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School of Biosciences, Division of
Plant and Crop Sciences
   
   
  
 

Image of Graham Seymour

Graham Seymour

Professor of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science

Contact

  • workRoom C14 Plant Sciences
    Sutton Bonington Campus
    Sutton Bonington
    Leicestershire
    LE12 5RD
    UK
  • work0115 951 6323
  • fax0115 951 6334

Research Summary

Research Interests

1. Developmental regulation of ripening in fleshy fruits 2. Genetic and molecular basis of fruit quality traits

Research Programme

Fleshy fruits are economically highly valuable and provide a substantial part of the daily intake of vitamins and minerals whether they are consumed in a fresh or processed condition. There is evidence emerging that the genes that regulate ripening in fruits have been conserved during evolution. In my laboratory the aim is to isolate key members of this class of regulatory genes and investigate their role in ripening. There are several strands to the research programme:

Cloning the gene at the Colourless non-ripening (Cnr ) locus.

In tomato a small number of single gene mutations exist, such as rin, nor and Cnr which have pleiotropic effects resulting in the reduction or almost complete abolition of ripening. These probably represent lesions in ripening-regulatory genes. For instance Cnr results in a non-ripening phenotype with two distinct characteristics: (1) firm fruit with reduced cell-to-cell adhesion and (2) complete abolition of carotenoid biosynthesis in the pericarp (see Thompson et al. Plant Physiology 120: 383-389, 1999: Orfila et al. Plant Physiology, 126: 210-221, 2001). Ken Manning (at Warwick HRI) and I have used a genetic map-based approach to isolate the gene at the Cnr locus. Unexpectedly an epimutation governs the expression of the CNR gene. (Manning et al, 2006. Nature Genetics 38, 948 - 952). The CNR gene will provide new insights into the biological basis of juiciness and colour development in fleshy fruits.

Modulation of ripening in non-climacteric fruit using MADS-RIN

Together with Ken Manning at Warwick HRI, and Jim Giovannoni at Cornell I have been working on a strawberry orthologue of the tomato MADS-RIN gene that can modulate ripening in this non-climacteric fruit. Mutant alleles of these genes have previously been used in conventional breeding to enhance texture and shelf-life in commercial tomato.

Conservation of the ripening-regulatory network in fleshy and dry fruits.

We are utilizing information from an advanced genetic framework in the dry fruited Arabidopsis to unravel the control of cell separation and softening in fleshy fruits. One of the tomato genes, TDR4, is a likely orthologue of the Arabidopsis gene FRUITFULL.Related MADS-box genes are associated with ripening in bilberry and apple. In Arabidopsis this MADS-box gene is involved in the control of valve cell differentiation (the cells corresponding to the tomato pericarp). In ful mutants, valve cells adopt the fate of dehiscence zone cells, which are normally programmed to undergo cell separation when the fruit matures. (Ferrándiz, Liljegren and Yanofsky, 2000. Science 289, 436-438). In collaboration with Laura Jaakola from the University of Oulu in Finland we have been investigating the role of a TDR4-like gene in bilberry fruit ripening. The results of this work indicate a major role for bilberry TDR4 in the control of anthocyanin biosynthesis in this fruit (Jaakola et al, 2010. Plant physiology 153, 1619-1629. The Tomato Genome Sequencing Project.

Gerard Bishop and Sarah Butcher at Imperial College, myself at Nottingham, Glenn Bryan at Scottish Crop Research Institute and Jane Rogers at Sanger are spearheading the UK Solanaceae Research Community contribution to the International effort to sequence the tomato genome.

Other projects on-going in the lab include the identification and resolution of QTL for mechanical properties and health-based components in tomato fruits.

Recent Competitive Grants

  • ERA-NET Plant Genomics. TomQML Lead PI with Paul Fraser, Alisdair Fernie, Ari Schaffer, Gerco Angenent, Christophe Rothan, James Giovannoni and Industry Partners. 2009-2012.
  • BBSRC Systems Biology funding with Charlie Hodgman in CPIB and colleagues at London University and in France. 2008 - 2011.
  • EU-SOL Harnessing Biodiversity in the Solanaceae EU PF6 1 2006 to 2010
  • Identification of genes that underlie a major QTL for tomato fruit texture KBB/D00103X/1. 2006 to 2009.
  • Sequencing the tomato genome (With Gerard Bishop and Sarah Butcher at Imperial, Jane Rogers at Sanger and Glenn Bryan at SCRI) BB/C509731/1. 2005 to 2008.
  • A metabolic approach to identification of health based consumer traits in tomato (with Peter Bramley and Paul Fraser at RHUL) BB/D00716X/1. 2006 to 2009
  • BBSRC Responsive Mode. A molecular and genetic framework for understanding the regulation of cell adhesion . D20300. 2004 to 2007

Selected Recent Publications

  • Seymour,G.B., Ryder C.D., Cevik, V., Hammond, JP., Popovich A., King G.J., Vrebalov J., Giovannoni J.J. and Manning, K. (2011). A SEPALLATA gene is involved in the development and ripening of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) fruit. Journal of Experimental Botany. 62, 1179-1188.
  • Jaakola, L., Poole, M., Jones, M.O., Kämäräinen-Karppinen, T., Koskimäki, J.J., Hohtola, A., Häggman, H., Fraser, P.D., Manning, K., King, G.J., Thomson, H. and Seymour, G.B. (2010) A SQUAMOSA MADS-box gene involved in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in bilberry fruits. Plant Physiology. 153, 1619-1629 (link)
  • Fernandez, A.I., Viron, N., Alhagdow, M., Karimi, M., Jones, M., Amsellem, Z., Sicard, A., Czerednik, A., Angenent, G., Grierson, D., May, S., Seymour, G., Eshed, Y., Lemaire-Chamley, Rothan, C. and Hilson, P. (2009). Flexible tools for gene expression and silencing in tomato. Plant Physiology 151: 1729-1740.
  • Vrebalov, J., Pan, I.L., Matas Arroyo., A.J., McQuinn, R., Chung, M-Y., Poole, M., Rose, J., Seymour, G., Grandillo, S., Giovannoni, J., Irish, V.F. (2009) Freshy fruit expansion and ripening are regulated by the tomato SHATTERPROOF gene TAGL1. Plant Cell. 21: 3041-3062 (link)
  • Kovacs, K., Fray, R.G., Tikunov, Y., Graham, N., Bradley, G., Seymour, G.B., Bovy, A.G. and Grierson, D. (2009) Effect of tomato pleiotropic ripening mutations on flavour volatile biosynthesis. Phytochemistry 70:1003-1008. (link)
  • Mueller, L.A. et al (2009) A snapshot of the emerging tomato genome sequence: the tomato genome sequencing consortium. Plant Genome 2:78-92 (link)
  • Cevik, V., Ryder, C.D., Popovich, A., Manning, K., King, G.J. and Seymour, G.B. (2009) A FRUITFULL-like gene is associated with genetic variation for fruit flesh firmness in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Tree Genetics & Genomes. doi.10.1007/s11295-009-0247-4 (link)
  • Fabi, J.P., Cordenunsi, B.R., Seymour, G.B., Lajola, F.M. and do Nascimento, J.R.O. (2009) Molecular cloning and characterization of a ripening-induced polygalacturonase related to papaya fruit softening. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 47:1075-1081. (link)
  • Seymour, G.B., Manning, K., Poole, M. and King, G.J. (2008). The genetics and epigenetics of fruit development and ripening. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 11:58-63. (link)
  • Pilcher, R.L., Moxon, S., Pakseresht, N., Moulton, V., Manning, K., Seymour, G.B. and Dalmay, T. (2007). Identification of novel small RNAs in tomato (Solanum lycopericum). Planta 226:709-717. (link)
  • Manning, K., Tor, M., Poole, M., Hong, Y., Thompson, A.J., King, G.J., Giovannoni, J.J. and Seymour, G.B. (2006). A naturally occurring epigenetic mutation in a gene encoding an SBP-box transcription factor inhibits tomato fruit ripening. Nature Genetics 38:948-952. (link)
  • Barry, C.S., McQuinn, R.P., Thompson, A.J., Seymour, G.B., Grierson, D. and Giovannoni, J.J. (2005). Ethylene insensitivity conferred by Green-ripe and Never-ripe 2 ripening mutants in tomato. Plant Physiology 138:267-275. (link)
  • Eriksson, E.M., Bovy, A., Manning, K., Harrison, L., Andrews, J., De Silva, J., Tucker, G.A. and Seymour, G.B. (2004). Effect of the Colourless non-ripening (Cnr) mutation on cell wall biochemistry and gene expression during tomato fruit development and ripening. Plant Physiology 136:4184-4197. (link)
  • Marin-Rodriguez, M.C., Smith, D., Manning, K., Orchard, J. and Seymour, S.B. (2003). Pectate lyase gene expression and enzyme activity in ripening banana fruit. Plant Molecular Biology 51:851-857. (link)
  • Tor, M., Manning, K., King, G.J., Thompson, A.J., Jones, G.H., Seymour, G.B. and Armstrong, S.J. (2002). Genetic analysis and FISH mapping of the Colourless non-ripening locus of tomato. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 104:165-170. (link)
  • Fraser, P.D., Bramley, P. and Seymour, G.B. (2001). Effect of the Cnr mutation on carotenoid formation during tomato fruit ripening. Phytochemistry 58:75-79. (request)
  • King, G.J., Lynn, J.R., Dover, C.J., Evans, K.M. and Seymour, G.B. (2001). Resolution of quantitative trait loci for mechanical measures accounting for gentic variation in fruit texture of apple (Malus pumila Mill). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 102:1227-1235. (link)
  • Orfila, C., Seymour, G.B., Willats, W.G.T., Huxham, I.M., Jarvis, M.C., Dover, D.J., Thompson, A.J. and Knox, J.P. (2001). Altered middle lamella homogalacturonan and disrupted deposition of (1-5)-a-L-arabinan in the pericarp of Cnr, a ripening mutant of tomato. Plant Physiology 126:210-221. (link)
  • Drury, R., Hortensteiner, S., Donnison, I., Bird, C.R. and Seymour, G.B. (1999). Gene expression and chlorophyll catabolism in the peel of ripening banana fruits. Physiologia Plantarum 107:32-38.
  • Huxham, I.M., Jarvis, M.C., Shakespeare, L., Dover, C.J., Johnson, D., Knox, J.P. and Seymour, G.B. (1999). Electron energy loss spectroscopic imaging of calcium and nitrogen in the cell walls of apple fruits. Planta 208:438-443. (link)
  • Thompson, A.J., Tor, M., Barry, C.S., Vrebalov, J., Orfila, C., Jarvis, M.C., Giovannoni, J.J., Grierson, D. and Seymour, G.B. (1999). Molecular and genetic characterisation of a novel pleiotropic tomato ripening mutant. Plant Physiology 120:383-389. (link)

Selected Publications

Division of Plant and Crop Sciences

University of Nottingham
Sutton Bonington Campus
Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD

telephone: +44 (0) 115 951 6327
email: plantandcrop-enquiries@nottingham.ac.uk