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Mark Worall

Research Fellow, Faculty of Engineering

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Teaching Summary

Natural ventilation design

Sustainable energy technologies

building services engineering

Research Summary

I am currently involved in the modelling and experimental investigation of a hybrid vapour-compression/jet-pump refrigeration system for the transport sector. We will be using carbon dioxide as the… read more

Selected Publications

  • WORALL, M, 2011. Homeostasis in nature: mound building termites and intelligent buildings Intelligent Buildings International. 3(2), 87-95
  • WORALL, M,, OMER, S., RIFFAT, S. and B., 2011. A hybrid jet-pump CO2 compression system for transport refrigeration International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 6(2),
  • EAMES, I, W. WU, S and WORALL, M., 2011. An experimental investigation into the novel integration of a jet-pump refrigeration cycle and a novel jet-spay thermal ice storage system In: SusTEM 2011, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK, 25-26 October. (In Press.)
  • WORALL, M, OMER, S, RIFFAT, S, 2010. Design analysis of a hybrid jet-pump CO2 compression system In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, Shanghai, China, 24-27 August. (In Press.)

Current Research

I am currently involved in the modelling and experimental investigation of a hybrid vapour-compression/jet-pump refrigeration system for the transport sector. We will be using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant in the vapour-compression system and a natural refrigerant such as water or ethanol in the jet-pump system. The jet-pump system will be driven by waste heat from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The project involves a thermodynamic analysis of the hybrid system, the identification of a suitable refrigerant pair and the optimising the system. I will be designing and building an experimental rig and will be testing the system.

Past Research

I recently concluded a research project involving a theoretical and experimental investigation of an indirect evaporative cooling system integrated with a wind driven natural ventilation system.

I developed a variable buoyancy system for underwater vehicles at the University of Aberdeen. The system used a small hydraulic circuit and a pressure intensifier housed in a water tight enclosure to fill and empty a buoyancy tank. The system was capable of operating at full ocean depth (6000m). A second system was developed for operation at shallow depths (<300m).

Future Research

I am interested in thermoelectric refrigeration systems and have been investigating electrically conductive polymers that might be useful in such devices. I am also interested in biomimetics and am researching thermoelectric mechanisms in nature.

  • WORALL, M,, OMER, S., RIFFAT, S. and B., 2011. A hybrid jet-pump CO2 compression system for transport refrigeration International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 6(2),
  • EAMES, I, W. WU, S and WORALL, M., 2011. An experimental investigation into the novel integration of a jet-pump refrigeration cycle and a novel jet-spay thermal ice storage system In: SusTEM 2011, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK, 25-26 October. (In Press.)
  • WORALL, M, 2011. Homeostasis in nature: mound building termites and intelligent buildings Intelligent Buildings International. 3(2), 87-95
  • MARK WORALL, 2011. underground living in nature: from earthworms to earthsips In: designing for intelligent underground buildings.
  • WORALL, M, GARBA, M, M, TSUI, Y, L, XUDONG, X, RIFFAT, S, 2010. A PCM system for a windcatcher natural ventilation system In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy technologies, Shanghai, China, 24-27 August. (In Press.)
  • WORALL, M, 2010. Intelligent thermoregulation and Homeostasis: lessons from nature In: CIB World Congress 2010, Salford Quays, UK, May 11-13. 45-56
  • MARDIANA, A, RIFFAT, S. B, WORALL, M, 2009. Experimental investigation of air-to-air plate heat recovery performance with windcatcher ventilation system In: Energy Technology Conference, Aachen, Germany, 31 August-3 September.
  • BOUKHANOUF, R, GODEFROY, J, RIFFAT, S, B, WORALL, M, 2008. Design and optimization of a small-scale tri-generation system International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 3(1), 32-43
  • WORALL, M, JAMIESON, A, J, HOLFORD, A, NEILSON, R, D, PLAYER, M and BAGLEY, P, M, 2007. A variable buoyancy system for deep ocean vehicles In: IEEE Oceans 07,Aberdeen, UK, 18-21 June.
  • WORALL, M, BAGLEY, P, M, JAMIESON, A, J, HOLFORD, A, PLAYER, M and NEILSON, R, D, 2006. The development of a variable buoyancy system In: IMarEST World Maritime Technology Conference 06, London, UK, 6-10 March.
  • WORALL, M, 2004. A two-stage refrigeration system for a supermarket using heat recovery and natural refrigerants In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, Nottingham, UK, June 28-30.
  • WORALL, M and EAMES, I. W, 2004. An experimental investigation of a jet-pump thermal (ice) storage system powered by low-grade heat In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, Nottingham, UK, June 28-30.
  • WORALL, M.G, EAMES, I, W and WU, S, 2002. Reducing the environmental impact of comfort cooling by using a jet-pump thermal (ice) storage system In: Proceedings of the CIBSE National Conference 2002.
  • EAMES, I. W, WORALL, M and WU, S, 1999. Vapour absorption cycle refrigeration with thermal (ice) storage In: Proceedings of the CIBSE National Conference 1999. 524-530
  • EAMES, I, W, WU, S and WORALL, M., 1999. The design and performance of steam ejectors for application in jet-pump refrigerators Recent Developments in Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer. 2, 199-215
  • EAMES, I. W, WORALL, M and WU, S, 1998. A jet-pump powered thermal (ice) storage system powered by low-grade heat for comfort cooling for buildings In: Proceedings of the CIBSE National Conference 1998. 100-113

Faculty of Engineering

The University of Nottingham
University Park
Nottingham, NG7 2RD


telephone: +44 (0) 115 951 4163
email:engineering@nottingham.ac.uk