This text is offered as a source of useful information but it does not address any legal implications of providing references. Academic staff would be advised to check with the University's Human Resources department if they have concerns over this.
General principles
The purpose of references
References provide an opportunity for an employer to verify statements made by an applicant in an application form or at an interview. They also provide a relevant opinion that supplements and clarifies other measurements in the selection procedure when assessing a candidate’s suitability.
Opinion is divided as to the usefulness of references as most people will choose a referee who is likely to make positive comments, however, it is clear that employers still value them as an independent source of information on candidates. For many students and recent graduates, the academic reference is extremely important as it a way of checking:
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grades
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consistency of effort
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commitment
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interpersonal skills
It is often the contact preferred by employers.
Employer contact with referees
Employers may contact referees at various stages of the selection process. For example, public sector employers ─ including educational establishments ─ may request references even before offering a first interview.
It is rare for employers not to take up references at all and this is indicative of their importance.
Who should provide the reference?
Ideally, the referee should be a tutor who has had significant involvement in the teaching or welfare of the student. Where this is not possible, a senior member of staff may produce a factual reference, using opinion only when it is supported by material on file.
Good practice guidelines
Further information on good practice when writing job references for students.
Example letter of reference
Dear Mr Jones,
Reference for Peter Lakefield (BA Combined Studies 2008).
I knew Peter Lakefield in my capacity as personal tutor from 2005 to 2008 in the Humanities Faculty of The University of Nottingham. From my knowledge of him during this period, he was a conscientious student who consistently produced good work and achieved high grades.
His examination performance, course work and contribution to seminars and class discussion displayed an ability to integrate material and reflect a thoughtful and perceptive analysis of both conceptual and practical problems.
During his undergraduate studies, Peter took a range of modules including Film and Culture, Linguistics, Communication Theory and various literature studies. He also undertook an introductory course in Russian. Peter’s final year dissertation demonstrated his ability to use independent research methods and to communicate in a thoughtful and creative manner.
Peter has an engaging personality and an outgoing manner which enables him to get on well with his peers and tutors. He made the most of his time at university through involvement in student societies and by taking on Hall and Departmental Committee responsibilities. Peter was also keen to gain relevant work experience during his degree studies and I know that he was successful in obtaining an internship with a publishing company in London last summer. This experience would seem to be particularly relevant to the position you are advertising.
In view of his personal qualities, academic ability and proven communication skills, I have no hesitation in recommending Peter to you as an employee.
Yours sincerely,