Min Yang

Contact

• workRoom C17 Institute of Mental Health Building
  Jubilee Campus
  Wollaton Road
  Nottingham
  NG8 1BB
  UK
• work0115 823 2457
• fax0115 823 1289
• min.yang@nottingham.ac.uk

Biography

Prof. Min Yang studied at the West China School of Medicine, staying to undertake her MPH and majoring in medical statistics. She was the Chair for the Department of Health Statistics at West China University of Medical Sciences, also becoming Associate Professor. Then for one year she was Visiting Fellow at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, focussing on Medical Statistics. She later joined the Multi-level Modelling project group at the Institute of Education, University of London in 1991, starting as a Research Officer. In 2003 she joined the Queen Mary Medical School at the University of London in the centre for Psychiatry as a lecturer, and then became a reader in Medical Statistics. In November 2009 she joined the University of Nottingham as Chair of Medical Statistics.

Expertise Summary

Keywords:

Statistical modelling, multi-level modelling, epidemiology, public health

Teaching Summary

At University of Nottingham

• Occasional teaching of Master's students on advanced statistics
• Run series workshops for academic faculty and postgraduates on statistical methods including multilevel models for repeated measures data and in meta analysis, regression model and analysis of variance, introduction to structural equation models.
• Co-supervise PhD students, currently 2.
• Internal examiner

In China

• Special Professor of Sichuan University in China since 2003, run a credited module course on multilevel models in medical and health research for postgraduates in School of Public Health since 2007
• Supervising PhD students in Department of Health Statistics with 2 completed and 1 pending.
• Honorary Professor in Bin Chon Medical School since 2010

Research Summary

Prof. Yang's general area of research interest are epidemiology and statistical modelling, in particular multi-level models for large and complex data, and applied statistics in health and medical… read more

Selected Publications

• YANG, M, ELDRIDGE, S. and MERLO, J., 2009. Multilevel survival analysis of health inequalities in life expectancy. International Journal for Equity in Health. 8, 31
• YANG, M., COID, J. and TYRER, P., 2010. Personality pathology recorded by severity: national survey British Journal of Psychiatry. 197(3), 193-199
• YANG, M., WONG, S.C.P. and COID, J., 2010. The efficacy of violence prediction:a meta-analytic comparison of nine risk assessment tools. Psychological Bulletin. 136(5), 740-767
• COID, J and YANG, M, 2011. The Impact Of Psychopathy On Violence Among The Household Population Of Great Britain Social Psychiatry And Psychiatric Epidemiology. 46(6), 473-480

• View all publications

• Statistical advisor to: British Journal of Psychiatry and to Personality and Mental Health and to Chinese Journal for Hospital Statistics.
• Runs workshops in Multi-level Modelling in Medical and Public Health in China every year, and has run the same workshops in the UK.

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Co-applicant on the following funded collaborations:

• "An Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Secure Forensic Inpatient Services in England."- Funded by the Department of Health. Principal Investigator: Connor Duggan. Budget: £125,000
• "Scoping study on Personality Disorder Strategy"- Funded by the Ministry of Justice. Principal Investigator: Connor Duggan. Budget: £50,000
• "Improving quality of care and outcome following very preterm birth"- Funded by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR). Principal Investigator: Lelia Duley. Budget: £1,877,409
• "Translating genomics into clinical practice"- Funded by the Pump Prime Theme at the University of Nottingham. Principal Investigator: Nadeem Qureshi. Budget: £25,000
• "The H.E.A.L.T.H. project: Help Enabling Active Lifestyles Toward Health in young people with depression"- Funded by NIHR Research for Patient Benefit (RfPB). Principal Investigator: Callaghan Patrick. Budget: £234,012

Current Research

Prof. Yang's general area of research interest are epidemiology and statistical modelling, in particular multi-level models for large and complex data, and applied statistics in health and medical research. She has intensive experience in developing methodology and promoting its application. She also has extensive research experience in epidemiology of psychiatric disorders and statistical methods in risk assessment.

Her current work is mainly supporting the statistical needs of CLAHRC, and Nottingham CTU trials of Medical Faculty. She is currently a co-applicant/trial statistician for seven randomized clinical trials funded mainly by National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under the theme RfPB and HTA, a co-applicant for a NIHR Programme Grant in the area of care for preterm born babies and for a NIHR Programme Development Grant in the area of care for high risk and severe personality disordered group.

The latest project she is leading as the PI is to study the inter-relationships between socio-economic status, alcohol use and ill health across the life span. Funded by the European Foundation for Alcohol Research (ERAB), this project will examine data collected as part of the National Child Development Study, which has followed a 1958 birth cohort of over 17,000 people for up to 50 years at eight waves to date. Measures such as household finances, social class, level of education, alcohol consumption, and physical and mental health will be examined over time to identify how these variables change and how change in one variable affects the others. The project will apply advanced statistical modelling techniques including multilevel models and structural equation models in life course epidemiology to identify the pathway of early life socio-economic status to midlife alcohol use and further to later life ill health. The results of this research will assist with health policy decisions, clarifying when and with whom prevention and intervention efforts could most effectively be targeted.

• MORRISS R, YANG M, CHOPRA A, BENTALL R, PAYKEL E and SCOTT J, 2013. Differential effects of depression and mania symptoms on social adjustment: prospective study in bipolar disorder Bipolar Disorders. 15, 80-91
• COID, J., ULLRICH, S., KEERS, R., BEBBINGTON, P., DESTAVOLA, B., KALLIS, C., YANG, M., REISS, D., JENKINS, R. and DONNELLY, P., 2013. Gang membership, violence, and psychiatric morbidity American Journal of Psychiatry. (In Press.)
• ZHANG, T., YANG, M., XIAO, X., FENG, Z., LI, C., ZHOU, Z., REN, Q. and LI, X., 2013. Spectral Analysis for Surveillance Data: the Case of Scarlet Fever in China. Epidemiology and Infection. (In Press.)
• ZHANG, X., LIU, Y., YANG, M., ZHANG, T., YOUNG, A. and LI, X., 2013. Comparative study of four time series methods in forecasting typhoid fever incidence in China PLOS ONE. (In Press.)
• QIU, J.Y., CHEN, W.J., GAO, X.F., LIU, S., GOOD, M., XIE, B., XIAO, Z.P. and YANG, M., 2013. A Randomized controlled trial of group cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder in Chinese breast cancer survivors Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology. (In Press.)
• CRAWFORD, M.J., RUSHWAYA, T., BAJAJ, P., TYRER, P. and YANG, M., 2012. The prevalence of personality disorder among ethnic minorities: findings from a national household survey Personality and Mental Health.
• MORRISS, R., KAI, J., ATHA, C., AVERY, A., BAYES, S., FRANKLIN, M., GEORGE, T., JAMES, M., MALINS, S., MCDONALD, R., PATEL, S., STUBLEY, M. and YANG, M., 2012. Persistent frequent attenders in primary care: costs, reasons for attendance, organisation of care and potential for cognitive behavioural therapeutic intervention BMC Family Practice. 13(39), 14
• SAYAL, K., DALEY, D., JAMES, M., YANG, M., BATTY, M., TAYLOR, J., PASS, S., SAMPSON, C., SELLMAN, E., VALENTINE, A. and HOLLIS, C., 2012. Protocol Evaluating the effectiveness of a school-based group programme for parents of children at risk of ADHD: the 'PArents, Teachers and CHildren WORKing Together (PATCHWORK)' cluster RCT protocol BMJ Open. 2, 7
• WENG, S.F., REDSELL, S.A., SWIFT, J.A., YANG, M. and GLAZEBROOK, C., 2012. Systematic review and meta-analyses of the risk factors for childhood overweight that can be identified during infancy. Archives of Disease in Childhood. (In Press.)
• CHEN, J., WANG, Z., GUO, B., ARCELUS, J., ZHANG, H., JIA, X., XU, Y., QIU, J., XIAO, Z., ZHANG, M. and YANG, M., 2012. Psychological stress, negative affect and disordered eating: an exploratory study with young Chinese women PLOS ONE. 7(10), e46878
• MORRISS, R., YANG, M., CHOPRA, A. and SCOTT JAN, 2012. Differential effects of depression and mania symptoms on social adjustment: prospective study in bipolar disorder Bipolar Disorder. (In Press.)
• SHEN, Z., YANG, M., LIU, Q., MEHTA, S. and XIASONG, 2012. The comparison of multilevel models, method of moment and restricted maximum likelihood in assessing individual bioequivalence African Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. (In Press.)
• COID, J and YANG, M, 2011. The Impact Of Psychopathy On Violence Among The Household Population Of Great Britain Social Psychiatry And Psychiatric Epidemiology. 46(6), 473-480
• HU J, YANG M, HUANG X and COID J, 2011. Forensic Psychiatry In China. International Journal Of Law And Psychiatry. 34(1), 7-12
• LIU YY, YANG M, RAMSEY M, LI XS and COID J, 2011. A comparison of logistic regression, classification and regression tree, and neural networks models in predicting violent re-offending Journal of Quantitative Criminology. 27(4), 547-573
• COID, J.W., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ZHANG, T., SIZMUR, S., FARRINGTON, D. and ROGERS, R., 2011. Most items in structured risk assessment instruments do not predict violence The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. 22(1), 3-21
• GLAZEBROOK, C., BATTY, M., NIVETTE MULLAN, I.M.D., NATHAN, D., SAYAL, K., SMYTH, A., YANG, M., GUO, B. and HOLLIS, C., 2011. Evaluating the effectiveness of a schools-based programme to promote exercise self-efficacy in children and young people with risk factors for obesity: Steps to active kids (STAK) BMC Public Health. 11(1), 830
• YANG, M., COID, J. and TYRER, P., 2010. Personality pathology recorded by severity: national survey British Journal of Psychiatry. 197(3), 193-199
• YANG, M., WONG, S.C.P. and COID, J., 2010. The efficacy of violence prediction:a meta-analytic comparison of nine risk assessment tools. Psychological Bulletin. 136(5), 740-767
• YANG, M, LIU, Y.Y. and COID, J., 2010. Applying Neural Networks and other statistical models to the classification of serious offenders and the prediction of recidivism:: Research Summary Ministry of Justice, Great Britain.
• COID, J. and YANG, M., 2010. The impact of psychopathy on violence among the household population of Great Britain Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 46(6), 473-480
• HU, J., YANG, M., HUANG, X., LIU, X. and COID, J., 2010. Forensic psychiatry assessments in Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China, 1997-2006 The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. 21(4), 604-619
• MORRISS, R., MARTTUNNEN, S., GARLAND, A., NIXON, N., MCDONALD, R., SWEENEY, T., FLAMBERT, H., FOX, R., TAYLOR-HUGHES, C., JAMES, M. and YANG, M., 2010. Randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a specialist team for managing refractory unipolar depressive disorder BMC Psychiatry. 10, 100
• COID, J, YANG, M, BEBBINGTON, P, MORAN, P, BRUGHA, T, JENKINS, R, FARRELL, M, SINGLETON, N and ULLRICH, S., 2009. Borderline personality disorder: health service use and social functioning among a national household population. Psychological medicine. 39(10), 1721-31
• COID, J, YANG, M, ULLRICH, S, ROBERTS, A. and HARE, R.D., 2009. Prevalence and correlates of psychopathic traits in the household population of Great Britain. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 32(2), 65-73
• COID, J., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ROBERTS, A., MORAN, P., BEBBINGTON, P., BRUGHA, T., JENKINS, R., FARRELL, M., LEWIS, G., SINGLETON, N. and HARE, R., 2009. Psychopathy among prisoners in England and Wales International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 32(3), 134-141
• YANG, M, ELDRIDGE, S. and MERLO, J., 2009. Multilevel survival analysis of health inequalities in life expectancy. International Journal for Equity in Health. 8, 31
• COID, J. and YANG, M., 2009. Violence and delayed social independence among young adult British men. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.
• COID, J., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ZHANG, T., SIZMUR, S., ROBERTS, C., FARRINGTON, D.P. and ROGERS, R.D., 2009. Gender differences in structured risk assessment: comparing the accuracy of five instruments Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 77(2), 337-348
• LUI, Q.L, SHEN, Z.Z, CHEN, F, LI, X.S. and YANG, M., 2009. Applying multilevel models in evaluation of bioequivalence (I) Chinese Journal of Epidemiology. 30(12), 1285-1290
• ULLRICH, S, YANG, M. and COID, J., 2009. Dangerous and severe personality disorder: An investigation of the construct. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry.
• COID, J. and YANG, M., 2009. Violence and delayed social independence among young adult British men Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 45(3), 301-308
• COID, J., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ROBERTS, A. and HARE, R.D., 2009. Prevalence and correlates of psychopathic traits in the household population of Great Britain International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 32(2), 65-73
• COID, J., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ROBERTS, A., MORAN, P., BEBBINGTON, P., BRUGHA, T., JENKINS, R., FARRELL, M. and LEWIS, G., 2009. Psychopathy among prisoners in England and Wales International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 32(3), 134-141
• HICKEY, N., YANG, M. and COID, J., 2009. The development of the Medium Security Recidivism Assessment Guide (MSRAG): an actuarial risk prediction instrument The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. 20(2), 202-224
• NEWTON-HOWES, G., TYRER, P., NORTH, B. and YANG, M., 2008. The prevalence of personality disorder in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders: systematic review of rates and explanatory modelling Psychological Medicine. 38(8), 1075-1082
• COID, J. and YANG, M., 2008. The distribution of psychopathy among a household population: categorical or dimensional? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 43(10), 773-781
• COID, J.W., KIRKBRIDE, J.B., BARKER, D., COWDEN, F., STAMPS, R., YANG, M. and JONES, P.B., 2008. Raised incidence rates of all psychoses among migrant groups: findings from the East London first episode psychosis study Archives of General Psychiatry. 65(11), 1250-1258
• KIRKBRIDE, J.B., BARKER, D., COWDEN, F., STAMPS, R., YANG, M., JONES, P.B. and COID, J.W., 2008. Psychoses, ethnicity and socio-economic status The British Journal of Psychiatry. 193(1), 18-24
• ROBERTS, A., YANG, M., ZHANG, T. and COID, J., 2008. Personality disorder, temperament, and childhood adversity: findings from a cohort of prisoners in England and Wales The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. 19(4), 460-483
• YANG M, ULLRICH S, ROBERTS A and COID J, 2007. Childhood Institutional Care And Personality Disorder Traits In Adulthood: Findings From The British National Surveys Of Psychiatric Morbidity. The American Journal Of Orthopsychiatry. 77(1), 67-75
• COID J, HICKEY N, KAHTAN N, ZHANG T and YANG M, 2007. Patients Discharged From Medium Secure Forensic Psychiatry Services: Reconvictions And Risk Factors. The British Journal Of Psychiatry. 190(3), 223-229
• COID, J., YANG, M., ULLRICH, S., ZHANG, T., ROBERTS, A., ROBERTS, C., ROGERS, R. and FARRINGTON, D., 2007. Predicting and understanding risk of re-offending: the Prisoner Cohort Study: Ministry of Justice, London, UK Ministry of Justice, London, UK.
• COID, J.W., HICKEY, N. and YANG, M., 2007. Comparison of outcomes following after-care from forensic and general adult psychiatric services The British Journal of Psychiatry. 190(6), 509-514
• SUNDQUIST, K. and YANG, M., 2007. Linking social capital and self-rated health: A multilevel analysis of 11,175 men and women in Sweden Health & Place. 13(2), 324-334
• YANG, M. and COID, J., 2007. Gender differences in psychiatric morbidity and violent behaviour among a household population in Great Britain Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology. 42(8), 599-605
• ANDERSEN, R., YANG, M. and HEATH, A.F., 2006. Class Politics and Political Context in Britain, 1964-1997: Have Voters Become More Individualized? European sociological review. 22(2), 215-228
• COID, J., YANG, M., ROBERTS, A., ULLRICH, S., MORAN, P., BEBBINGTON, P., BRUGHA, T., JENKINS, R., FARRELL, M. and LEWIS, G., 2006. Violence and psychiatric morbidity in the national household population of Britain: public health implications The British Journal of Psychiatry. 189(1), 12-19
• COID, J., YANG, M., ROBERTS, A., ULLRICH, S., MORAN, P., BEBBINGTON, P., BRUGHA, T., JENKINS, R., FARRELL, M. and LEWIS, G., 2006. Violence and psychiatric morbidity in a national household population:: a report from the British Household Survey American journal of epidemiology. 164(12), 1199
• COID, J., YANG, M., TYRER, P., ROBERTS, A. and ULLRICH, S., 2006. Prevalence and correlates of personality disorder in Great Britain The British Journal of Psychiatry. 188(5), 423-431
• MüLLER, HP, BARRIESHI€NUSAIR, KM, KöNöNEN, E. and YANG, M., 2006. Effect of triclosan/copolymer-/containing toothpaste on the association between plaque and gingival bleeding: a randomized controlled clinical trial 33(11), 811-818
• SUNDQUIST, J., JOHANSSON, S.E., YANG, M. and SUNDQUIST, K., 2006. Low linking social capital as a predictor of coronary heart disease in Sweden: a cohort study of 2.8 million people Social Science & Medicine. 62(4), 954-963
• SUNDQUIST, K., THEOBALD, H., YANG, M., LI, X., JOHANSSON, S.E. and SUNDQUIST, J., 2006. Neighborhood violent crime and unemployment increase the risk of coronary heart disease: a multilevel study in an urban setting Social Science & Medicine. 62(8), 2061-2071
• FIELDING, A. and YANG, M., 2005. Generalized linear mixed models for ordered responses in complex multilevel structures: effects beneath the school or college in education Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society). 168(1), 159-183
• HOYLES, C., KüCHEMANN, D., HEALY, L. and YANG, M., 2005. Students' developing knowledge in a subject discipline:: Insights from combining quantitative and qualitative methods Int. J. Social Research Methodology. 8(3), 225-238
• MERLO, J., CHAIX, B., YANG, M., LYNCH, J. and RÃ¥STAM, L., 2005. A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: linking the statistical concept of clustering to the idea of contextual phenomenon Journal of epidemiology and community health. 59(6), 443-449
• MERLO, J., CHAIX, B., YANG, M., LYNCH, J. and RÃ¥STAM, L., 2005. A brief conceptual tutorial on multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: interpreting neighbourhood differences and the effect of neighbourhood characteristics on individual health Journal of epidemiology and community health. 59(12), 1022-1029
• MERLO, J., YANG, M., CHAIX, B., LYNCH, J. and RÃ¥STAM, L., 2005. A brief conceptual tutorial on multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: investigating contextual phenomena in different groups of people Journal of epidemiology and community health. 59(9), 729-736
• YANG, M., COID, J.W. and PAN, H., 2005. Multilevel generalized linear models for modelling age related gender difference in violent behaviour and associated factors in the general household population International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 14(3), 130-145
• FIELDING, A., YANG, M. and GOLDSTEIN, H., 2003. Multilevel ordinal models for examination grades: Statistical modelling Statistical modelling. 3(2), 127
• MERLO, J., LYNCH, J.W., YANG, M., LINDSTRöM, M., ÖSTERGREN, P.O., RASMUSEN, N.K. and RÃ¥STAM, L., 2003. Effect of neighborhood social participation on individual use of hormone replacement therapy and antihypertensive medication: a multilevel analysis American journal of epidemiology. 157(9), 774
• YANG, M. and GOLDSTEIN, H., 2003. Modelling survival data in MLwiN 1.20
• YANG, M., 2003. Review of Mixed-Up Suite for Windows Available at: <http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/learning/mmsoftware/mix.html>
• YANG, M., 2003. A review of random effects modelling in SAS (release 8.2) Available at: <http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/learning/mmsoftware/sas.htlm>
• YANG, M., 2003. Review of HLM 5.04 for Windows Available at: <http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/learning/mmsoftware/hlm5.htlm>
• YANG, M., 2003. A review on SYSTAT (10) on random effects modelling Available at: <http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/learning/mmsoftware/systat.htlm>
• YANG, M, GOLDSTEIN, H, BROWNE, W and WOODHOUSE, G, 2002. Multivariate Multilevel Analyses Of Examination Results Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series A-Statistics In Society. 165(1), 137-153
• YANG, M., 2002. A review of random effects models in EGRET for Windows (Version 2.0.3) Available at: <http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/learning/mmsoftware/egret.htlm>
• BROWNE, W.J., GOLDSTEIN, H., WOODHOUSE, G. and YANG, M., 2001. An MCMC algorithm for adjusting for errors in variables in random slopes multilevel models Multilevel modelling newsletter. 13(1), 4-9
• YANG, M. and WOODHOUSE, G., 2001. Progress from GCSE to A and AS level: institutional and gender differences, and trends over time British Educational Research Journal. 27(3), 245-267
• TURNER RM, OMAR RZ, YANG M, GOLDSTEIN H and THOMPSON SG, 2000. A Multilevel Model Framework For Meta-Analysis Of Clinical Trials With Binary Outcomes. Statistics In Medicine. 19(24), 3417-32
• GOLDSTEIN, H, YANG, M, OMAR, R, TURNER, R and THOMPSON, S, 2000. Meta-Analysis Using Multilevel Models With An Application To The Study Of Class Size Effects Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series C-Applied Statistics. 49, 399-412
• YANG, M, GOLDSTEIN, H and HEATH, A, 2000. Multilevel Models For Repeated Binary Outcomes: Attitudes And Voting Over The Electoral Cycle Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series A-Statistics In Society. 163, 49-62
• RASBASH, J., BROWNE, W., GOLDSTEIN, H., YANG, M., PLEWIS, I., HEALY, M., WOODHOUSE, G., DRAPER, D., LANGFORD, I. and LEWIS, T., 2000. A user's guide to MLwiN. London: Centre for Multilevel Modelling INstitute of Education.
• RASBASH, J., GOLDSTEIN, H., BROWNE, W., YANG, M. and WOODHOUSE, G., 2000. The MLwiN Command Interface
• YANG, M, GOLDSTEIN, H, RATH, T and HILL, N, 1999. The use of assessment data for school improvement purposes Oxford Review of Education. 25(4), 469-483
• FIELDING, A. and YANG, M., 1999. Random effects models for ordered category responses and complex structures in educational progress Discussion Papers.
• YANG, M., RASBASH, J., GOLDSTEIN, H. and BARBOSA, M., 1999. MLwiN macros for advanced multilevel modelling London: Institute of Education.
• WOODHOUSE, G, YANG, M, GOLDSTEIN, H and RASBASH, J, 1996. Adjusting For Measurement Error In Multilevel Analysis Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series A-Statistics In Society. 159, 201-212
• WOODHOUSE, G., RASBASH, J., GOLDSTEIN, H. and YANG, M., 1996. In: Introduction to multilevel modelling: Multi-level Modelling Applications: A Guide for Users of Mln 9-57
• YANG, M. and GOLDSTEIN, H., 1996. Multilevel Models for Longitudinal Data. In: Analysis of change: Advanced techniques in panel data analysis 1. Walter de Gruyter. 191-220
• YANG, M. and LEUNG, SSF, 1994. A comparison of the growth patterns of Chinese infants in Chengdu and Hong Kong: 0-2 years Journal of paediatrics and child health. 30(4), 336-340
• YANG, M. and LEUNG, SSF, 1994. Weight and length growth of two Chinese infant groups and the seasonal effects on their growth Annals of Human Biology. 21(6), 547-562
• GOLDSTEIN, H., RASBASH, J., YANG, M., WOODHOUSE, G., PAN, H., NUTTALL, D. and THOMAS, S., 1993. A Multilevel Analysis of School Examination Results [1] Oxford Review of education. 19(4), 425-433
• HEALY, MJR, RASBASH, J. and YANG, M., 1988. Distribution-free estimation of age-related centiles Annals of Human Biology. 15(1), 17-22