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Term
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Definition
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admittance (or admission)
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ceremony by which a new tenant gained entry to a customary holding, by paying a fine; usually preceded by a surrender
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affeerer
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person chosen to asses the level of a fine
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amercement
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a penalty, or fine
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assize of bread and ale
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system regulating the price and quality of bread and ale
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bailiff
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oversaw day-to-day running of a manor
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bovate
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measurement of land
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burgage
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a freehold property
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commutation of services
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replacement of labour services owed with a money payment
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copyhold
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form of holding land, marked by the fact that the tenant would have a copy of the court roll recording his admission
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court baron
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court held by the lord of the manor for his local tenants to administer the customs of the manor and enforce payment of dues and services
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court leet
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of the frankpledge and dealt with the administration of local justice for common offences
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curtilage
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a piece of ground attached to a house
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customary tenant
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tenants holding land according to the customs of the manor
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customs of the manor
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the set of rules by which manors were governed/administered
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demesne
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the property held by the lord of the manor himself
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distraint
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impounding of goods/chattels until a payment is made
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enfranchise
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convert copyhold land into freehold tenure
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entry fine
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a payment due when a new customary tenant entered land
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essoin
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payment made in lieu of attending court in person
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estreat
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collective term for fines and amercements imposed in the manorial court
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fealty
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allegiance or fidelity
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frankpledge
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see view of frankpledge
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freeholder
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tenants who paid a money rent to the lord of the manor
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hayward
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oversaw the making of hay and harvesting
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heriot
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payment made on the death of a tenant
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homage
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the tenants who attended a manor court
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leasehold
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land let out in a way which was not restricted or governed by the custom of the manor
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merchet
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payment made for obtaining permission for a daughter to marry
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pain
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a rule/regulation of the manor
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pinder
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kept the manorial pound/pinfold
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precept
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order issued to the bailiff of the manor for the holding of a court
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presentment
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a statement by the jury of matters to be dealt with by the manorial court
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reeve
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'foreman' of the manor
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resiant
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resident of a manor
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rood
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a measurement of land
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seisin
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possession of land or other property
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steward
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chief officer of a manor
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suit of court
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attendance at the manor court
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suit service
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service rendered by attendance at the manor court
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surrender
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ceremony by which an existing tenant gave up a customary holding; usually followed by an admission
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tenant at will
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tenants who paid a rent and whose tenure was entirely dependent on the good will of the lord
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tithingman
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one of a group of ten men with a mutual responsibility for their good behaviour
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view of frankpledge
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a system of mutual responsibility for the maintenance of law and order, usually consisting of around ten households
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villein
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tenants who occupied lands on condition of performing services for the lord of the manor
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virgate
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a measurement of land
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admitto/ere
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to admit
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afferator/oris
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assessor/affeerer
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amerciamentum/i
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amercement
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annuatim
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annually
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arreragium/i
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arrears
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assisa/ae
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assize(s)
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attornatus/i
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attorney(s)
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baillivus/i
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bailiff (s)
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bedellus/i
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hayward(s)
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bovata/ae
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bovate
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burgagium/i
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burgage
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communis/e
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common
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compotus/i
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account(s)
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concedo/ere
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to grant
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coram
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before
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curia baronis
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court baron
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curia leta
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court leet
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curia magna
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court leet
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curia parva
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court baron
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curtilagium/i
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curtilage
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custumarius/a/um
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customary
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dampnum/i
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damages
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debeo/ere
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to owe
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decenna/ae
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tithing(s)
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decennarius/i
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tithingman(men)
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defalta/ae
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default
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defectus redditum
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defect of rent
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dimitto/ere
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to demise/lease
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districtio/onis
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distraint(s)
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distringo/ere
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to distrain
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do/dare
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to give
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dominium/i
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lord
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dominus/i
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lord
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essonia/ae
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essoin(s)
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exitus/us
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issue/revenue/profit(s)
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extenta/ae
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survey(s)
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firmarius/i
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farmer/renter(s)
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hereditatio/onis
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inheritance
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heres/edis
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heir
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homagium/i
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homage(s)
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honor/oris
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honour
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ingressus/us
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entry(ies)
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inquisitio/onis
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inquiry
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jurator/oris
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juror
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magister/i
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master(s)
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manerium/i
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manor(s)
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manus/us
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hand(s)
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merchetum/i
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merchet(s)
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messor/oris
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hayward(s)
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misercordia/ae
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amercement(s)
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obolus/i
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halfpenny(ies)
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onus/eris
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charge(s) [in accounts]
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pena/ae
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pain/penalty
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pertinentia/ae
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appurtenance(s)
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perquisitum/i
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profit(s)
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peto/ere
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to claim
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prepositus/i
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reeve(s)
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presentatio/onis
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presentment(s)
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recepta/ae
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money(ies) received
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roda/ae
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rood(s) [measure of land]
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seisina/ae
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possession
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senescallus/i
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steward
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servicium/i
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service(s)
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solidus/i
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shilling(s)
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solvo/ere
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to pay
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tenens/entis
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tenant
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teneo/ere
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to hold
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tenura/ae
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tenure(s)
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vendico/are
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to claim
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vendo/ire
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to sell
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veredictum/i
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verdict(s)
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villanus/i
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villein(s)
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virgata/ae
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virgate(s)
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visus franciplegii
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view of frankpledge
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petivit admitti tenens
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he petitioned to be admitted tenant
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fregerunt assisiam panis et cervisie
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they broke the assize of bread and ale
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fecit finem pro ingressu
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he paid an entry fine
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secundum consuetudinem manerii
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according to the custom of the manor
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in manus domini
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into the hands of the lord
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omnia bene
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all is well
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ad opus et usus
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to the use and behoof
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de placito debiti
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in a plea of debt
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de placito transgressionis
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in a plea of trespass
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in plena curia
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in open court
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in propria persona sua
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in his own person
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in respectu ad proximam curiam
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adjourned until the next court
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summa totalis
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sum of the total
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