John Atherton

Contact

• workRoom Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Medical School
  Queen's Medical Centre
  Nottingham
  NG7 2UH
  UK
• work0115 823 1034
• fax0115 823 1409
• john.atherton@nottingham.ac.uk

Biography

Head of the School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. The School includes clinical and non-clinical staff working mainly in subject areas covered by hospital practice, including medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology and paediatrics

Co-Director, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit. This is a National Institute of Health Research-funded BRU within the Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre. It organises patient-based translational research in gastroenterology and hepatology, and focuses particularly on infections and post-infectious sequelae.

Active research leader in the field of Helicobacter pylori, peptic ulceration and gastric carcinogenesis. We concentrate on laboratory and translational research. Our laboratory group of about 15 researchers is based in the Centre for Biomolecular Science (CBS) and is led by myself, Dr. Karen Robinson and Dr. Rob Delahay.

Practising Clinical Gastroenterologist looking after a wide range of patients but concentrating on upper GI conditions and difficult peptic ulceration, including resistant H. pylori infection.

Chair of the United European Gastroenterology Federation Scientific Committee, responsible for delivering the yearly United European Digestive Diseases Week meeting, with about 12,000 participants.

Expertise Summary

I have research, teaching, clinical and leadership roles. My personal research skills are in molecular microbiology and translational patient-based research. My clinical skills are in a wide range of gastroenterological conditions, specialising in upper GI diseases and Helicobacter pylori infection.

Research Summary

My research focuses on the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori and on upper gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulceration and gastric cancer. I supervise both laboratory and clinical research.… read more

Selected Publications

• YIN, Y., GRABOWSKA, A.M., CLARKE, P.A., WHELBAND, E., ROBINSON, K., ARGENT, R.H., TOBIAS, A., KUMARI, R., ATHERTON, J.C. and WATSON, S.A., 2010. Helicobacter pylori potentiates epithelial:mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer: links to soluble HB-EGF, gastrin and matrix metalloproteinase-7 Gut. 59(8), 1037-1045

• View all publications

Current Research

My research focuses on the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori and on upper gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulceration and gastric cancer. I supervise both laboratory and clinical research. My personal expertise is in molecular microbiology and in translational research, but others in our group work on the immunology of infectious disease and on cellular bacteriology. Our main current interests are in H. pylori virulence factors and pathogenesis, H. pylori genetics, bacterial-cell interactions and signalling, H. pylori metabolism, and increasingly in the innate and acquired immune responses to H. pylori. An important feature of our research is that we focus on work which we believe will ultimately make a difference to patient care.

Future Research

Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis, the vacuolating cytotoxin, environmental and host determinants of virulence factor expression, genetic diversity, novel therapeutic targets, antibiotic delivery.

• YIN, Y., GRABOWSKA, A.M., CLARKE, P.A., WHELBAND, E., ROBINSON, K., ARGENT, R.H., TOBIAS, A., KUMARI, R., ATHERTON, J.C. and WATSON, S.A., 2010. Helicobacter pylori potentiates epithelial:mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer: links to soluble HB-EGF, gastrin and matrix metalloproteinase-7 Gut. 59(8), 1037-1045
• DOHERTY, N. C., SHEN, F., HALLIDAY, N. M., BARRETT, D. A., HARDIE, K. R., WINZER, K. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2010. Helicobacter pylori, LuxS is a key enzyme in cysteine provision through a reverse trassulfuration pathway Journal of Bacteriology. 192, 1184 - 1192
• SHEN, F., HOBLEY, L., DOHERTY, N., LOH, J.T., COVER, T.L., SOCKETT, R.E., HARDIE, K.R. and ATHERTON, J.C., 2010. In Helicobacter pylori auto-inducer-2, but not LuxS/MccAB catalysed reverse transsulphuration, regulates motility through modulation of flagellar gene transcription BMC Microbiology. 10, 210
• DOHERTY, N. C., SHEN, F., HALLIDAY, N. M., BARRETT, D. A., HARDIE, K. R., WINZER, K. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2010. In Helicobacter pylori, LuxS is a key enzyme in cysteine provision through a reverse transsulfuration pathway: J Bacteriol 192(5), 1184-92
• HUSSEIN, N.R., ARGENT, R.H., MARX, C.K., PATEL, S.R., ROBINSON, K. and ATHERTON, J.C., 2010. Helicobacter pylori dupA is polymorphic, and its active form induces proinflammatory cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells Journal of Infectious Diseases. 202(2), 261-269
• KHAMRI, W., WALKER, M. M., CLARK, P., ATHERTON, J. C., THURSZ, M. R., BAMFORD, K. B., LECHLER, R. I. and LOMBARDI, G., 2010. Helicobacter pylori stimulates dendritic cells to induce interleukin-17 expression from CD4+ T lymphocytes: Infect Immun 78(2), 845-53
• SHEN, F., HOBLEY, L., DOHERTY, N., LOH, J. T., COVER, T. L., SOCKETT, R. E., HARDIE, K. R. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2010. In Helicobacter pylori auto-inducer-2, but not LuxS/MccAB catalysed reverse transsulphuration, regulates motility through modulation of flagellar gene transcription: BMC Microbiol 10, 210
• YIN, Y., GRABOWSKA, A. M., CLARKE, P. A., WHELBAND, E., ROBINSON, K., ARGENT, R. H., TOBIAS, A., KUMARI, R., ATHERTON, J. C. and WATSON, S. A., 2010. Helicobacter pylori potentiates epithelial:mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer: links to soluble HB-EGF, gastrin and matrix metalloproteinase-7: Gut 59(8), 1037-45
• ATHERTON, J.C. and BLASER, M.J., 2009. Coadaptation of helicobacter pylori and humans: ancient history, modern implications: Journal of Clinical Investigation 119(9), 2475-2487
• BLYTHE, S. N., WOKOSIN, D., ATHERTON, J. F. and BEVAN, M. D., 2009. Cellular mechanisms underlying burst firing in substantia nigra dopamine neurons: J Neurosci 29(49), 15531-41
• DOHERTY, N. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2009. Human gastrin: a true growth factor for Helicobacter pylori?: Helicobacter 14(4), 303
• DOHERTY, N. C., TOBIAS, A., WATSON, S. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2009. The effect of the human gut-signalling hormone, norepinephrine, on the growth of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori: Helicobacter 14(3), 223-30
• HUSSEIN, N. R., NAPAKI, S. M. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2009. A study of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis patterns in Iraq and their association with strain virulence: Saudi J Gastroenterol 15(2), 125-7
• JACKSON, L., BRITTON, J., LEWIS, S. A., MCKEEVER, T. M., ATHERTON, J., FULLERTON, D. and FOGARTY, A. W., 2009. A population-based epidemiologic study of Helicobacter pylori infection and its association with systemic inflammation: Helicobacter 14(5), 108-13
• ARGENT, R. H., HALE, J. L., EL-OMAR, E. M. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2008. Differences in Helicobacter pylori CagA tyrosine phosphorylation motif patterns between western and East Asian strains, and influences on interleukin-8 secretion: J Med Microbiol 57(Pt 9), 1062-7
• ARGENT, R.H., THOMAS, R.J., AVILES-JIMENEZ, F., LETLEY, D.P., LIMB, M.C., EL-OMAR, E.M. and ATHERTON, J.C., 2008. Toxigenic Helicobacter pylori infection precedes gastric hypochlorhydria in cancer relatives, and H. pylori virulence evolves in these families Clinical Cancer Research: an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 14(7), 2227-2235
• ARGENT, R. H., THOMAS, R. J., LETLEY, D. P., RITTIG, M. G., HARDIE, K. R. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2008. Functional association between the Helicobacter pylori virulence factors VacA and CagA: J Med Microbiol 57(Pt 2), 145-50
• ATHERTON, J., 2008. Does Helicobacter pylori protect against oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and if so, how?: Clin Med 8(4), 420-2
• BASSO, D., ZAMBON, C.F., LETLEY, D.P., STRANGES, A., MARCHET, A., RHEAD, J.L., SCHIAVON, S., GUARISO, G., CEROTI, M., NITTI, D., RUGGE, M., PLEBANI, M. and ATHERTON, J.C., 2008. Clinical relevance of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA gene polymorphisms Gastroenterology. 135(1), 91-99
• DELAHAY, R. M., BALKWILL, G. D., BUNTING, K. A., EDWARDS, W., ATHERTON, J. C. and SEARLE, M. S., 2008. The highly repetitive region of the Helicobacter pylori CagY protein comprises tandem arrays of an alpha-helical repeat module: J Mol Biol 377(3), 956-71
• EDWARDS, L. J., ATHERTON, J. C., ZAITOUN, A. M. and CONSTANTINESCU, C. S., 2008. A case of dysphagia with clinically isolated syndrome: Mult Scler 14(5), 716-7
• HUSSEIN, N. R., MOHAMMADI, M., TALEBKHAN, Y., DORAGHI, M., LETLEY, D. P., MUHAMMAD, M. K., ARGENT, R. H. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2008. Differences in virulence markers between Helicobacter pylori strains from Iraq and those from Iran: potential importance of regional differences in H. pylori-associated disease: J Clin Microbiol 46(5), 1774-9
• HUSSEIN, N. R., ROBINSON, K. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2008. A study of age-specific Helicobacter pylori seropositivity rates in Iraq: Helicobacter 13(4), 306-7
• KAYE, P., ABDULLA, K., WOOD, J., JAMES, P., FOLEY, S., RAGUNATH, K. and ATHERTON, J., 2008. Iron-induced mucosal pathology of the upper gastrointestinal tract: a common finding in patients on oral iron therapy: Histopathology 53(3), 311-7
• KAYE, P.V., GARSED, K., RAGUNATH, K., JAWHARI, A., PICK, B. and ATHERTON, J.C., 2008. The clinical utility and diagnostic yield of routine gastric biopsies in the investigation of iron deficiency anemia: a case-control study American Journal of Gastroenterology. 103(11), 2883-2889
• KENNY, S., DUVAL, C., SAMMUT, S. J., STEELE, I., PRITCHARD, D. M., ATHERTON, J. C., ARGENT, R. H., DIMALINE, R., DOCKRAY, G. J. and VARRO, A., 2008. Increased expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator system by Helicobacter pylori in gastric epithelial cells: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295(3), G431-41
• ROBINSON, K., KENEFECK, R., PIDGEON, E. L., SHAKIB, S., PATEL, S., POLSON, R. J., ZAITOUN, A. M. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2008. Helicobacter pylori-induced peptic ulcer disease is associated with inadequate regulatory T cell responses: Gut 57(10), 1375-85
• TOBIN, N. P., HENEHAN, G. T., MURPHY, R. P., ATHERTON, J. C., GUINAN, A. F., KERRIGAN, S. W., COX, D., CAHILL, P. A. and CUMMINS, P. M., 2008. Helicobacter pylori-induced inhibition of vascular endothelial cell functions: a role for VacA-dependent nitric oxide reduction: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295(4), H1403-13
• ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, G. K., YAO, K., KAYE, P., FOGDEN, E., FORTUN, P., SHONDE, A., FOLEY, S., SUNIL, S., ATHERTON, J. J., HAWKEY, C. and RAGUNATH, K., 2007. High-resolution magnification endoscopy can reliably identify normal gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, and gastric atrophy: Endoscopy 39(3), 202-7
• ARGENT, R. H., BURETTE, A., MIENDJE DEYI, V. Y. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2007. The presence of dupA in Helicobacter pylori is not significantly associated with duodenal ulceration in Belgium, South Africa, China, or North America: Clin Infect Dis 45(9), 1204-6
• CORCORAN, P. A., ATHERTON, J. C., KERRIGAN, S. W., WADSTROM, T., MURRAY, F. E., PEEK, R. M., FITZGERALD, D. J., COX, D. M. and BYRNE, M. F., 2007. The effect of different strains of Helicobacter pylori on platelet aggregation: Can J Gastroenterol 21(6), 367-70
• REYES-LEON, A., ATHERTON, J. C., ARGENT, R. H., PUENTE, J. L. and TORRES, J., 2007. Heterogeneity in the activity of Mexican Helicobacter pylori strains in gastric epithelial cells and its association with diversity in the cagA gene: Infect Immun 75(7), 3445-54
• RHEAD, J. L., LETLEY, D. P., MOHAMMADI, M., HUSSEIN, N., MOHAGHEGHI, M. A., ESHAGH HOSSEINI, M. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2007. A new Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin determinant, the intermediate region, is associated with gastric cancer: Gastroenterology 133(3), 926-36
• ROBINSON, K., ARGENT, R. H. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2007. The inflammatory and immune response to Helicobacter pylori infection: Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 21(2), 237-59
• SALAMA, N. R., GONZALEZ-VALENCIA, G., DEATHERAGE, B., AVILES-JIMENEZ, F., ATHERTON, J. C., GRAHAM, D. Y. and TORRES, J., 2007. Genetic analysis of Helicobacter pylori strain populations colonizing the stomach at different times postinfection: J Bacteriol 189(10), 3834-45
• ATHERTON, J. C., 2006. The pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastro-duodenal diseases: Annu Rev Pathol 1, 63-96
• BEBB, J. R., LEACH, L., ZAITOUN, A., HAND, N., LETLEY, D. P., THOMAS, R. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2006. Effects of Helicobacter pylori on the cadherin-catenin complex: J Clin Pathol 59(12), 1261-6
• BOUGHAN, P. K., ARGENT, R. H., BODY-MALAPEL, M., PARK, J. H., EWINGS, K. E., BOWIE, A. G., ONG, S. J., COOK, S. J., SORENSEN, O. E., MANZO, B. A., INOHARA, N., KLEIN, N. J., NUNEZ, G., ATHERTON, J. C. and BAJAJ-ELLIOTT, M., 2006. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-1 and epidermal growth factor receptor: critical regulators of beta-defensins during Helicobacter pylori infection: J Biol Chem 281(17), 11637-48
• DICKSON, J. H., GRABOWSKA, A., EL-ZAATARI, M., ATHERTON, J. and WATSON, S. A., 2006. Helicobacter pylori can induce heparin-binding epidermal growth factor expression via gastrin and its receptor: Cancer Res 66(15), 7524-31
• DU, M. Q. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2006. Molecular subtyping of gastric MALT lymphomas: implications for prognosis and management: Gut 55(6), 886-93
• FOWLER, M., THOMAS, R. J., ATHERTON, J., ROBERTS, I. S. and HIGH, N. J., 2006. Galectin-3 binds to Helicobacter pylori O-antigen: it is upregulated and rapidly secreted by gastric epithelial cells in response to H. pylori adhesion: Cell Microbiol 8(1), 44-54
• LETLEY, D. P., RHEAD, J. L., BISHOP, K. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2006. Paired cysteine residues are required for high levels of the Helicobacter pylori autotransporter VacA: Microbiology 152(Pt 5), 1319-25
• OLIVEIRA, M. J., COSTA, A. C., COSTA, A. M., HENRIQUES, L., SURIANO, G., ATHERTON, J. C., MACHADO, J. C., CARNEIRO, F., SERUCA, R., MAREEL, M., LEROY, A. and FIGUEIREDO, C., 2006. Helicobacter pylori induces gastric epithelial cell invasion in a c-Met and type IV secretion system-dependent manner: J Biol Chem 281(46), 34888-96
• ARGENT, R. H., ZHANG, Y. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2005. Simple method for determination of the number of Helicobacter pylori CagA variable-region EPIYA tyrosine phosphorylation motifs by PCR: J Clin Microbiol 43(2), 791-5
• ATHERTON, J. C., 2005. Can peptic ulcers be healed with 7 days of proton-pump-inhibitor-based triple therapy?: Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(8), 346-7
• FITCHEN, N., LETLEY, D. P., O'SHEA, P., ATHERTON, J. C., WILLIAMS, P. and HARDIE, K. R., 2005. All subtypes of the cytotoxin VacA adsorb to the surface of Helicobacter pylori post-secretion: J Med Microbiol 54(Pt 7), 621-30
• ZHANG, Y., ARGENT, R. H., LETLEY, D. P., THOMAS, R. J. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2005. Tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA from Chinese Helicobacter pylori isolates in AGS gastric epithelial cells: J Clin Microbiol 43(2), 786-90
• ARGENT, R. H., KIDD, M., OWEN, R. J., THOMAS, R. J., LIMB, M. C. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2004. Determinants and consequences of different levels of CagA phosphorylation for clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori: Gastroenterology 127(2), 514-23
• ARGENT, R. H., MCGARR, C. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2004. Brefeldin A enhances Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin-induced vacuolation of epithelial cells: FEMS Microbiol Lett 237(1), 163-70
• AVILES-JIMENEZ, F., LETLEY, D. P., GONZALEZ-VALENCIA, G., SALAMA, N., TORRES, J. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2004. Evolution of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin in a human stomach: J Bacteriol 186(15), 5182-5
• BLASER, M. J. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2004. Helicobacter pylori persistence: biology and disease: J Clin Invest 113(3), 321-33
• PEARCE, H. R., KALIA, N., BARDHAN, K. D., ATHERTON, J. C. and BROWN, N. J., 2004. Effects of Helicobacter pylori on endothelial cell proliferation and chemotaxis: Digestion 69(4), 201-10
• BEBB, J. R., BAILEY-FLITTER, N., ALA'ALDEEN, D. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2003. Mastic gum has no effect on Helicobacter pylori load in vivo: J Antimicrob Chemother 52(3), 522-3
• BEBB, J. R., LETLEY, D. P., RHEAD, J. L. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2003. Helicobacter pylori supernatants cause epithelial cytoskeletal disruption that is bacterial strain and epithelial cell line dependent but not toxin VacA dependent: Infect Immun 71(6), 3623-7
• BEBB, J. R., LETLEY, D. P., THOMAS, R. J., AVILES, F., COLLINS, H. M., WATSON, S. A., HAND, N. M., ZAITOUN, A. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2003. Helicobacter pylori upregulates matrilysin (MMP-7) in epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro in a Cag dependent manner: Gut 52(10), 1408-13
• BYRNE, M. F., KERRIGAN, S. W., CORCORAN, P. A., ATHERTON, J. C., MURRAY, F. E., FITZGERALD, D. J. and COX, D. M., 2003. Helicobacter pylori binds von Willebrand factor and interacts with GPIb to induce platelet aggregation: Gastroenterology 124(7), 1846-54
• BYRNE, M. F., MURPHY, J. F., CORCORAN, P. A., ATHERTON, J. C., SHEEHAN, K. M., COX, D., MURRAY, F. E. and FITZGERALD, D. J., 2003. Helicobacter pylori induces cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in vascular endothelial cells: Scand J Gastroenterol 38(10), 1023-30
• HAWKEY, C. J., ATHERTON, J. C., TREICHEL, H. C., THJODLEIFSSON, B. and RAVIC, M., 2003. Safety and efficacy of 7-day rabeprazole- and omeprazole-based triple therapy regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with documented peptic ulcer disease: Aliment Pharmacol Ther 17(8), 1065-74
• LETLEY, D. P., RHEAD, J. L., TWELLS, R. J., DOVE, B. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2003. Determinants of non-toxicity in the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori: J Biol Chem 278(29), 26734-41
• QIAO, W., HU, J. L., XIAO, B., WU, K. C., PENG, D. R., ATHERTON, J. C. and XUE, H., 2003. cagA and vacA genotype of Helicobacter pylori associated with gastric diseases in Xi'an area: World J Gastroenterol 9(8), 1762-6
• RITTIG, M. G., SHAW, B., LETLEY, D. P., THOMAS, R. J., ARGENT, R. H. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2003. Helicobacter pylori-induced homotypic phagosome fusion in human monocytes is independent of the bacterial vacA and cag status: Cell Microbiol 5(12), 887-99
• SCOTT, I. A., DENARO, C. P., FLORES, J. L., BENNETT, C. J., HICKEY, A. C., MUDGE, A. M. and ATHERTON, J., 2003. Quality of care of patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure: Intern Med J 33(4), 140-51
• ATHERTON, J. C., 2002. The chips are down for Helicobacter pylori: Gut 50(3), 293-4
• BYRNE, M. F., CORCORAN, P. A., ATHERTON, J. C., SHEEHAN, K. M., MURRAY, F. E., FITZGERALD, D. J. and MURPHY, J. F., 2002. Stimulation of adhesion molecule expression by Helicobacter pylori and increased neutrophil adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells: FEBS Lett 532(3), 411-4
• JENKINSON, L., BARDHAN, K. D., ATHERTON, J. and KALIA, N., 2002. Helicobacter pylori prevents proliferative stage of angiogenesis in vitro: role of cytokines: Dig Dis Sci 47(8), 1857-62
• KALIA, N., BARDHAN, K. D., ATHERTON, J. C. and BROWN, N. J., 2002. Toxigenic Helicobacter pylori induces changes in the gastric mucosal microcirculation in rats: Gut 51(5), 641-7
• SHERWOOD, P. V., WIBAWA, J. I., ATHERTON, J. C., JORDAN, N., JENKINS, D., BARRETT, D. A., SHAW, P. N. and SPILLER, R. C., 2002. Impact of acid secretion, gastritis, and mucus thickness on gastric transfer of antibiotics in rats: Gut 51(4), 490-5
• STACK, W. A., ATHERTON, J. C., HAWKEY, G. M., LOGAN, R. F. and HAWKEY, C. J., 2002. Interactions between Helicobacter pylori and other risk factors for peptic ulcer bleeding: Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16(3), 497-506
• ISRAEL, D. A., SALAMA, N., KRISHNA, U., RIEGER, U. M., ATHERTON, J. C., FALKOW, S. and PEEK, R. M., JR., 2001. Helicobacter pylori genetic diversity within the gastric niche of a single human host: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(25), 14625-30
• KALIA, N., JONES, C., BARDHAN, D. K., REED, M. W., ATHERTON, J. C. and BROWN, N. J., 2001. Effects of genotypically different strains of Helicobacter pylori on human microvascular endothelial cells in vitro: Dig Dis Sci 46(1), 54-61
• KIDD, M., ATHERTON, J. C., LASTOVICA, A. J. and LOUW, J. A., 2001. Clustering of South African Helicobacter pylori isolates from peptic ulcer disease patients is demonstrated by repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR fingerprinting: J Clin Microbiol 39(5), 1833-9
• KIDD, M., LASTOVICA, A. J., ATHERTON, J. C. and LOUW, J. A., 2001. Conservation of the cag pathogenicity island is associated with vacA alleles and gastroduodenal disease in South African Helicobacter pylori isolates: Gut 49(1), 11-7
• THAM, K. T., PEEK, R. M., JR., ATHERTON, J. C., COVER, T. L., PEREZ-PEREZ, G. I., SHYR, Y. and BLASER, M. J., 2001. Helicobacter pylori genotypes, host factors, and gastric mucosal histopathology in peptic ulcer disease: Hum Pathol 32(3), 264-73
• ATHERTON, J. C., 2000. CagA: a role at last: Gut 47(3), 330-1
• ATHERTON, J. C., 2000. Mycophenolate mofetil for Crohn's disease: Gut 46(5), 740-1
• ATHERTON, J. C. and WIGHT, N. J., 2000. H. pylori and risk of ulcer bleeding among users of NSAIDS: Gastroenterology 118(2), 451-2
• DANESH, J., WHINCUP, P., WALKER, M., LENNON, L., THOMSON, A., APPLEBY, P., HAWKEY, C. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2000. High prevalence of potentially virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori in the general male British population: Gut 47(1), 23-5
• GONZALEZ-VALENCIA, G., ATHERTON, J. C., MUNOZ, O., DEHESA, M., LA GARZA, A. M. and TORRES, J., 2000. Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA genotypes in Mexican adults and children: J Infect Dis 182(5), 1450-4
• JI, X., FERNANDEZ, T., BURRONI, D., PAGLIACCIA, C., ATHERTON, J. C., REYRAT, J. M., RAPPUOLI, R. and TELFORD, J. L., 2000. Cell specificity of Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin is determined by a short region in the polymorphic midregion: Infect Immun 68(6), 3754-7
• LAFAY, B., ATHERTON, J. C. and SHARP, P. M., 2000. Absence of translationally selected synonymous codon usage bias in Helicobacter pylori: Microbiology 146 ( Pt 4), 851-60
• LETLEY, D. P. and ATHERTON, J. C., 2000. Natural diversity in the N terminus of the mature vacuolating cytotoxin of Helicobacter pylori determines cytotoxin activity: J Bacteriol 182(11), 3278-80
• TORRES, J., PEREZ-PEREZ, G., GOODMAN, K. J., ATHERTON, J. C., GOLD, B. D., HARRIS, P. R., LA GARZA, A. M., GUARNER, J. and MUNOZ, O., 2000. A comprehensive review of the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: Arch Med Res 31(5), 431-69
• WHINCUP, P., DANESH, J., WALKER, M., LENNON, L., THOMSON, A., APPLEBY, P., HAWKEY, C. and ATHERTON, J., 2000. Prospective study of potentially virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori and coronary heart disease in middle-aged men: Circulation 101(14), 1647-52
• ATHERTON, J. C., 1999. MRCP and the diagnosis of suspected bile duct obstruction: Gut 44(5), 765
• ATHERTON, J. C., 1999. CagA, the cag pathogenicity island and Helicobacter pylori virulence: Gut 44(3), 307-8
• ATHERTON, J. C., COVER, T. L., TWELLS, R. J., MORALES, M. R., HAWKEY, C. J. and BLASER, M. J., 1999. Simple and accurate PCR-based system for typing vacuolating cytotoxin alleles of Helicobacter pylori: J Clin Microbiol 37(9), 2979-82
• ATHERTON, J. C., SHARP, P. M., COVER, T. L., GONZALEZ-VALENCIA, G., PEEK, R. M., JR., THOMPSON, S. A., HAWKEY, C. J. and BLASER, M. J., 1999. Vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) alleles of Helicobacter pylori comprise two geographically widespread types, m1 and m2, and have evolved through limited recombination: Curr Microbiol 39(4), 211-8
• KIDD, M., LASTOVICA, A. J., ATHERTON, J. C. and LOUW, J. A., 1999. Heterogeneity in the Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA genes: association with gastroduodenal disease in South Africa?: Gut 45(4), 499-502
• LETLEY, D. P., LASTOVICA, A., LOUW, J. A., HAWKEY, C. J. and ATHERTON, J. C., 1999. Allelic diversity of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin gene in South Africa: rarity of the vacA s1a genotype and natural occurrence of an s2/m1 allele: J Clin Microbiol 37(4), 1203-5
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