In prin]]> Laboratory experiments have shown that, under the conditions in the catalytic converter, the decomposition of NO to O₂ and N₂ over noble metal catalysts is too slow to be significant. When the A/F ratio is stoichiometric (or below stoichiometry), NO can be removed by reduction with CO and/or hydrocarbons. For simplicity we shall consider only reduction with CO, as with the oxidation reaction, the situation with hydrocarbons is considerably more complicated.

In prin]]> This unit is the third in a series of three on Animals at the extreme. In order to get the most from it you should have previously studiedAnimals at the extreme: the desert environment (S324_1)andAnimals at the extreme: hibernation and torpor

This unit is from our archive and is an adapted extract from Animal physiology (S324) which is no longer taught by The Open University. If you want to study formally with us, you may wish to explore other courses we offer in <]]> This unit is the third in a series of three on Animals at the extreme. In order to get the most from it you should have previously studiedAnimals at the extreme: the desert environment (S324_1)andAnimals at the extreme: hibernation and torpor

This unit is from our archive and is an adapted extract from Animal physiology (S324) which is no longer taught by The Open University. If you want to study formally with us, you may wish to explore other courses we offer in <]]> This unit is about animals' structural and physiological adaptations to living permanently in cold climates; hibernation, a special response to transient or seasonal cold, is described in the openlearn unitAnimals at the extremes: hibernation and torpor (S324_2). Living in a polar climate involves adaptations of many physiological systems: appetite, diet, energy storage and reproductive habits as well as thermoregulation. In many cases, such changes involve ‘ordinary’ physio]]> This unit is about animals' structural and physiological adaptations to living permanently in cold climates; hibernation, a special response to transient or seasonal cold, is described in the openlearn unitAnimals at the extremes: hibernation and torpor (S324_2). Living in a polar climate involves adaptations of many physiological systems: appetite, diet, energy storage and reproductive habits as well as thermoregulation. In many cases, such changes involve ‘ordinary’ physio]]> As pointed out in Section 1.1, primary plant productivity occurs for only a few months in the summer, so the reproductive physiology of most arctic animals, particularly herbivorous species, is tightly synchronized with the seasons. On Svalbard (Figure 2b), more than 90% of the reindeer fawns are born in the first week of J]]> As pointed out in Section 1.1, primary plant productivity occurs for only a few months in the summer, so the reproductive physiology of most arctic animals, particularly herbivorous species, is tightly synchronized with the seasons. On Svalbard (Figure 2b), more than 90% of the reindeer fawns are born in the first week of J]]>