<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:cc="http://web.resource.org/cc/"><channel><title>Xpert - 25 Most recent items matching the search terms - </title><link>http://www.pat.com</link><description>This RSS feed contains the 25 most recently submitted items from Xpert, matching the search terms - </description><generator>Xpert</generator><language>en-gb</language><copyright>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ </copyright><dc:publisher>Xpert</dc:publisher><cc:license></cc:license><item><title><![CDATA[Getalbeelden tot twintig]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[Getalbeelden tot twintig]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.klascement.net/docs/39583/]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.klascement.net/docs/39583/]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<img align="left" alt="getalbeeld.JPG" src="http://www.klascement.net/files/3/9/5/8/3/l/getalbeeld.JPG" style="border:1px solid #AAA; margin: 0 5px 5px 0; padding:1px;" /><p>In deze bijdrage vind je alle getalbeelden tot twintig. Je kan ze gebruiken als wandkaarten.</p>]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<img align="left" alt="getalbeeld.JPG" src="http://www.klascement.net/files/3/9/5/8/3/l/getalbeeld.JPG" style="border:1px solid #AAA; margin: 0 5px 5px 0; padding:1px;" /><p>In deze bijdrage vind je alle getalbeelden tot twintig. Je kan ze gebruiken als wandkaarten.</p>]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[Workshops in End-of-Life Training for Health Professionals in Children's Hospitals]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[Workshops in End-of-Life Training for Health Professionals in Children's Hospitals]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.oercommons.org/courses/workshops-in-end-of-life-training-for-health-professionals-in-children-s-hospitals]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.oercommons.org/courses/workshops-in-end-of-life-training-for-health-professionals-in-children-s-hospitals]]></guid><description><![CDATA[This series of workshops provides skills to pediatric physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists and other health professionals that will improve their ability care for pediatric patients who are dying in the hospital. We have developed three workshops which each take about 90 minutes.  These workshops feature videos of simulated doctor/patient interactions, worksheets, self-evaluations, and more. Click the "Sessions" tab for a complete view of the content for each workshop.   We are working thi]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[This series of workshops provides skills to pediatric physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists and other health professionals that will improve their ability care for pediatric patients who are dying in the hospital. We have developed three workshops which each take about 90 minutes.  These workshops feature videos of simulated doctor/patient interactions, worksheets, self-evaluations, and more. Click the "Sessions" tab for a complete view of the content for each workshop.   We are working thi]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[1.2 Law and context]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[1.2 Law and context]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/the-law/company-law-context/content_section_1.2]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/the-law/company-law-context/content_section_1.2]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>The law relating to businesses, which includes company law, is a highly practical subject because of the areas which it covers. You may in fact already have experience of this if you are in business; in addition or alternatively, you may be a shareholder in a company, or have lent money to one.</p><p>All students and practitioners of these areas of law therefore need to have a good understanding of how they actually work in practice, as well as the commercial, political, economic and social c]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>The law relating to businesses, which includes company law, is a highly practical subject because of the areas which it covers. You may in fact already have experience of this if you are in business; in addition or alternatively, you may be a shareholder in a company, or have lent money to one.</p><p>All students and practitioners of these areas of law therefore need to have a good understanding of how they actually work in practice, as well as the commercial, political, economic and social c]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[7.1 Introduction]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[7.1 Introduction]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/science/physics-and-astronomy/the-big-bang/content_section_7.1]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/science/physics-and-astronomy/the-big-bang/content_section_7.1]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>So far we have presented two pieces of evidence pointing to the occurrence of a big bang: the redshift of the galaxies (indicating the continuing expansion of the Universe), and the 3 K radiation (the remnant of the primordial radiation). But there is a third imprint such a big bang ought to have left on our present-day world. We cannot at this juncture trace out the full sequence of events following the instant of the big bang (that can only be done after we have worked through the next two ]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>So far we have presented two pieces of evidence pointing to the occurrence of a big bang: the redshift of the galaxies (indicating the continuing expansion of the Universe), and the 3 K radiation (the remnant of the primordial radiation). But there is a third imprint such a big bang ought to have left on our present-day world. We cannot at this juncture trace out the full sequence of events following the instant of the big bang (that can only be done after we have worked through the next two ]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[2.3 Mia's first birthday]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[2.3 Mia's first birthday]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/body-mind/childhood-youth/early-years/understanding-children-babies-being-heard/content_section_2.3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/body-mind/childhood-youth/early-years/understanding-children-babies-being-heard/content_section_2.3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>It is Mia's first birthday. After a birthday tea and before her bedtime the Family sit down with their photograph albums and watch a video made around the time of her birth. The Family look back to that time and share their experiences of birth and what they noticed she could do.</p><div class="
            oucontent-activity
           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box " id="act003"><div class="oucontent-outer-box"><h2 class="oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber">Activity 3: Mia's birth</h2><]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>It is Mia's first birthday. After a birthday tea and before her bedtime the Family sit down with their photograph albums and watch a video made around the time of her birth. The Family look back to that time and share their experiences of birth and what they noticed she could do.</p><div class="
            oucontent-activity
           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box " id="act003"><div class="oucontent-outer-box"><h2 class="oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber">Activity 3: Mia's birth</h2><]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[References]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[References]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/models-and-modelling/content_section___references]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/models-and-modelling/content_section___references]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<div class="oucontent-referenceitem">Michael Jackson, <i>Software Requirements & Specifications</i>, Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0–201–87712–0.</div>
<div class="oucontent-referenceitem"></div>
<div class="oucontent-referenceitem">Suzanne Robertson and James Robertson, <i>Mastering the Requirements Process</i>, Addison-Wesley, second edition, 2006. ISBN 0–321–41949–9</div>]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<div class="oucontent-referenceitem">Michael Jackson, <i>Software Requirements & Specifications</i>, Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0–201–87712–0.</div>
<div class="oucontent-referenceitem"></div>
<div class="oucontent-referenceitem">Suzanne Robertson and James Robertson, <i>Mastering the Requirements Process</i>, Addison-Wesley, second edition, 2006. ISBN 0–321–41949–9</div>]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[6.5 Classes]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[6.5 Classes]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/software-development-enterprise-systems/content_section_6.5]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/software-development-enterprise-systems/content_section_6.5]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>In the hotel system, each room is different and may have a different occupant. However all rooms are the same in that each has a room name and a rate, for example, and each may have an occupant. If something did not have a room name and a rate, it would not count as a hotel room. Thus we generally talk about objects in terms of general classifications. Instead of repeatedly saying that the objects representing rooms 201 and 302 have names, can be ensuite or not and have a rate, we define the ]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>In the hotel system, each room is different and may have a different occupant. However all rooms are the same in that each has a room name and a rate, for example, and each may have an occupant. If something did not have a room name and a rate, it would not count as a hotel room. Thus we generally talk about objects in terms of general classifications. Instead of repeatedly saying that the objects representing rooms 201 and 302 have names, can be ensuite or not and have a rate, we define the ]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[7.3 Components]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[7.3 Components]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/software-development-enterprise-systems/content_section_7.3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/software-development-enterprise-systems/content_section_7.3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>The term <b>component</b> has been used since software engineering emerged as a discipline in 1968, and it reflects the analogy with other engineering disciplines. Like electronic devices that have pins and are connected with wires, software components are seen as independent software artefacts that can be used unchanged to build larger systems.</p><p>In most systems, it is usually easy to identify parts that are common to a number of applications. Each system may itself be considered a set o]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>The term <b>component</b> has been used since software engineering emerged as a discipline in 1968, and it reflects the analogy with other engineering disciplines. Like electronic devices that have pins and are connected with wires, software components are seen as independent software artefacts that can be used unchanged to build larger systems.</p><p>In most systems, it is usually easy to identify parts that are common to a number of applications. Each system may itself be considered a set o]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[2.2 Evaluating web resources]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[2.2 Evaluating web resources]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_2.2]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_2.2]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>One of the good things about the Web is also one of its drawbacks – anybody can publish anything. This means that the Web is an amasing source of information and is full of fascinating resources.</p><p>However, in order to get to useful information you may have to work your way through lots of irrelevant material. Even when you think you have found something relevant, how do you know it is reliable, and how can you judge the quality, accuracy and bias of what you find?</p><p>Most publicatio]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>One of the good things about the Web is also one of its drawbacks – anybody can publish anything. This means that the Web is an amasing source of information and is full of fascinating resources.</p><p>However, in order to get to useful information you may have to work your way through lots of irrelevant material. Even when you think you have found something relevant, how do you know it is reliable, and how can you judge the quality, accuracy and bias of what you find?</p><p>Most publicatio]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.1 Introduction]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.1 Introduction]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.1]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.1]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Working with others online requires some skills that are not always obvious when you first start using email and computer conferencing.</p><p>Here are some basic rules of good practice about Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) that we recommend to all students when they begin using conferencing. These are collectively known as ‘netiquette’.</p>]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Working with others online requires some skills that are not always obvious when you first start using email and computer conferencing.</p><p>Here are some basic rules of good practice about Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) that we recommend to all students when they begin using conferencing. These are collectively known as ‘netiquette’.</p>]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.2 Netiquette]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.2 Netiquette]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Work through the following material on ‘netiquette’ and then try the quiz at the end of the section.</p>]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Work through the following material on ‘netiquette’ and then try the quiz at the end of the section.</p>]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.2.1 Introduction]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.2.1 Introduction]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2.1]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2.1]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Netiquette is the unwritten rules of good behaviour online. Although the principles are similar to face-to-face conversation, the limitations of a text-based medium mean you have to learn new techniques. Other people can't see the expression on your face or hear your voice, so it is what you write that sets the tone of the conversation.</p>]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Netiquette is the unwritten rules of good behaviour online. Although the principles are similar to face-to-face conversation, the limitations of a text-based medium mean you have to learn new techniques. Other people can't see the expression on your face or hear your voice, so it is what you write that sets the tone of the conversation.</p>]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.2.7 Some other advice]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.2.7 Some other advice]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2.7]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-technology-news/content_section_4.2.7]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li>
<p>Keep to the subject, and pick the right conference for your contribution.</p>
</li><li>
<p>Before you write a message, take time to see what is being discussed and how. Lurking is quite acceptable online.</p>
</li><li>
<p> Keep messages short. People don't want to read large chunks of text on-screen.</p>
</li><li>
<p>Write a good subject line (title) for your message – people often haven't time to read messages unless the subject line looks relevant.</p>
]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li>
<p>Keep to the subject, and pick the right conference for your contribution.</p>
</li><li>
<p>Before you write a message, take time to see what is being discussed and how. Lurking is quite acceptable online.</p>
</li><li>
<p> Keep messages short. People don't want to read large chunks of text on-screen.</p>
</li><li>
<p>Write a good subject line (title) for your message – people often haven't time to read messages unless the subject line looks relevant.</p>
]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[3 What's going on with eBay]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[3 What's going on with eBay]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-online-shopping/conten/content_section_3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-online-shopping/conten/content_section_3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>eBay is a huge database with a Web interface. (A database is a collection of information organised in such a way that a computer program can quickly retrieve desired pieces of data.) The database is continually being updated as people add items, and bid for them, and as auctions open and close. The software includes database software and web-serving software and runs on a large cluster of powerful servers. It is a formidably complex system and although eBay had some teething problems in its e]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>eBay is a huge database with a Web interface. (A database is a collection of information organised in such a way that a computer program can quickly retrieve desired pieces of data.) The database is continually being updated as people add items, and bid for them, and as auctions open and close. The software includes database software and web-serving software and runs on a large cluster of powerful servers. It is a formidably complex system and although eBay had some teething problems in its e]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[5 Online shopping &#x2013; a beginner's guide]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[5 Online shopping &#x2013; a beginner's guide]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-online-shopping/conten/content_section_5]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-online-shopping/conten/content_section_5]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Buying goods and services online used to be a minority activity – the preserve of the geeks and the ‘early adopters’ who are willing to try anything new. But in the last few years, online shopping has become a mainstream activity. In January 2003, the Office of National Statistics reported that online shopping accounted for 6 per cent of all UK retail shopping expenditure. The same source reported that UK businesses sold £23.3 billion-worth of goods and services over the Internet in 20]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Buying goods and services online used to be a minority activity – the preserve of the geeks and the ‘early adopters’ who are willing to try anything new. But in the last few years, online shopping has become a mainstream activity. In January 2003, the Office of National Statistics reported that online shopping accounted for 6 per cent of all UK retail shopping expenditure. The same source reported that UK businesses sold £23.3 billion-worth of goods and services over the Internet in 20]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[Acknowledgements]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[Acknowledgements]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-keeping-it-safe/conten/content_section___acknowledgements]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/living-the-internet-keeping-it-safe/conten/content_section___acknowledgements]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see <a class="oucontent-hyperlink" href="http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions">terms and conditions</a>), this content is made available under a <a class="oucontent-hyperlink" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</a></p><p>Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material within this product.</p><h2 class="ouco]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see <a class="oucontent-hyperlink" href="http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions">terms and conditions</a>), this content is made available under a <a class="oucontent-hyperlink" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</a></p><p>Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material within this product.</p><h2 class="ouco]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[5.3 Accessibility]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[5.3 Accessibility]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-e-government/content_section_5.3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-e-government/content_section_5.3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>In Section 5.1 you assessed the usability of <a class="oucontent-crossref" href="http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-e-government/content_section_5.1#fig001_011">Figure 11</a>, the noticeboard in a public park. For a visually impaired person, that noticeboard might not be usable at all, as you may have commented. This raises the issue of <b>accessibility</b>. Accessibility relates to how well a service is ada]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>In Section 5.1 you assessed the usability of <a class="oucontent-crossref" href="http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/icts-e-government/content_section_5.1#fig001_011">Figure 11</a>, the noticeboard in a public park. For a visually impaired person, that noticeboard might not be usable at all, as you may have commented. This raises the issue of <b>accessibility</b>. Accessibility relates to how well a service is ada]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[9 A stand-alone computer]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[9 A stand-alone computer]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/introducing-ict-systems/content_section_9]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/computing-and-ict/information-and-communication-technologies/introducing-ict-systems/content_section_9]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>The computer you are using for your studies is called a <b>personal computer</b> or PC. Although you have an internet connection for use in this course, your computer can probably also be used as a stand-alone computer. Your PC may be a <b>desktop computer</b> or a <b>notebook computer</b> (sometimes known as a <b>laptop computer)</b>. Usually a desktop computer comes with separate devices such as a monitor, a keyboard, a mouse and speakers and it runs on mains electricity. Notebook computers]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>The computer you are using for your studies is called a <b>personal computer</b> or PC. Although you have an internet connection for use in this course, your computer can probably also be used as a stand-alone computer. Your PC may be a <b>desktop computer</b> or a <b>notebook computer</b> (sometimes known as a <b>laptop computer)</b>. Usually a desktop computer comes with separate devices such as a monitor, a keyboard, a mouse and speakers and it runs on mains electricity. Notebook computers]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[2.2 Summary]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[2.2 Summary]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_2.2]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_2.2]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Social scientists need to stand back, to view common sense or ‘what everybody knows’ from the perspective of a stranger. Common sense about social problems such as poverty involves a process of social construction, drawing on a repository or storeroom of underlying theories and assumptions. Common sense has been built up over time, carrying with it traces of earlier understandings which are also brought into discussions of new issues and debates. Common sense is itself divided, reflecting]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Social scientists need to stand back, to view common sense or ‘what everybody knows’ from the perspective of a stranger. Common sense about social problems such as poverty involves a process of social construction, drawing on a repository or storeroom of underlying theories and assumptions. Common sense has been built up over time, carrying with it traces of earlier understandings which are also brought into discussions of new issues and debates. Common sense is itself divided, reflecting]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[3.1 Competing explanations of social problems]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[3.1 Competing explanations of social problems]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.1]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.1]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>If we can agree that poverty is a social problem, we are led to another question: what sort of social problem is it? For some, it is a social problem because people should not be poor: it involves social injustice. For others, poverty is a social problem because poor people behave badly (or bring up children poorly): it involves social disorder. We therefore have another parting of the ways, with some believing that social justice requires poor people to become less poor, and others believing]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>If we can agree that poverty is a social problem, we are led to another question: what sort of social problem is it? For some, it is a social problem because people should not be poor: it involves social injustice. For others, poverty is a social problem because poor people behave badly (or bring up children poorly): it involves social disorder. We therefore have another parting of the ways, with some believing that social justice requires poor people to become less poor, and others believing]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[3.3 Poverty as the result of poor people]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[3.3 Poverty as the result of poor people]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>The second cluster of common-sense ideas about poverty centre around the theme that the character and behaviour of some types of people causes them to be poor. Such people are in some way ‘flawed’. There may, of course, be different types of flaw, but poor people are distinguished from the rest of ‘us’ by some characteristic that makes ‘them’ poor. This might be their moral character (they are lazy, shiftless, workshy); it might be their abilities or capacities (they cannot budget]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>The second cluster of common-sense ideas about poverty centre around the theme that the character and behaviour of some types of people causes them to be poor. Such people are in some way ‘flawed’. There may, of course, be different types of flaw, but poor people are distinguished from the rest of ‘us’ by some characteristic that makes ‘them’ poor. This might be their moral character (they are lazy, shiftless, workshy); it might be their abilities or capacities (they cannot budget]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[3.5 Social science approaches]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[3.5 Social science approaches]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.5]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.5]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>So far we have looked at three more developed discussions of some of the basic propositions about poverty that we considered in section 2. These three examples could be multiplied: there is a variety of explanations of poverty that we could have used. However, these three allow us to reflect a little on the relationship between social science discussions of social problems and common-sense understandings. It is worth starting with some of the differences.</p><ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>So far we have looked at three more developed discussions of some of the basic propositions about poverty that we considered in section 2. These three examples could be multiplied: there is a variety of explanations of poverty that we could have used. However, these three allow us to reflect a little on the relationship between social science discussions of social problems and common-sense understandings. It is worth starting with some of the differences.</p><ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[3.6 Summary]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[3.6 Summary]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.6]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_3.6]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>Three explanations of poverty developed by social scientists have been considered. The first sees poverty as natural or inevitable, the second focuses on the behaviour of poor people, while the third analyses poverty as the result of economic or political processes. Considering these explanations makes it possible to draw some conclusions about the social science approach to social problems:</p><ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li>
<p>It relies on arguments making causal claims, rather than ass]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>Three explanations of poverty developed by social scientists have been considered. The first sees poverty as natural or inevitable, the second focuses on the behaviour of poor people, while the third analyses poverty as the result of economic or political processes. Considering these explanations makes it possible to draw some conclusions about the social science approach to social problems:</p><ul class="oucontent-bulleted"><li>
<p>It relies on arguments making causal claims, rather than ass]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.1 Natural/social]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.1 Natural/social]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_4.1]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_4.1]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>In the previous section we looked at the issue of competing explanations of social problems. Here we want to take a rather different approach by starting from one of the major dividing lines between different types of explanation. These dividing lines are ones that recur in the definition, interpretation and explanation of a range of social issues: for example, patterns of inequality between men and women; crime and juvenile delinquency; the persistence of poverty, and so on. Despite the fact]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>In the previous section we looked at the issue of competing explanations of social problems. Here we want to take a rather different approach by starting from one of the major dividing lines between different types of explanation. These dividing lines are ones that recur in the definition, interpretation and explanation of a range of social issues: for example, patterns of inequality between men and women; crime and juvenile delinquency; the persistence of poverty, and so on. Despite the fact]]>
</dc:description></item><item><title><![CDATA[4.3 Summary]]></title><dc:title><![CDATA[4.3 Summary]]></dc:title><link><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_4.3]]></link><guid><![CDATA[http://www.open.edu/openlearn/society/politics-policy-people/sociology/social-problems-who-makes-them/content_section_4.3]]></guid><description><![CDATA[<p>In this section we have tried to sketch some of the main lines of division in social constructions of social issues. The distinction between the natural and the social in constructing the causes that underlie social issues is a profound and recurrent one. A ‘social’ orientation involves the construction of social causes and conditions as the explanations for social issues. However, it is also important to bear in mind that such an orientation will itself be complicated by differences of p]]>
</description><dc:description><![CDATA[<p>In this section we have tried to sketch some of the main lines of division in social constructions of social issues. The distinction between the natural and the social in constructing the causes that underlie social issues is a profound and recurrent one. A ‘social’ orientation involves the construction of social causes and conditions as the explanations for social issues. However, it is also important to bear in mind that such an orientation will itself be complicated by differences of p]]>
</dc:description></item></channel></rss>