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The Architect's Use of the Internet - Study of the Architectural Presentation Possibilities
The Internet media is opening new horizons in communication and representation in architecture. However, its use today is superficial, limited, and without creativity. This study will explore theories, methods and examples of how the virtual space of the Internet can be used in its full potential. That means to present ways of observing, understanding, interacting, and communicating the space without precedents in architecture. The existent presentations made by architects in the Internet are in
Author(s): Aroztegui, Carmen

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Producci?n Digital de un Auditorio (Digital Production of an Auditorium)
In the middle of the year 2001, we had the opportunity to project an Auditory in the particular building of our School of Architecture. The chance to produce the entire project an all the technical documentation was given; using only digital tools. The use of this tools let us to calculate illumination, isolation study, sound an thermical conditioning with a real time visualization of the three dimensional model.
Author(s): Armesto, Trist?n

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21A.218J Identity and Difference (MIT)
How can the individual be at once cause and consequence of society, a unique agent of social action and also a social product? This course explores how identities, whether of individuals or groups, based on single behaviors or institutional practices, are produced, maintained, and transformed. Students will be introduced to various theoretical perspectives that are used to make sense of identity formation, including essentialism, constructivism, stigma, deviance, discourse, and performance. We w
Author(s): Heather Paxson

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Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative C

Patriarch: A Hypermedia Environment for the Support of Architectural Design
This paper reports on current research in the field of architectural design and knowledge- based systems, through the conception and implementation of two software tools operating as a part of an integrated hypermedia environment denominated PatriArch. Main concern of this set of tools operating in PatriArch is the support of design since the very beginning, in that phase of not yet correctly explored or interpretated constraints and of scarcely specified goals, in which an initial solution mode
Author(s): Arlati, Ezio

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Applying CBR to the Teaching of Architectural Design
This paper presents an approach to the analysis and description of the nature of process knowledge in architectural design, the development of a conceptual model for Galathea, a case-based navigation tool for its support, and the application of this theoretical foundation to the teaching of design to a group of about 100 second-year architecture students. Design is assumed as a globally coherent information, memory and experience-intensive process in which professional skill is the capability to
Author(s): Arlati, E., Bottelli, V. and Fogh, C.

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Collaborative Architectural Design as a reflective Conversation: an agent facilitated system to supp
In this paper, definitions of collaborative design are discussed and understood in terms of a designer?s cognitive collaborations to explore his/her experiential memory for remote idea associations. Based on Schon?s reflective practice theory, Valkenburg and Dorst?s (1998) description of collaborative team designing is adopted as a model for a proposed design conversation system. The design conversation system is aimed at triggering the experiential memory of the designer by associating signific
Author(s): Arjun, G. and J. Plume

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Restituci?n perspectiva mediante el uso de herramientas digitales para la confecci?n deuna base de d
The work is developed applying the perspective restitution method, based on the photographic survey of buildings. It researches the accuracy selection of the instruments, that should be effective, easy to manage, low cost and it allow fast results so as to let us compile a digital graphic data bases of the chosen works. The aim of the project is to elaborate graphic documents not only from the paradigmatic works but also from domestic architecture, so important in the consolidation of city. The
Author(s): Argumedo, C., Guerri, C., Rainero, C., Carmena, S.

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Puzzle-Making : What Architects Do When No One is Looking
The thesis of this paper is that architects work in a manner that is antithetical to problem-solving because they cannot explicate desired effects prior to their realization through the design process. In an attempt to clarify architecture's uncommon mode of action the author suggests that instead of specifying what they are trying to accomplish prior to their attempts to accomplish it as problem-solver do, architects treat design as a search for the most appropriate effects that can be attained
Author(s): Archea, John

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Sintaxis Grafica de la Multimedia (Graphical Syntax of Multimedia)
The multimedia offers an integration that must be made by the subject with the stimuli given, in their majority visual. For that reason it is interesting to know how effective may be the use of images and to propose some basic norms for designing multimedia software based on a graphic syntax
Author(s): Araya, N., Alvarado, R.G. and Gallador, N.A.

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Functional Integration in CAD Systems
This paper examines the issue of integration in CAD systems and argues that for integration to be effective, it must address the functional aspects of a CAD system. It discusses the need for integrated systems and, within a structural engineering context, identifies several facets of integration that should be targeted. These include 2-D drafting and 3-D modelling, graphical and non-graphical design information, the CAD data structure and its user interface, as well as integration of the draftin
Author(s): Anumba, C.J.

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Madinat al-zahra?: Investigaci?n y representaci?n [Madinat al-Zahra?: Investigation and Representati
The virtual reconstruction of the archeological site of Madinat al-Zahra. in C?rdoba (Spain) has permitted a new approach to the study and comprehension of this palatine city as well as to the typologies of Islamic architecture in Al-Andalus during the 10th century. Starting from fieldwork and from a photogrammetric survey of the site, the digital model has become a highly qualified tool in the research process. Through virtual navigation, it allows to learn new aspects about spatial configurati
Author(s): Antonio Almagro Gorbea; Ana Almagro Vidal; Jos? An

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Shared, Collective, Generative, Dynamic Virtual Environments - Geneve
In this project we plan to create an experimental novel medium setup for the study of the ?presence? experience in shared, collective, generative, dynamic virtual environments (GENEVEs) in order to study the cross interactions between a given GENEVE and/among its creators/users and to explore the logic of presence in each GENEVE. The new shareable / generative media will try to add personal creativity and social dimension to telefruition of contents. For the European Industry having a leading ed
Author(s): Antonini, Riccardo

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Responsiveness and Social Expression; Seeking Human Embodiment in Intelligent Fa?ades
This paper is based on a comparative analysis of some twenty-six intelligent building facades and sixteen large media-facades from a socio-psychological perspective. It is not difficult to observe how deployment of computational technologies have engendered new possibilities for architectural production to which surface-centeredness lies at that heart of spatial production during design, fabrication and envelope automation processes. While surfaces play a critical role in contemporary social pro
Author(s): Anshuman, Sachin

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Intervenir la imagen... o el espejo m?gico (Intervene the image... or the magic mirror)
"A technology is interactive to the degree that it reflects the consequences of our actions or decisions back to us. It follows that an interactive technology is a medium through which we communicate with ourselves... a mirror" The purpose of this work is to explore the implications of interactive media through the review of "Utop?a" digital, an interactive piece that explore the implied transformation of the relationship between art and audience and new forms of perception. The artists' role is
Author(s): Anido, Carmen L?pez

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APPLICATION OF FULL-SCALE MODELLING IN VIETNAM: AN OUTLINE FOR DISCUSSION
This paper discusses the possibility of applying full-scale modelling in Vietnam, a non-western so called developing country. It deals with two main questions: 1) Is the application of full-scale modelling to be restricted to the West only? 2) what are the possibilities, constraints and fields of application - with attention to the methodological validity and technical solution for full-scale modelling in Vietnam? It is argued that since full-scale modelling is based on people-environment intera
Author(s): Anh, Tran Hoai

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Study on the collaborative design process over the internet: A case study on VRML 2.0 specification
In this paper, we analyze the process of VRML 2.0 (Virtual Reality Modeling Language, Version 2.0) specification design for the deeper understanding of Internet-based collaboration. The VRML design process has the characteristics of being open to the public, geographically distributed, long-term, large-scale, and diverse. First, we examine the overall features of the design process by analyzing the VRML mailing list archive statistically. Secondly, we extract prototyping vocabulary (operational
Author(s): Ando, H., Kubota, A. and Kiriyama, T.

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Computadoras y Arquitectura en la Era Digital (Computers and Architecture in the Digital Era)
It seems that when architects think, and talk about computers, they only reflect on very narrow images of the phenomenon. Architects think that the impact of computers in their profession is only related to how PCs, CAD/CAM, networks, software, peripherals, can improve the way they work today. Architects, by enlarge, are unable to reflect beyond the screen of their computers and the wall of their offices when it comes to recognize the real consequences resulting from the new technological advanc
Author(s): Andia, Alfredo

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Film Theory and Architectural Design
This paper describes a 10 week, 3rd year architectural design studio, taught by the author, that explored the use of film and video techniques in the design process. The exploration was of (1) the potential of recently available personal computer software and hardware for image and video capture, manipulation and recording, and (2) the potential for application of video, informed by film theory, in the early stages of architectural design.
Author(s): Anderson, Lee

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Virtual Graffiti Three-Dimensional Paint Tools for Conceptual Modeling in Upfront
This chapter describes several limitations present in current 3-D programs used for conceptual design and then introduces a new threedimensional paint tool, as implemented in a beta version of Alias Upfront, that attempts to deal with some of those limitations.
Author(s): Anderson, Lee

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Hidden Line Elimination in Projected Grid Surfaces
The hidden line and hidden surface problems are simpler when restricted to special classes of objects. An example is the class of grid surfaces, that is, graphs of bivariate functions represented by their values on a set of grid points. Projected grid surfaces have geometric properties which permit hidden line or hidden surface elimination to be done more easily than in the general case. These properties are discussed in this paper, and an algorithm is given which exploits them
Author(s): Anderson, David P.

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