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Turning the Major Scales Into Melodies
This is a basic video explaining how the major scale can  be used to create melodies using examples of Christmas songs.  It is filmed from about the piano so that they keyboard and hands are easily seen by the viewer.  (02:28)
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A Golden Path: Reply to Professor Cochran

In his recent Mises Daily article "Fool's Gold Standards," John P. Cochran warns his readers against accepting any monetary reform less than that of money created by the free market. Therefore, he felt it necessary to criticize our previous Mises Daily article "
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Gevaarlijke producten : Etiketten
1.jpg

Het doel van deze presentatie is de verschillen vergelijken tussen oude en nieuwe etiketten van chemische producten.

Klik je op de verschillen van bv. H-zin, dan krijg je een aanvullende uitleg over de betekenis ervan.

Verder vind …


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Hoekenwerk : Spelen met taal en wiskunde
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Het hoekenwerk met speelse opdrachten is bedoeld voor het eerste leerjaar. De uitleg i.v.m. de spelletjes staat kort omschreven in de lesvoorbereiding (hoekenwerk 1 en 2).

Het maken van de 24 kleine krijtbordjes (30 cm op 20 cm) …


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Taller de Fotografía en movimiento: Filmmaking DSLR
Recopila, sintetiza y detalla los contenidos trabajados en cada una de las sesiones del taller organizado por Espacio-Red de Prácticas y Culturas Digitales (UNIA)
Author(s): Míchelo Toro

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6.2 The shapes of some molecules

Here we shall look at the shapes of some simple molecules of the typical elements. In doing so, we shall meet the problem of representing three-dimensional shapes on two-dimensional paper. Let's use methane, CH4, as an example. A ball-and-stick representation of this tetrahedral molecule is shown in Figure 45. To draw such structures in this unit, we shall often make use of the ‘flying-wedge notation’. A flying-wedge representation of the methane molecule of Figure 45 is
Author(s): The Open University

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5.2 Summary of Section 5

  1. The structural formulae of organic molecules can be divided into the carbon-hydrogen framework or skeleton, and the functional group(s). In the first approximation, the functional groups are the sites where reaction occurs, the framework remaining unreactive.

  2. This approximation works best when the framework consists of saturated carbon atoms.

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5.1 Molecular reactivity is concentrated at key sites

Reactivity is not spread evenly over a molecule; it tends to be concentrated at particular sites. The consequences of this idea are apparent in the chemistry of many elements. However, in organic chemistry, the idea has proved so valuable that it receives specific recognition through the concept of the functional group. Structure 6.1 shows the abbreviated structural formula of hexan-1-ol, an alcohol.


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1.5 Non-molecular substances

Non-molecular substances defy attempts to pick out discrete molecules from their structures. One example is common salt, NaCl, which is built up from the tiny cubes shown in Figure 10a. Look first at the sodium at the centre of the cube.

Question 7

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1.3 Chemical compounds

Chemical elements contain atoms of the same atomic number. But most materials consist of chemical compounds. These are a combination of the atoms of two or more chemical elements. Such combinations often occur in simple numerical ratios. Thus, when sodium metal (Figure 2b) and chlorine gas (
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2 The Ordovician seas

Before going any further, click on 'View document' below and read pages 68–71 from Douglas Palmer's Atlas of the Prehistoric World.

View document<
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Learning outcomes

After studying this unit you should be able to:

  • describe some key events in the evolution of life during the Palaeozoic Era, such as the first appearance of major groups of invertebrates and vertebrates, and the invasion of the land;

  • identify some common types of fossil organisms that were living in Palaeozoic seas, and comment on their likely environment and geological age;

  • make inferences from fossils about the biology and mode of life of some Pal
    Author(s): The Open University

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2.8 Descriptive statistics

Scientists collect many different types of information, but sets of data may be very loosely classified into two different types. In the first type, so-called ‘repeated measurement’, an individual quantity is measured a number of times. An astronomer wanting to determine the light output of a star would take many measurements on a number of different nights to even out the effects of the various possible fluctuations in the atmosphere that are a cause of stars ‘twinkling’. In the seco
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Acknowledgements

The content acknowledged below is Proprietary (see terms and conditions) and is used under licence.

All materials included in this unit are derived from content originated at the Open University.


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5.4 Percentage increases and decreases

There is no single right way of calculating percentage increases or decreases. The next examples show two different approaches to the same problems.

Example 1

A railway season ticket from my local station to London costs (at current prices) £825. Calculate the cost of a new ticket, if pric
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5.3 Check the till VAT

Now return to the old till receipt and look at the section which deals with VAT.

VAT-CODE NET-VAL VAT-VAL
S=17.5% £8.04 £1.41

These three pieces of information might be read as follows:

  • <
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5.2 Value Added Tax (VAT)

There is some information about Value Added Tax (VAT) on the receipt. VAT is charged on many goods purchased in the UK. At the time of the purchase on this receipt, the VAT rate was 17.5%. This means that on every £100 net cost, £17.50 would be charged in VAT, bringing the total to £117.50. In other words:

Net cost + VAT = Gross cost

£100.00 + £17.50 = £117.50

So the shop would charge £100, the tax office £17.50 and the customer would pay £117.50.

Because you
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4 Squares and other powers

Multiplying a number by itself is called squaring it and there is a key on scientific and graphics calculators which does this. On the TI-84 the key is marked .

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3 Some calculator puzzles

If you would like some more calculator practice, try your hand at the following puzzles. No answers are given because most of these activities have no single numerical answer. You may like to try them out with your friends – or make up some of your own.

Brain stretcher: Doing it with your eyes closed!

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