4.5 Torture The question of torture is also raised in the play. Herrenvolk claims that he does not do the torture; it is some Uzbekistan outfit that does it. He actually gives them a justification by saying, in a rather glib way, that it is a lot easier to open a human being than an encrypted laptop. Of course, the question is, is it ever ‘right’ to exploit this as a means of finding things out? I suspect most of us would say ‘no’.
8.3.5 Alternative plasma chamber designs: MERIE and ICP There are several variants of the parallel-plate RIE chamber. For example: The ‘magnetically enhanced’ MERIE, where magnetic fields are used to slow the leakage of plasma to the chamber walls, reducing the operating voltage and improving the power efficiency. ‘Plasma mode’ operation, where the RF voltage is applied to the chamber ceiling and the platen is grounded. This reduces the ion energy at the wafer from hundreds of volts t
7.3.3 Plasmas More control can be achieved in vapour deposition if a plasma is generated. A plasma is simply a gas where a proportion of the molecules have been ionised. The ions remain in an uneasy equilibrium with the electrons they have released, prevented from recombining only because the electrons are hot and fast-moving, and so are difficult to trap. Plasmas are widely used in materials processing, with pressure ranging from 10−3 mbar to 1 mbar and typically up to 1% of the molecul
4.2 The piezoelectric effect at the atomic scale It has been mentioned above that by changing the state of polarisation of a piezoelectric material we can generate movement, and vice versa. Let's examine a little more deeply what is meant by ‘state of polarisation’ and how we can maximise its effect to get the best out of electrically controlled micro-actuators. In order to electrically polarise a material we need, by definition, to cause a separation of charges within the material. The more we can do this the greater the d
3.4 A note on suspense By raising various expectations in the reader's mind, a writer can create an atmosphere of suspense – the desire to turn the page and find out what happens next. How much will the story follow the reader's expectations, how much will it confound them? In this way, sus
3.1 Categories of fiction A genre is a particular type or category of fiction. It can apply to both the long and short form (Author(s):
2.1 Setting as antagonist Nothing happens nowhere. (Elizabeth Bowen, in Burroway, 2003) Showing your story's Author(s):
1.5 Tips on character creation Use a journal to build ideas for character. Consider all the influences that go into the making of your character: age, gender, race, nationality, marital status, religion, profession. Know about your character's inner life: what s/he wants, thinks, remembers, resents, fears, dreams, denies. Know about your character's behaviour, what s/he wears, buys, eats, says, works at and plays at. Kno
1.4 Portraying a character
Click on 'View document' below to read ‘Portraying a character’, which outlines the main methods of revealing character in fiction. 1.2 Round and flat characters What about minor or peripheral characters? How deeply do they have to be imagined?
Click on 'View document' below to read the section called ‘Round and flat characters’. Showing the contradictions in charac 1.1 Creating characters
Click on 'View document' below to read the first few paragraphs from Novakovich's chapter on ‘Character’. Learning outcomes By the end of this unit you should: have begun to identify your own strengths and weaknesses as a writer of fiction; have developed a general awareness of fiction writing; have developed a basic vocabulary to discuss fiction. 8.6 The Dakshineswar temple I want you now to follow a worshipper on a ‘pilgrimage in miniature’ around Dakshineswar temple on the outskirts of Calcutta. Before you read further, please study carefully the plan of Dakshineswar temple in Figure 14. 8.5 Looking for Hinduism in Calcutta 8.4 Hinduism in eastern India: religion in Calcutta The Hinduism of Bengal, as in other regions of India with their own languages and distinctive historical traditions, has absorbed and retained many local elements which make it peculiarly the Hinduism of Bengal. The city of Calcutta has exerted its own considerable influence upon the surrounding region. Calcutta, the capital of West Bengal, was founded in 1690 originally as a British trading post on the Hugli, a stretch of the Ganges (or Ganga), a river sacred to Hindus (see Author(s): 1.5.1 Uncertain origins The tablet is called Plimpton 322, and is described by Neugebauer (The Exact Sciences in Antiquity (Dover, 1969) p. 40) as ‘one of the most remarkable documents of Old-Babylonian mathematics’. The name arises simply from the fact that the tablet has catalogue number 322 in the George A. Plimpton collection at Columbia University, New York. Plimpton bought it in about 1923 from a Mr Banks who lived in Florida; it is not certain where he obtained it, but it may have been dug u 1.3 The historical study of cuneiform Now, how did historical study reach the stage where Neugebauer and Sachs could pick up a tablet in a library and translate it so as to provide a fair degree of understanding? As with Egyptian hieroglyphs, cuneiform studies date from the last century. Their equivalent of the Rosetta Stone—a trilingual inscription for which one of the languages could be partially understood—was a sheer rock-face at Behistun in south-western Iran into which a text was carved in three languages, Old Persian, Learning outcomes After studying this unit you should be able to: know something about cuneiform how it was used to represent numbers for mathematical problem solving and computation; understand the relationship between a decimal place-value system and a sexagesimal one; appreciate the advanced understanding of mathematics in Ancient Mesopotamia in relation to anyone in medieval Christian Europe 3000 years later. Introduction This unit is from our archive and it is an adapted extract from Topics in the history of mathematics (MA290) which is no longer in presentation. If you wish to study formally at The Open University, you may wish to explore the courses we offer in this curriculum area. This unit looks at Babylonian mathematics. You will learn how a series of discov
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