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Bees are Master Pollinators and Cannot be Mimicked Cost Effectively
The study of biomimicry and sustainable design promises great benefits in design application. It affords means by which to promote cost-effective, resourceful, non-polluting avenues for new enterprise. These “blueprints†have existed previously as underappreciated strategies by relatively unfamiliar organisms. An important final caveat, however, must still be addressed. One cannot leave the student with the misunderstanding that once copied, species are expendable. Biomimicry is intended to
Designing a Winning Guest Village in the Saguaro National Park
The Challenge Question of the Legacy Cycle draws the student into considering the engineering ingenuity of nature. It will force him to analyze, appreciate and understand the wisdom of these designs as the student team focuses on meeting each of the challenge’s requirements. The student is asked, with his team members, to envision a sustainable design for a future guest village within the Saguaro National Park, outside of Tucson, Arizona. What issues need to be addressed to support the comfort
Constructing Sonoran Desert Food Chains and Food Webs
Is the food chain shown above accurate? Does the first link depict a producer, the second link a herbivore, and the third link an omnivore / carnivore? Students must correctly determine whether a species is a producer or consumer, and what type of consumer; herbivore, omnivore, or carnivore. Students will be provided with a list of Sonoran Desert species and asked to construct, within their groups, several food chains. These food chains will then be used to construct a food web. In order to comp
Adaptations for Bird Flight – Inspiration for Aeronautical Engineering
This activity first asks the students to study the patterns of bird flight and understand that four main forces affect the flight abilities of a bird. They will study the shape, feather structure, and resulting differences in the pattern of flight. They will then look at several articles that feature newly designed planes and the birds that they are modeled after. The final component of this activity is to watch the Nature documentary, “Raptor Force†which chronicles the flight patterns of b
Designing a Sustainable Guest Village in the Saguaro National Park
This lesson introduces students to their task of designing a permanent guest village within the Saguaro National Park. The design must provide a true desert experience to visitors while also emphasizing sustainable design, protection of the natural environment, and additionally energy and resource conservation. In order to successfully address and respond to this challenge question, students must acquire an understanding of desert ecology, environmental limiting factors, species adaptations and
Biomimicry and Sustainable Design - Nature is an Engineering Marvel
This lesson introduces students to the concepts of biomicry and sustainable design. Countless examples, when introduced to the student, illustrate the wisdom of nature in the means by which organisms are adapted (to name only a few) in their body style, physiological processes, water conservation, thermal radiation, and mutualistic relationships to assure their species continuing perpetuation within their environment and its unique limiting factors. In large measure, all of these adaptations res
Implementing Biomimicry and Sustainable Design with an Emphasis on the Application of Ecological Pri
This unit provides students with an opportunity to study ecological relationships with an emphasis on the Sonoran Desert. Students appreciate the complexity and balance that supports the exchange of energy and matter within food webs. Species adaptations are examined. Students then apply these natural relationships to the study of biomimicry and sustainable design. They study the flight patterns of birds and relate their functional design to aeronautical engineering. They are presented with a Ch
Where are the Plastics Near Me? (Mapping the Data)
Data collected in the Where are the Plastics Near Me (Field Trip) activity are organized by student groups in a fairly student-led and independent fashion to create a useful and informative Google Earth map. The students will create a map, use that map to analyze the results, adjust the map to include the results of the analysis, and then write a brief summary of their findings. Questions of fate-and-transport of plastics are primarily what are explored. If data was gathered in the field trip bu
What's Wrong with the Coordinates at the North Pole?
Students will complete a self-guided exercise in worksheet format combined with Google Earth that will help them explore practical and observable differences between different projection and coordinate systems. The activity will also increase their skill level at using various features of Google Earth.
Get the Word Out at McDonalds©!
Students will be asked to be part of a hypothetical scenario that challenges them to inform customers at a local restaurant of how their use and disposal of plastics relates/contributes to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP). What they ultimately must do is to research information on the GPGP and place that information into a short, eye-catching newsletter that they can “hand out†to restaurant customers. This activity focuses on teaching students to gather their own additional informatio
Where are the Plastics Near Me? (Field Trip)
An adult-led field trip allows students to be organized into investigation teams that catalogue the incidence of plastic debris in different environments. These plastics are being investigated according to their type, age, location and other characteristics that might indicate what potential they have for becoming part of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP). Students will collect qualitative and quantitative data that may be used to create a Google Earth layer as part of a separate activity t
Who Can Make the Best Coordinate System?
Students will learn about coordinate systems in general by considering questions concerning what it is that the systems should do, and who decided they would look the way that they look. They will attempt to try and make their own coordinate system using a common area across all groups and compete to see who can make the best one. Students then analyze why it is that some systems work better than others and consider what those observations mean for evaluating and choosing geographic coordinate s
High Arches, Low Arches
A main concern of shoe engineers is creating shoes that provide the right amount of arch support to prevent (or fix) common gait misalignments that lead to injury. During this activity, students look at their own footprints and determine whether they have either of the two most prominent gait misalignments: overpronation (collapsing arches) or supination (high arches). Knowing the shape of a person’s foot, and their natural arch movement is necessary to design shoes to fix these gain alignment
Convertible Shoes: Function, Fashion and Design
Students teams design and build shoe prototypes that convert between high heels and athletic shoes. They apply their knowledge about the mechanics of walking and running as well as shoe design (as learned in the associated lesson) to design a multifunctional shoe that is both fashionable and functional.
Watch Out for the Blind Spots
In this service-learning engineering project, students follow the steps of the engineering design process to design a hearing testing device. More specifically, they design a prototype machine that can be used to test the peripheral vision of partially-blind, pre-verbal children. Students learn about the basics of vision and vision loss. They also learn how a peripheral vision tester for adults works (by testing the static peripheral vision in the four quadrants of the visual field with four con
Obi-Wan Adobe: Engineering for Strength
Students conduct an experiment to determine how varying the composition of a construction material affects its strength. They make several adobe bricks with differing percentages of sand, soil, fibrous material and water. They test the bricks for strength by dropping them onto a concrete surface from progressively greater heights. Students graph the experiment results and use what they learn to design their own special mix that maximizes the bricks’ strength. During the course of the experimen
Shoes Under Pressure
Students explore the basic physics behind walking, and the design and engineering of shoes to accommodate different gaits. They are introduced to pressure, force and impulse as they relate to shoes, walking and running. Students learn about the mechanics of walking, shoe design and common gait misalignments that often lead to injury.
Service-Based Engineering Design Projects
This unit describes a general approach to guiding students to complete service-based engineering design projects, with specific examples provided in detail as associated activities. With your class, brainstorm ideas for engineering designs that benefit your community or a specific person in your community. Then, guided by the steps of the engineering design process, have students research to understand background science and math, meet their client to understand the problem, and create, test and
