Environmental Geology
There is now a greater interest in the environment than ever before and we face concerns about the environmental impacts of almost every aspect of our daily lives. Water, soil, air and the biological environment can all be changed dramatically by the activities of industrial societies like our own, not least through mechanisms which are controlled by essentially geological processes. Waste disposal, contamination of land by industry, the impacts of mining, water pollution and even air quality (t
TALAT Lecture 2110.01: Automobile brake rotor - LCA in product design
This lecture imparts knowledge about ?production and casting of SiC-particle reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite - PMMC (SiCAl7SiMg); use of Life Cycle Analysis. It provides insight to how to redesign a product using life cycle thinking and LCA to minimize the ecological side effects; the importance of having a thoroughly knowledge about the product's life and its environmental impact. Some knowledge of the concept of the product information structure - "the chromosomes" and f
Roll-bonded aluminium alloy diffusion couple in the as-rolled condition.
This micrograph shows the grain structure of a roll-bonded aluminium alloy diffusion couple in the as-rolled condition. The upper half of the couple is Al-0.5Fe-1.0Mn (wt.%), the lower half is Al-1.0Si (wt.%). Rolling heavily deforms the microstructure, producing thin, elongated grains parallel to the roll-bonded interface.The Barker's etch produces a thick oxide layer on the grains of aluminium (anodising). When viewed in cross-polarised light, interference in the oxide layer produces colours w
Carbon-carbon composite
Carbon-carbon composites are manufactured from continuous carbon fibres which are woven in a two or three dimensional pattern. The fibres are then impregnated with a polymeric resin. After the component has been shaped and cured the matrix is pyrolysed by heating in an inert atmosphere. This converts the matrix to carbon chain molecules which are densified by further heat treatments. The resulting composite consists of the original carbon fibres in a carbon matrix. Carbon-carbon composites have
Coarse open celled aluminium foam produced by infiltration of sintered salt (FOAM-U-LIKE)
FOAM-U-LIKE (Foaming of aluminium metal using lightly interconnected kevelled elements) is a very inexpensive route for the production of coarse open celled foams. It allows a reasonable degree of control over cell size and shape, and results in relatively uniform morphology. The interconnectivity of pores can be controlled by varying the degree of sintering of the precursor. In this case, grains of 1-4mm diameter have been sintered at 600 degrees C for just 10 minutes, giving rise to lightly in
Spherulite in poly-3-hydroxy butyrate (PHB)
Polymer melts often crystallise from heterogeneous nuclei to form ribbon-like lamellae, which have a folded chain molecular structure. They commonly radiate outwards from the nucleation point, to form spherical features called spherulites - which are often quite large. The characteristic Maltese cross pattern, seen when viewed between crossed polars, results from isoclinic fringes formed when one of the principal vibration directions is approximately parallel to the polariser. In some cases (inc
Roll-bonded aluminium alloy diffusion couple annealed for 30 minutes at 600°C.
This micrograph shows the grain structure of a roll-bonded aluminium alloy diffusion couple annealed for 30 minutes at 600°C. The upper half of the couple is Al-0.5Fe-1.0Mn (wt.%), the lower half is Al-1.0Si (wt.%). Annealing has recrystallised the microstructure. The Al-Fe-Mn alloy has many intermetallic particles (the dark phase). These help create recrystallisation nuclei, hence this alloy has a high density of small grains relative to the Al-Si alloy.The Barker's etch produces a thick oxide
IN718 nickel-based superalloy held for 3 hours at 850°C
IN718 is a nickel-based superalloy composed of approximately 53 wt% Ni, 19 wt% Fe, 18 wt% Cr, 5 wt% Nb, and small amounts of Ti, Mo, Co, and Al. The alloy has a number of distinct phases present in its microstructure. These are namely the matrix, γ, and the precipitates, γ', γ'', and δ. The primary strengthening phase is γ'' [1], the composition of which is Ni3Nb. It has a body-centred tetragonal structure, and forms semi-coherently as disc-shaped platelets within the γ matrix, having thre
IN718 nickel-based superalloy held for 1 minute at 850°C
IN718 is a nickel-based superalloy composed of approximately 53 wt% Ni, 19 wt% Fe, 18 wt% Cr, 5 wt% Nb, and small amounts of Ti, Mo, Co, and Al. The alloy has a number of distinct phases present in its microstructure. These are namely the matrix, γ, and the precipitates, γ', γ'', and δ. The primary strengthening phase is γ'' [1], the composition of which is Ni3Nb. It has a body-centred tetragonal structure, and forms semi-coherently as disc-shaped platelets within the γ matrix, having thre
IN718 nickel-based superalloy held for 24 hours at 850°C
IN718 is a nickel-based superalloy composed of approximately 53 wt% Ni, 19 wt% Fe, 18 wt% Cr, 5 wt% Nb, and small amounts of Ti, Mo, Co, and Al. The alloy has a number of distinct phases present in its microstructure. These are namely the matrix, γ, and the precipitates, γ', γ'', and δ. The primary strengthening phase is γ'' [1], the composition of which is Ni3Nb. It has a body-centred tetragonal structure, and forms semi-coherently as disc-shaped platelets within the γ matrix, having thre
IN718 nickel-based superalloy held for 48 hours at 850°C
IN718 is a nickel-based superalloy composed of approximately 53 wt% Ni, 19 wt% Fe, 18 wt% Cr, 5 wt% Nb, and small amounts of Ti, Mo, Co, and Al. The alloy has a number of distinct phases present in its microstructure. These are namely the matrix, γ, and the precipitates, γ', γ'', and δ. The primary strengthening phase is γ'' [1], the composition of which is Ni3Nb. It has a body-centred tetragonal structure, and forms semi-coherently as disc-shaped platelets within the γ matrix, having thre
Muscle structure, innervation and contraction for nursing students
This topic starts with an overview of skeletal muscle structure. The process of muscle innervation and contraction is shown and the importance of the sarcomere, myosin, actin and crossbridge cycling is discussed, with the aid of animations. An overview of the motor unit is illustrated and further expands to cover the branching of motor neurons, motor end plates and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs).
Physical vapour deposited (PVD) partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ)
The micrograph shows columnar structure of physical vapour deposited (PVD) partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ).
Cu 70, Zn 30 (wt%), annealed and cold rolled
This sample was annealed and 50% cold rolled to give a highly deformed structure with a high dislocation density, illustrated by the large number of persistent slip bands.
12.812 General Circulation of the Earth's Atmosphere (MIT)
This course examines diagnostic studies of the Earth's atmosphere and discusses their implications for the theory of the structure and general circulation of the Earth's atmosphere. It includes some discussion of the validation and use of general circulation models as atmospheric analogs.
12.759 Marine Chemistry Seminar (MIT)
The structure of the course is designed to have students acquire a broad understanding of the field of Marine Chemistry; to get a feel for experimental methodologies, the results that they have generated and the theoretical insights they have yielded to date.
How We Organize Knowledge: The Structure of the Disciplines
This program covers the ways in which the organization of knowledge and understanding can influence learning. It also introduces Bruner’s and Schwab’s ideas about the structure of the disciplines. Featured are a fourth-grade teacher, a 10th-grade biology teacher, and a ninth- through 12th-grade teacher, with commentary from Lee S. Shulman, president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. How to get students to think like professionals is the topic.
The remote experiment position in actual taxonomy
Taxonomy is a classification effort for establishment of learning/teaching operational objectives. There are some famous taxonomies, Blooms being the most quoted. In spite of the fact that some researchers have tried to explain the position of elearning in already known taxonomies, this subject was not too much in the general attention. In the paper the authors intend to go deeply and to analyze the position of the new methodology-remote experiment-in the actual taxonomies. In addition they ha
George Ellis on The Nature of the Physical World
On Thursday 17 September the Gordon Institute for Performing and Creative Arts GIPCA Great Texts Big Questions lecture will present an opportunity to hear one of the worlds leading cosmologists discuss the way scientific and everyday views of the nature of things relate to each other. How do relativity theory quantum theory and cosmological theory change our views of the world and the universe? How do they relate to every day life? George Ellis Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University
Historic Pittsburgh
Historic Pittsburgh, an extensive digital resource created at the University of Pittsburgh, offers both an entry point and substantive classroom resources for teachers of American History at various grade and university levels.
This Web site enables access to historic material held by the University of Pittsburgh's University Library System, the Library & Archives at the Heinz History Center, Carnegie Museum of Art, Chatham College Archives, Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation, and Point
