School of Nursing RLOs

NB: This page has been superseded by a dynamically-generated list of RLOs, and is becoming increasingly outdated. Please go to the new RLO list if you've alighted on this page from a search engine. Thanks.

The tables on this page list RLOs developed, being developed, or proposed by staff in the School of Nursing, sorted alphabetically by title. The RLOs fall under a range of broad headings, colour-coded for clarity:

Biological Processes
Statistics
Study Skills
Practice Learning & Clinical Skills
Evidence-Based Practice
Research Methods
Sociology
Epidemiology
Science Basics
Anatomy
Pharmacology
       

Key to tables

In addition to those developed by the School, there are an increasing number of finished RLOs produced for the Universities Collaboration in E-Learning (UCEL) which are available for use by staff and students: see the list of available UCEL RLOs.

NB: These RLOs have audio voiceovers, so please make sure to have headphones or speakers connected to your PC. The RLOs will run ok without audio output, but they'll not be as interesting and/or entertaining.

Copyright and Terms of Use for School of Nursing RLOs

Available RLOs

The table below lists RLOs that are currently available for use by staff and students in the School of Nursing.

RLOs available for use
Title Author(s) Description Devt stage CETL LOLA UCEL
Acids, Alkalis and Bases: an Introduction Jennifer Dandrea Defining and explaining acids, bases, and alkalis, from an ionic standpoint, and introducing the pH scale. Released Apr 06 X    
Acids, Alkalis and Bases: Further Application Jennifer Dandrea Examining the operation and application of acids, bases and alkalis, including neutralisation, acid/base reactions, and salts. Released Apr 06 X    
Atomic Bonding Richard Windle Examining ionic, covalent and mixed bonding in atoms. RLO peer review X    
Bioavailability Mark Foss Introduction to the concept of the bioavailability of drugs. Released Apr 04     X
Calculating medicines for children: applying standard formula Gill Langmack This RLO is aimed at providing examples of how to calculate medicines, specifically for children but it relates well to any aspect of calculating medicines. Released April 05     X
Cell division Damion McCormick To identify the importance of cell division and briefly describe mitosis and meiosis. Released Sep 05      
Concentration Gradients Fred Riley This RLO describes the concept of concentration gradients in biological systems through analogy with gradients found in everyday life, and outlines passive and active transport across cell membranes. Released May 05      
Confidence intervals Julia Lacey This RLO defines the term 'confidence intervals' and demonstrates how they can be used to determine the significance and range of possible sizes of a treatment effect. Released Oct 06 X    
Descriptive statistics for interval and ratio scale data David Justham, Heather Wharrad Describing the use of measures of central tendency - mean, mode, median - and dispersion - range, Standard Deviation. Released May 05 X    
Designing a questionnaire Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling This RLO introduces good practice in questionnaire design, step by step. Released Feb 06 X    
Drug-receptor Interaction Mark Foss Introduction to the interaction of cell receptors with drugs Released Jul 04     X
Elements that make up the human body Richard Windle Introducing the periodic table of elements, and identifying the major elements involved in the human body and their roles RLO peer review X    
Exploring the Synapse Heather Wharrad, Fiona Bath Describe the events during the transmission of an impulse across a synapse Released Feb 04     X
Glomerular Filtration Pressure Ann Lawrie The RLO deals with the opposing forces within the glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule which together create the glomerular filtration pressure. The RLO builds on the Starlings Forces RLO by the same author and is intended to form the basis for a future RLO on glomerular filtration rate. This RLO was developed jointly with De Montfort University.
Released Sep 06      
Half-life of drugs Heather Wharrad To understand the half-life of drugs and its relationship with volume of distribution and clearance. Released Mar 04     X
Hand Hygiene Alison Columbine Practical hand hygiene techniques for infection control RLO peer review     X
Homeostasis Fiona Bath Introduction to the principles of homeostasis. RLO peer review      
The inflammatory response Jacqueline Randle, Jo Lymn To understand stages in the inflammatory response. Released Oct 06   X  
Kidney anatomy Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the external and internal anatomy of the kidney. Released Oct 04      
The Kidneys and drug excretion Vivien Rolfe The role of the kidneys in the excretion of drugs. Released Mar 05      
Kidney physiology Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the physiology of the kidney, examining the processes by which the kidneys filter blood, control body pH and eliminate the waste products of metabolism from the body. Released Oct 04      
Levels of Measurement Heather Wharrad To understand the different levels of measurement and the arithmetic operations that can be performed on them Released Sep 03     X
Levels of Measurement: what you can and can't do arithmetically Heather Wharrad An explanation of the statistical operations that can be performed on the different levels of measurement. Released Jan 04     X
Liver Anatomy Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the external and internal anatomy of the liver. Released Nov 04      
The Liver and drug metabolism Vivien Rolfe The role of the liver in the metabolism of drugs. Released Mar 05      
Liver Physiology Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the physiology of the liver, examining its role in filtering blood, metabolism, nutrient extraction and homeostasis. Released Nov 04      
Lock and Key Hypothesis Richard Windle Introducing the "lock and key" analogy of drug-receptor interaction, whereby only drugs of a certain molecular shape will 'fit' with a cell membrane receptor. Released Jun 04     X
Meta-analysis Jo Leonardi-Bee This RLO provides an introduction to the basic concepts of meta-analysis, which is an important and valuable tool for summarising data from multiple studies. Released Nov 06      
Osmosis and Diffusion Ann Lawrie Explaining the difference between the processes of diffusion and osmosis, and introducing the concepts of concentration gradients and tonicity. Released Oct 04      
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic influences of Aminoglycoside dosing Tim Hills Examines how the absorbtion and distribution of aminoglycosides within the body affects the dosing regimens used. Released Oct 06   X  
Plasma proteins and drug distribution Damion McCormick, Mark Foss Examining the role of plasma proteins in the distribution and retention of drugs in the body. RLO Peer Review     X
Pressure Mark Foss Introducing basic concepts of physical pressure. Released Mar 04     X
Probability associated with inferential statistics David Justham, Heather Wharrad An introduction to probability, and the probability of sample errors affecting research results. RLO peer review X   X
Qualitative and quantitative research Stephen Timmons Outlining the distinction between qualitative and quantitative methods of doing research. Released Feb 06 X    
Referencing your work with Modified Harvard Heather Wharrad, Jennifer Dandrea, Richard Windle Introduction to the modified Harvard style of literature referencing, incorporating an interactive referencing tool for students. RLO peer review X    
Relative risk reduction and absolute risk reduction Briony Leighton (GEM) This RLO considers how to measure and interpret the magnitude of effect in clinical trial results using relative risk reduction (RRR) and absolute risk reduction (ARR). Released Mar 06 X    
Respiratory ventilation: anatomy and mechanics Heather Bull Presents the purpose of ventilation, the anatomical parts involved, and the muscular activity that enables ventilation to take place at rest. Released Mar 05      
Search strategy for locating Randomised Controlled Trials Fiona Bath-Hextall Introduction to search strategies for locating randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in online databases. RLO peer review      
SI units and calculating unit changes Carolyn Hardy, Richard Windle To identify what SI units are, when they are used, and how to calculate unit changes. Released Oct 06 X    
Starling's Forces Ann Lawrie An examination of the roles of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure in movement of fluid and gases across the capillary wall. Released Jan 04      
Steps in conducting a systematic review Fiona Bath-Hextall This RLO outlines the five fundamental steps to conducting a systematic review of health care research so as identify, select and critically appraise relevant research. RLO peer review X    
Structure of the Atom Richard Windle An introduction to basic atomic structure RLO peer review X    
Surrogate outcomes Julia Lacey (GEM) This RLO considers the type of evidence which should be used when making decisions about patient care. Released Mar 06 X    
Understanding Dyslexia: an Introduction Jo Sanderson-Mann An introduction to dyslexia, outlining both positive and negative aspects. Released Sep 05      
Understanding First Pass Metabolism Fiona Bath Description of first pass metabolism of orally-administered drugs in the liver and gastrointestinal tract Released Jan 04     X
Using databases to find journal articles Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton An introduction to online databases of journals relevant to nurses (eg CINAHL, BNI). Released Sep 05 X    
What are journals? Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton Introduction to academic, professional, general and subject-based journals for nurses. Released Sep 05 X    
What is referencing? Richard Windle This RLO outlines the importance of referencing and how to refer to the work of others appropriately. Interactive tasks illustrate the range of materials that can be referenced and examples of plagiarism. Released Oct 06 X    
Why critique research? Stephen Timmons Why published research needs to be appraised by readers. Released May 06 X    

Full RLO List

The table below lists all RLOs, both developed and in progress. Titles which are links represent RLOs available for use.

Full RLO list
Title Author(s) Developer Description Devt Stage CETL LOLA UCEL
Acids, Alkalis and Bases : an Introduction Jennifer Dandrea UCEL (Paul Robertson) Defining and explaining acids, bases, and alkalis, from an ionic standpoint, and introducing the pH scale. Released Apr 06 X    
Acids, Alkalis and Bases: Further Application Jennifer Dandrea UCEL Examining the operation and application of acids, bases and alkalis, including neutralisation, acid/base reactions, and salts. Released Apr 06 X    
Adaptable referencing tool (GLO) Heather Wharrad, Jennifer Dandrea, Richard Windle Heather Rai   Under development X    
ADH Ann Lawrie     Concept      
Adult drug calculations Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling     Specification      
Advanced literature searching Jenny Coombs, Wendy Stanton, Richard Windle  
How to construct literature search enquiries using the thesaurus, focus or explode your search, use the search term taxonomy to refine your search and combine these methods into an advance search protocol.
Specification peer review X    
Aldosterone Ann Lawrie     Concept      
Aseptic technique Jacqueline Randle, Natalie Vaughan Lucrezia Herman To understand the general concept of aseptic technique for the prevention of infection during clinical procedures. Specification peer review   X  
Atomic Bonding Richard Windle Barry Wood Examining ionic, covalent and mixed bonding in atoms. RLO peer review X    
Balancing fluid intake and output Gill Langmack Fred Riley This RLO is aimed at providing information in balancing fluids in children and infants. Specification     X
Baroreceptor reflex Tim Ford   The role of the baroreceptor reflex in maintaining body homeostasis. Specification      
Bioavailability Mark Foss Gareth Peevers Introduction to the concept of the bioavailability of drugs. Released     X
Calculating infant feeds Gill Langmack Fred Riley This RLO is aimed at providing examples of how to calculate infant feeds. Concept     X
Calculating medicines for children: applying standard formula Gill Langmack Caroline Burton This RLO is aimed at providing examples of how to calculate medicines, specifically for children but it relates well to any aspect of calculating medicines. Released Apr 05     X
Calculating medicines for children: converting values Gill Langmack Fred Riley Illustrating the conversion of metric values - between kg, grams, milligrams, micrograms and nanograms - to calculate dosage of medicine for children. Concept     X
Caring for a patient with intravenous infusion Julia Williams     Concept      
Catheter Care Alison Kelley, Donna King, Julia Williams     Concept      
Cell division Damion McCormick Viv Rolfe To identify the importance of cell division and briefly describe mitosis and meiosis. Released Sep 05      
Chambers of the Heart Richard Windle Fred Riley Describe the structure of the heart, valves and papillary muscles. Concept      
Circulation of blood through the Heart Richard Windle Fred Riley Describe the major blood vessels of the heart and the circulation of blood through them. Concept      
Clearance of Drugs from the Body Tim Hills   Provides a definition of clearance and a basic explanation of the processes Concept   X  
Common molecular forms within the body Richard Windle   Examining the types and forms of active molecules in the body. Concept      
Concentration Gradients Fred Riley Yiran Tian Explaining the concept of concentration gradients in biological systems Released May 05      
Confidence intervals Julia Lacey Neil Duffin This RLO defines the term 'confidence intervals' and demonstrates how they can be used to determine the significance and range of possible sizes of a treatment effect. Released Oct 06 X    
Correct and safe administering of medications Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling     Specification      
Critical appraisal of Randomised Control Trials Tony Arthur     Specification      
Descriptive statistics for interval and ratio scale data David Justham, Heather Wharrad Gareth Peevers Describing the use of measures of central tendency - mean, mode, median - and dispersion - range, Standard Deviation. Released May 05 X    
Designing a questionnaire Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling Rob Cutforth This RLO introduces good practice in questionnaire design, step by step. Released Feb 06 X    
Determining the clinical importance of trial results Briony Leighton, Elaine Bentley, Julia Lacey, Paul Garrud (GEM)   This RLO demonstrates how to interpret and use clinical trial data (ARR, RRR, NNT, NNH, and confidence intervals) in practice. Under development X    
Displaying and outputting results of journal article searches Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton   Practical example of displaying the results of a search of a journal article database Specification peer review      
Drugs acting at the synapse Heather Wharrad, Fiona Bath-Hextall UCEL   Under development     X
Drug-receptor Interaction Mark Foss Gareth Peevers Introduction to the interaction of cell receptors with drugs Released July 04     X
Dyslexia and workplace learning Jo Sanderson-Mann Fred Riley How dyslexia affects student nurses on placement and their mentors. Includes guidelines for mentors. Under development      
The Effect of Prevalence on Positive Predictive Value Elaine Bentley, Julia Lacey, Briony Leighton (GEM)     Concept      
Elements that make up the human body Richard Windle Barry Wood Introducing the periodic table of elements, and identifying the major elements involved in the human body and their roles RLO peer review X    
Exploring the Synapse Heather Wharrad, Fiona Bath-Hextall UCEL Describe the events during the transmission of an impulse across a synapse Released     X
Finding and Managing Literature Elaine Cook     Specification      
Finding the full-text of a journal article Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton   How to display full texts of articles recovered from a search of online journal article databases for nursing (eg CINAHL, BNI) Specification      
Glomerular Filtration Pressure Ann Lawrie Viv Rolfe (DMU) The RLO deals with the opposing forces within the glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule which together create the glomerular filtration pressure. The RLO builds on the Starlings Forces RLO by the same author and is intended to form the basis for a future RLO on glomerular filtration rate. This RLO was developed jointly with De Montfort University.
Released Sep 06      
Glove use in clinical practice Jacqueline Randle Lucrezia Herman To understand appropriate glove use. Specification peer review   X  
Half-life of drugs Heather Wharrad Fred Riley To understand the half-life of drugs and its relationship with volume of distribution and clearance. Released     X
Hand Hygiene Alison Columbine Fred Riley Practical hand hygiene techniques for infection control RLO peer review     X
Heart Failure Mark Foss   This RLO deals with the pathophysiology of heart failure, drug treatments, and nursing management. Specification peer review      
Homeostasis Fiona Bath-Hextall Barry Wood Introduction to the principles of homeostasis. RLO peer review      
Home visiting Fern Todhunter   To recognise the significance of home visiting as an essential component in a programme of formal health care Specification      
How to conduct a literature search Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton   Practical examples of searching databases of journal articles (eg CINAHL, BNI). Specification peer review X    
The inflammatory response Jacqueline Randle, Jo Lymn Lucrezia Herman To understand stages in the inflammatory response. Released Oct 06   X  
Intramuscular injections Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling, Julia Williams   Describes the theory and practical skill of the administration of intramuscular injections Specification      
Intravenous injections Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling, Julia Williams   Describes the theory and practical skill of the administration of intravenous injections Concept      
An introduction to Portfolios and their uses Mary Chapple   To identify what a portfolio is, why they are used and to identify some pieces of material that may be used to support claims for learning and development. Specification      
Introduction to reliability in research Andy Betts   This introdution clarifies what reliability is, classifies it, and outlines potential threats to it. Specification      
Introduction to validity Andy Betts   This introdution clarifies what validity is, classifies it, and outlines potential threats to it. Specification      
Kidney anatomy Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the external and internal anatomy of the kidney. Released      
The Kidneys and drug excretion Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe The role of the kidneys in the excretion of drugs. Released Mar 05      
Kidney physiology Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the physiology of the kidney, examining the processes by which the kidneys filter blood, control body pH and eliminate the waste products of metabolism from the body. Released      
Levels of Measurement Heather Wharrad UCEL To understand the different levels of measurement and the arithmetic operations that can be performed on them Released     X
Levels of Measurement: what you can and can't do arithmetically Heather Wharrad UCEL An explanation of the statistical operations that can be performed on the different levels of measurement. Released     X
Liver anatomy Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the external and internal anatomy of the liver. Released      
Liver physiology Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe Introduction to the physiology of the liver, examining its role in filtering blood, metabolism, nutrient extraction and homeostasis. Released      
The Liver and drug metabolism Vivien Rolfe Vivien Rolfe The role of the liver in the metabolism of drugs. Released      
Lock and Key Hypothesis Richard Windle Ahmad Athamneh Introducing the "lock and key" analogy of drug-receptor interaction, whereby only drugs of a certain molecular shape will 'fit' with a cell membrane receptor. Released     X
Meta-analysis Jo Leonardi-Bee Barry Wood This RLO provides an introduction to the basic concepts of meta-analysis, which is an important and valuable tool for summarising data from multiple studies. Released Nov 06      
Number needed to treat and number needed to harm Briony Leighton (GEM)   This RLO considers how to measure and interpret the magnitude of effect in clinical trial results using number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH). Specification      
Osmosis and Diffusion Ann Lawrie Yiran Tian Explaining the difference between the processes of diffusion and osmosis, and introducing the concepts of concentration gradients and tonicity. Released Oct 04      
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic influences of Aminoglycoside dosing Tim Hills Lucrezia Herman Examines how the absorbtion and distribution of aminoglycosides within the body affects the dosing regimens used. Released Oct 06   X  
Plasma proteins and drug distribution Damien McCormick & Mark Foss Gareth Peevers Examining the role of plasma proteins in the distribution and retention of drugs in the body. RLO Peer Review     X
Positive and predictive value of diagnostic tests Elaine Bentley (GEM) Caroline Burton This RLO explains how diagnostic test results are a combination of true and false positive, or true and false negative Under development X    
Presenting and interpreting the results from a meta-analysis Jo Leonard-Bee Viv Rolfe How to present and interpret the results of a meta-analysis using forest plots.  Spec peer review      
Pressure Mark Foss Gareth Peevers Introducing basic concepts of physical pressure. Released     X
Probability associated with inferential statistics David Justham, Heather Wharrad UCEL An introduction to probability, and the probability of sample errors affecting research results. RLO peer review X   X
Properties of Water Jennifer Dandrea, Richard Windle   Examining the chemical properties of water, including hydrogen bonding, and water's biological properties in the body. Concept X    
Protein synthesis Tony Farine     Concept      
Qualitative and quantitative research Stephen Timmons Caroline Burton Outlining the distinction between qualitative and quantitative methods of doing research. RLO peer review X    
Referencing your work with Modified Harvard Heather Wharrad, Jennifer Dandrea, Richard Windle Heather Rai Introduction to the modified Harvard style of literature referencing, incorporating an interactive referencing tool for students. RLO peer review X    
Relative risk reduction and absolute risk reduction Briony Leighton (GEM) Rob Cutforth This RLO considers how to measure and interpret the magnitude of effect in clinical trial results using relative risk reduction (RRR) and absolute risk reduction (ARR). Released Mar 06 X    
Renin-angiotensin system Ann Lawrie     Concept      
Respiratory ventilation: anatomy and mechanics Heather Bull Vivien Rolfe Presents the purpose of ventilation, the anatomical parts involved, and the muscular activity that enables ventilation to take place at rest. Released Mar 05      
Safe Intramuscular Injection Technique Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harding   This RLO outlines best practice in administering intramuscular injections. Specification peer review      
Search strategy for locating Randomised Controlled Trials Fiona Bath-Hextall Fred Riley Introduction to search strategies for locating randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in online databases. RLO peer review      
Sensitivity and Specificity Elaine Bentley Caroline Burton This RLO explains how diagnostic test accuracy is described by the terms sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity describes the accuracy of the test in detecting disease. Specificity describes the accuracy of the test in detecting health. Under development X    
SI units and calculating unit changes Carolyn Hardy, Richard Windle Liz Hilton To identify what SI units are, when they are used, and how to calculate unit changes. Released Oct 06 X    
Solutions and electrolytes Richard Windle Mike Taylor Examining the mechanisms of chemical solution and how solvents work, and the roles of ions and electrolytes in chemical activity within the body. Under development X    
Starlings forces Ann Lawrie Yiran Tian An examination of the roles of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure in movement of fluid and gases across the capillary wall. Released Jan 04      
Steps in conducting a systematic review Fiona Bath-Hextall Rob Cutforth This RLO outlines the five fundamental steps to conducting a systematic review of health care research so as identify, select and critically appraise relevant research. RLO peer review X    
Structure of the Atom Richard Windle Yiran Tian An introduction to basic atomic structure RLO peer review X    
Subcutaneous injections Carolyn Hardy, Martyn Harling, Julia Williams   Describes the theory and practical skill of the administration of subcutaneous injections. Concept      
Surrogate outcomes Julia Lacey (GEM) Rob Cutforth This RLO considers the type of evidence which should be used when making decisions about patient care. Released Mar 06 X    
Understanding Dyslexia: an Introduction Jo Sanderson-Mann Fred Riley An introduction to dyslexia, outlining both positive and negative aspects. Released Sep 05      
Understanding First Pass Metabolism Fiona Bath-Hextall Fred Riley Description of first pass metabolism of orally-administered drugs in the liver and GI tract Released     X
Using a Portfolio: a case study Mary Chapple, Janet Barker     Specification      
Using a published questionnaire Paul Garrud (GEM) Barry Wood Outlines the advantages and disadvantages of using published questionnaires, instead of developing a new questionnaire. Under development X    
Using databases to find journal articles Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton Liz Hilton An introduction to online databases of journals relevant to nurses (eg CINAHL, BNI). RLO peer review X    
Volume of distribution Tim Hills, Jo Lymn Lucrezia Herman Understanding and calculating the volume of distribution for prescribed drugs. Specification peer review   X  
What are journals? Jenny Drury, Wendy Stanton Liz Hilton Introduction to academic, professional, general and subject-based journals for nurses. RLO peer review X    
What counts as quality Portfolio evidence? Mary Chapple, Janet Barker     Specification      
What is referencing? Richard Windle Liz Hilton This RLO outlines the importance of referencing and how to refer to the work of others appropriately. Interactive tasks illustrate the range of materials that can be referenced and examples of plagiarism. Released Oct 06 X    
Why critique research? Stephen Timmons Caroline Burton Why published research needs to be appraised by readers. RLO peer review X    

Key to Table

Development Stages