Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology

CEBD Coronavirus Dermatology Resource

 

Back to CEBD Coronavirus Dermatology Resource Homepage 

 

What's new

*** We regret that as of 31 March 2021 this resource is now archived and no longer updated. We hope you have found it useful.

 

31/3/21

Dermatology and COVID-19: Much knowledge to date but still a lot to discover.
Le Cleach L.
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 12:S0151-9638(21)00030-2. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2021.03.001. Online ahead of print. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2021.03.001

The role of teleconsultation in the management of suspected skin malignancy in plastic surgery during COVID-19 outbreak: A single centre experience.
Koysombat K, Plonczak AM, West CA.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Mar 19:S1748-6815(21)00092-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.003. Online ahead of print. Cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.003

Extraordinary claims without extraordinary evidence controversy on anti-androgen therapy for COVID-19.
Trüeb RM, Régnier A, Caballero-Uribe N, Dias MFRG, Dutra Rezende H.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 30. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17249. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17249

Skin manifestations of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers. "COVID-arm": a clinical and histological characterization.
Fernandez-Nieto D, Hammerle J, Fernandez-Escribano M, Moreno-Del Real CM, Garcia-Abellas P, Carretero-Barrio I, Solano-Solares E, de-la-Hoz-Caballer B, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Ortega-Quijano D, Fernandez-Guarino M.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 30. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17250. Online ahead of print. Cohort / registry study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17250

Persistent maculopapular rash after the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.
Ackerman M, Henry D, Finon A, Binois R, Esteve E.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 30. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17248. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17248

 

30/3/21

Position statement of the EADV Melanoma Task Force on recommendations for the management of cutaneous melanoma patients during COVID-19.
Arenbergerova M, Lallas A, Nagore E, Rudnicka L, Forsea A, Pasek M, Meier F, Peris K, Olah J, Posch C.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 29. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17252. Online ahead of print. Guideline.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17252

May 2021: Heterogeneity in reported skin manifestations of COVID-19 and vaccines.
Kantor J.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 25:S0190-9622(21)00561-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.022. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.022

Cutaneous findings in SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory disease in children.
Blatz AM, Oboite M, Chiotos K, Castelo-Soccio L, Odom John AR; Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia MIS-C Research Collaborative.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 16;8(3):ofab074. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab074. eCollection 2021 Mar. Case series.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab074 

Young man with a diffuse rash and red eyes after recovery from COVID-2019.
Ben-Yakov M, James V.
J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2021 Mar 23;2(2):e12404. doi: 10.1002/emp2.12404. eCollection 2021 Apr. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12404

Lichen planus after SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with lopinavir/ritonavir.
Gimeno Castillo J, de la Torre Gomar FJ, Saenz Aguirre A.
Med Clin (Engl Ed). 2021 Mar 20. doi: 10.1016/j.medcle.2020.12.014. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2020.12.014

Vaccination against SARS-COV-2 and psoriasis: The three things every dermatologist should know.
Diotallevi F, Campanati A, Radi G, Martina E, Rizzetto G, Barbadoro P, D'Errico MM, Offidani A.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 29. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17256. Online ahead of print. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17256

Polyethylene glycol and polysorbate skin testing in the evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine reactions: Early report.
Pitlick MM, Sitek AN, Kinate SA, Joshi AY, Park MA.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Mar 25:S1081-1206(21)00188-5. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.03.012. Online ahead of print. Case series.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2021.03.012

What is new in occupational allergic contact dermatitis in the year of the COVID pandemic?
Lee EB, Lobl M, Ford A, DeLeo V, Adler BL, Wysong A.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2021 Mar 29;21(4):26. doi: 10.1007/s11882-021-01000-3. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-021-01000-3

A new virtual inpatient dermatology electronic referral service: a timely solution in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond?
Lowe A, Pararajasingam A, Ali FM, Dawood S, Lowe CD, Stone NM.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 29. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17257. Online ahead of print. Report / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17257

 

29/3/21

Nothing found.

 

28/3/21

Cutaneous manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 - a two-center, prospective, case-controlled study.
Unterluggauer L, Pospischil I, Krall C, Saluzzo S, Kimeswenger S, Karolyi M, Wenisch C, Lamprecht B, Guenova E, Winkler S, Viczenczova C, Bergthaler A, Weninger W, Hoetzenecker W, Stary G.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 23:S0190-9622(21)00619-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.064. Online ahead of print. Prospective case-control study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.064

Non-specific oral and cutaneous manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children.
Bardellini E, Bondioni MP, Amadori F, Veneri F, Lougaris V, Meini A, Plebani A, Majorana A.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 Mar 27:24461. doi: 10.4317/medoral.24461. Online ahead of print. Retrospective cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.24461

 

27/3/21

Psoriasis management during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recommendations by SIG Psoriasis (IADVL Academy).
Ganguly S, Parthasaradhi A, Thomas J, Arora S, Kumar P, Pradhan S, Saraswat A, Singh V, Komeravalli H.
Indian Dermatol Online J. 2021 Jan 16;12(1):58-65. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_685_20. eCollection 2021 Jan-Feb. Review & recommendations.
https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_685_20

Severe urticarial rash as the initial symptom of COVID-19 infection.
Pagali S, Parikh RS.
BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Mar 25;14(3):e241793. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2021-241793. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-241793

Henoch-Schönlein purpura with renal and gastrointestinal involvement in course of COVID-19: a case report.
Barbetta L, Filocamo G, Passoni E, Boggio F, Folli C, Monzani V.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021 Mar 24. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://www.clinexprheumatol.org/abstract.asp?a=16440

Beau-lines of the fingernails in association with pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Wolf GK, French LE.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14350. Online ahead of print. Case reports.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ddg.14350

Evaluation of teledermatology practice guidelines and recommendations for improvement.
Dovigi E, Lee I, Tejasvi T.
Telemed J E Health. 2021 Mar 25. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2021.0011. Online ahead of print. Systematic review.
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2021.0011

Understanding telemedicine's "new normal": Variations in telemedicine use by specialty line and patient demographics.
Drake C, Lian T, Cameron B, Medynskaya K, Bosworth HB, Shah K.
Telemed J E Health. 2021 Mar 25. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2021.0041. Online ahead of print. Research study / audit.
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2021.0041

 

26/3/21

Possible role of neuropilins in dermatological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Patrì A, Fabbrocini G.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 24. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15546. Online ahead of print. Commentary / review.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15546

Contact sensitizations to disinfectants containing alcohols or quaternary ammonium compounds are rarely of clinical relevance.
Kreipe K, Forkel S, Heinemann KE, Amschler K, Fuchs T, Geier J, Buhl T.
Contact Dermatitis. 2021 Mar 24. doi: 10.1111/cod.13844. Online ahead of print. Case series.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13844

COVID-19 "second wave" and vaccines: the dermatologists' perspective.
Burlando M, Russo R, Cozzani E, Parodi A.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15547. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15547

 

25/3/21

Risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and mortality in patients with psoriasis treated by interleukin-17 inhibitors.
Kridin K, Schonmann Y, Solomon A, Damiani G, Tzur Bitan D, Onn E, Weinstein O, Cohen AD.
J Dermatolog Treat. 2021 Mar 24:1-28. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1905766. Online ahead of print. Cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2021.1905766

Interest in aesthetics during COVID-19 pandemic: A Google Trends analysis.
Elsaie ML, Youssef EA.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 24. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14101. Online ahead of print. Internet search analysis.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14101

 

24/3/21

The significance of pressure injuries and purpura in COVID-19 patients hospitalized at a large urban academic medical center: A retrospective cohort study.
Rrapi R, Chand S, Lo JA, Gabel CK, Song S, Holcomb Z, Iriarte C, Moore K, Shi CR, Song H, Di Xia F, Yanes D, Gandhi R, Triant VA, Kroshinsky D.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 19:S0190-9622(21)00602-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.051. Online ahead of print. Cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.051

Onset of dermatomyositis in close association with COVID-19 - a first case reported.
Borges NH, Godoy TM, Kahlow BS.
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Mar 23:keab290. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab290. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab290

 

23/3/21

Risk of severe allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines among patients with allergic skin diseases - practical recommendations. A position statement of ETFAD with external experts.
Ring J, Worm M, Wollenberg A, Thyssen JP, Jakob T, Klimek L, Bangert C, Barbarot S, Bieber T, de Bruin-Weller MS, Chernyshov PV, Christen-Zaech S, Cork M, Darsow U, Flohr C, Fölster-Holst R, Gelmetti C, Gieler U, Gutermuth J, Heratizadeh A, Hijnen DJ, von Kobyletzki LB, Kunz B, Paul C, De Raeve, Seneschal J, Simon D, Spuls PI, Stalder JF, Svensson A, Szalai Z, Taieb A, Torrelo A, Trzeciak M, Vestergaard, Werfel T, Weidinger S, Deleuran M.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17237. Online ahead of print. Review & recommendations.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17237

"COVID arm": A reaction to the Moderna vaccine.
Wei N, Fishman M, Wattenberg D, Gordon M, Lebwohl M.
JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Feb 25. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.014. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.014

Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in Mexican patients: A case series and review of literature.
Palomo-Pérez JC, Vega-Memije ME, Aguilar-Blancas D, González-Martínez E, Rangel-Gamboa L.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2021 Feb 23;9:2050313X21997194. doi: 10.1177/2050313X21997194. eCollection 2021. Case series & review.
https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313x21997194

Acute urticaria as the initial presentation of COVID-19 in a pediatric patient.
Le NK, Brooks JP.
JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.03.001. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.03.001

Dermatological findings in patients admitting to dermatology clinic after using face masks during Covid-19 pandemia: A new health problem.
Esra İD, Ferit K.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 9:e14934. doi: 10.1111/dth.14934. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14934

How has the pandemic lockdown changed our daily facial skin care habits?
Scieszko E, Budny E, Rotsztejn H, Erkiert-Polguj A.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 9. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14059. Online ahead of print. Survey.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14059

Teledermatology addressing disparities in health care access: a review.
Maddukuri S, Patel J, Lipoff JB.
Curr Dermatol Rep. 2021 Mar 12:1-8. doi: 10.1007/s13671-021-00329-2. Online ahead of print. Review.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13671-021-00329-2

Dermoscopy in the COVID-19 era: Magnifying the gap for clinicians.
Hussain K, Marghoob AA, Patel NP.
Dermatol Pract Concept. 2021 Mar 8;11(2):e2021069. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1102a69. eCollection 2021 Mar. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.1102a69

Chitin-lipid interactions and the potential relationship between Demodex and SARS-CoV-2.
Tatu AL, Nadasdy T, Nwabudike LC.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 9:e14935. doi: 10.1111/dth.14935. Online ahead of print. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14935

 

22/3/21

Augmented interferon I signaling in a patient with COVID toes.
Komura K, Ichimura Y, Okiyama N, Watanabe K, Muramoto H, Matsushita T.
J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 21. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.15864. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15864

The risk of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus: A population-based cohort study.
Kridin K, Schonmann Y, Weinstein O, Schmidt E, Ludwig RJ, Cohen AD.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 17:S0190-9622(21)00589-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.087. Online ahead of print. Case-control / cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.087

Comment on "An Evidence-Based Guide to SARS-Cov-2 Vaccination of Patients on Immunotherapies in Dermatology.".
Speeckaert R, Lambert J, Puig L, Speeckaert M, Lapeere H, De Schepper S, van Geel N.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 17:S0190-9622(21)00584-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.038. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.038

Preliminary outcomes of 2020-2021 dermatology residency application cycle and adverse effects of COVID-19.
Thatiparthi A, Martin A, Liu J, Wu JJ.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 17:S0190-9622(21)00580-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.034. Online ahead of print. Report / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.034

 

21/3/21

Acral changes in pediatric patients during COVID 19 pandemic: Registry report from the COVID 19 response task force of the society of pediatric dermatology (SPD) and pediatric dermatology research alliance (PeDRA).
Castelo-Soccio L, Lara-Corrales I, Paller AS, Bean E, Rangu S, Oboite M, Flohr C, Ahmad RC, Calberg V, Gilliam A, Pope E, Reynolds S, Sibbald C, Shin HT, Berger E, Schaffer J, Siegel MP, Cordoro KM.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/pde.14566. Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.14566

A 34-year-old woman with a diamniotic dichorionic twin pregnancy presenting with an erythematous and papular skin rash associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Oropeza Chávez L, Sánchez Tinajero Á, Martínez Orozco JA, Becerril Vargas E, Dolores De la Merced A, Ruíz Santillán DP, Delgado Cueva AI, Alvarado Peña N.
Am J Case Rep. 2021 Mar 20;22:e929489. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.929489. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.12659/ajcr.929489

Multiple system inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in an adult and an adolescent.
Bastug A, Aslaner H, Aybar Bilir Y, Kemirtlek N, Gursoy FM, Bastug S, Bodur H.
Rheumatol Int. 2021 Mar 19. doi: 10.1007/s00296-021-04843-1. Online ahead of print. Review & case reports.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04843-1

 

20/3/21

"Idiopathic perniosis presenting as acral purpuric lesions: clustering of cases before COVID-19 pandemic and their comparison with chilblain like lesions reported in the literature".
Jindal R, Chauhan P, Goyal D, Shirazi N.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 19:e14951. doi: 10.1111/dth.14951. Online ahead of print. Case series.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14951

New onset of alopecia areata in a patient with SARS-COV-2 infection: Possible pathogenetic correlations?
Rossi A, Magri F, Michelini S, Sernicola A, Muscianese M, Caro G, Di Fraia M, Chello C, Fortuna MC, Grieco T.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 19. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14080. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14080

Black swan events.
Elston DM.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 15:S0190-9622(21)00246-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.086. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.086

 

19/3/21

Recurrence of chilblains during a second contact with SARS-CoV-2: a case report.
Maanaoui S, Salez F, Carpentier O.
Br J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 18. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20070. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.20070

Atypical cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestation of SARS-CoV-2: 'COVID-19 toes' and spasticity in a 48-year-old woman.
Kopacz A, Ludwig C, Tarbox M.
BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Mar 17;14(3):e241410. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-241410. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241410

Managing interventional clinical trials in the setting of COVID-19: Experience in an autoimmune skin disease unit.
Borucki R, Concha JSS, Burroughs J, Okawa J, Werth VP.
JAAD Int. 2021 Mar;2:94-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Dec 9. Report / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdin.2020.11.002

Hypersensitivity reaction to hyaluronic acid dermal filler following novel coronavirus infection - a case report.
Rowland-Warmann MJ.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 18. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14074. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14074

Cosmetic consumer preferences during COVID-19 pandemic: A new normal?
Wang JV, Munavalli GS, Zachary CB, Geronemus RG.
Dermatol Surg. 2021 Mar 9. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002969. Online ahead of print. Survey.
https://doi.org/10.1097/dss.0000000000002969

 

18/3/21

Follow-up of dermatological manifestations in non-critical hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and their prognostic correlation with disease severity.
García-Irigoyen A, Acatitla-Acevedo GA, Barrera-Godínez A, Méndez-Flores S, Domínguez-Cherit J.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 17. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17236. Online ahead of print. Case-control study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17236

Cutaneous manifestations in a series of 417 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: epidemiological and clinical correlates of chilblain like lesions.
Brancaccio G, Gussetti N, Sasset L, Alaibac M, Tarantello M, Salmaso R, Trevenzoli M, Cattelan AM.
Pathog Glob Health. 2021 Mar 17:1-4. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2021.1901040. Online ahead of print. Prospective cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2021.1901040

Facial pressure injuries and the COVID-19 pandemic: skin protection care to enhance staff safety in an acute hospital setting.
Moore Z, McEvoy NL, Avsar P, McEvoy L, Curley G, O'Connor T, Budri A, Nugent L, Walsh S, Bourke F, Patton D.
J Wound Care. 2021 Mar 2;30(3):162-170. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.3.162. Survey / cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2021.30.3.162

Risk of COVID-19 infection in adult patients with atopic eczema and psoriasis: a single centre, cross-sectional study.
Yiu ZZN, Harding G, Griffiths CEM, Warren RB, McMullen E, Hunter HJA. Cross-sectional study.
Br J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 17. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20062. Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.20062

Teledermoscopy of common pink, flat and scaly lesions as an adjuvant diagnostic method in everyday clinical practice: So far, so close.
Papadimitriou I, Bakirtzi K, Sotiriou E, Lallas A, Vakirlis E, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 17. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17235. Online ahead of print. Retrospective research study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17235

Dermatology applicant perspectives of a virtual visiting rotation in the era of COVID-19.
Adusumilli NC, Kalen J, Hausmann K, Friedman AJ.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 13:S0190-9622(21)00571-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.085. Online ahead of print. Survey.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.085

 

17/3/21

Prevalence and pattern of acute dermatological manifestations of the novel Covid-19 infection at a Covid-19 treatment center in sub-Saharan Africa.
Anaba EL.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 16:e14953. doi: 10.1111/dth.14953. Online ahead of print. Prospective cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14953

Periocular capillaritis in a COVID-19 positive patient: report of a case.
Paganelli A, Garbarino F, Bigi L.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17227. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17227

SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus coinfection involving the skin of an Argentinian female.
Maria Victoria R, Thais C, Quiroga F, Andrea C, Sandra G, Eric Oscar M.
Int J Womens Dermatol. 2021 Mar 11. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.03.004. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.03.004

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A plenary session from the GRAPPA 2020 Annual Meeting.
Mease PJ, Calabrese LH, Callis Duffin K, Haberman RH, Firmino R, Scher JU, Schick L, Winthrop K, Merola JF.
J Rheumatol. 2021 Mar 15:jrheum.201671. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.201671. Online ahead of print. Report / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.201671

COVID-19 pandemic and autoimmune bullous diseases: A cross-sectional study of the International Pemphigus and Pemphigoid Foundation.
Kasperkiewicz M, Yale M, Strong R, Zillikens D, Woodley DT, Recke A.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17228. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17228

Prompt onset of erythema multiforme following the first BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Gambichler T, Scholl L, Ocker L, Stranzenbach R.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17225. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17225

Lichen planus arising after COVID-19 vaccination.
Hiltun I, Sarriugarte J, Martínez-de-Espronceda I, Garcés A, Llanos C, Vives R, Yanguas JI.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 16. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17221. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17221

Dermatology outpatient clinic outcomes after COVID-19 outbreak: What is new normal?
Çaytemel C, Erdem O, AĞırgöl Ş, TürkoĞlu Z.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 16:e14950. doi: 10.1111/dth.14950. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study / case review.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14950

 

16/3/21

SDRIFE-like rash in COVID-19 patient: drug reaction or another cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV-2?
Bevilaqua M, Ribolli GB, Luzzatto L, Fernandes JC, Pasqualotto AC, Bonamigo RR.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 14. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15537. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15537

Dietary deprivation during the COVID-19 pandemic producing acquired vulval zinc-deficiency dermatitis.
James M, Philippidou M, Duncan M, Goolamali S, Basu T, Walsh S.
Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Mar 15. doi: 10.1111/ced.14605. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14605

Transparent film as an alternative to face mask for decreasing the risk of coronavirus disease transmission during head and neck surgery.
Kim JW, Huh CH, Mun JH.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 15:e14945. doi: 10.1111/dth.14945. Online ahead of print. Report / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14945

 

15/3/21

Pernio (chilblains), SARS-CoV-2, and COVID toes unified through cutaneous and systemic mechanisms.
Cappel MA, Cappel JA, Wetter DA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2021 Jan 21:S0025-6196(21)00046-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.01.009. Online ahead of print. Review.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.01.009

Oral candidiasis of COVID-19 patients: Case report and review of evidence.
Riad A, Gomaa E, Hockova B, Klugar M.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 13. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14066. Online ahead of print. Case reports & review.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14066

Teledermatology in times of COVID-19.
Stadler PC, Senner S, Frey S, Clanner-Engelshofen BM, H Frommherz L, French LE, Reinholz M.
J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 14. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.15812. Online ahead of print. Patient survey.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15812

 

14/3/21

Nothing found.

 

13/3/21

Health problems and skin damages caused by personal protective equipment: Experience of frontline nurses caring for critical COVID-19 patients in intensive care units.
Jose S, Cyriac MC, Dhandapani M.
Indian J Crit Care Med. 2021 Feb;25(2):134-139. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23713. Survey / cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23713

 

12/3/21

Chilblain-like acral lesions in long COVID-19: management and implications for understanding microangiopathy.
Mehta P, Bunker CB, Ciurtin C, Porter JC, Chambers RC, Papdopoulou C, Garthwaite H, Hillman T, Heightman M, Howell KJ, Eleftheriou D, Denton CP.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 8:S1473-3099(21)00133-X. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00133-X. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00133-x

Unemployment and health-related quality of life in melanoma patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Guo Y, Shen M, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Zhao S, Yin M, Bu W, Wang Y, Chen X, Su J.
Front Public Health. 2021 Feb 22;9:630620. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.630620. eCollection 2021. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.630620

Association of home light therapy with patient-reported outcomes of vitiligo during the COVID-19 pandemic: an internet-based survey.
Xu Z, Jin S, Dai X, Xiang LF, Zhang C.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2021 Mar 11. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12675. Online ahead of print. Survey / cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/phpp.12675

 

11/3/21

Response to "New-onset pustular psoriasis in the setting of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection causing coronavirus disease 2019".
Assan F, Sbidian E, Bachelez H.
JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.024. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.024

Supporting virtual dermatology consultation in the setting of COVID-19.
Kutner A, Love D, Markova A, Rossi A, Lee E, Nehal K, Lacouture M, Rotemberg V.
J Digit Imaging. 2021 Mar 10. doi: 10.1007/s10278-021-00425-6. Online ahead of print. Report & commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-021-00425-6

 

10/3/21

Varicella complicated with pneumonia in a patient infected by COVID-19: the need to rule out other viral coinfections in SARS-CoV-2 patients with vesicular eruptions.
Lopez-Trujillo E, Rodriguez Mercader S, Güerri-Fernández R, Arrieta Aldea I, Pujol RM, Martin-Ezquerra G.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 9. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15515. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15515

COVID-19: a possible trigger for oral lichen planus?
Burgos-Blasco P, Fernandez-Nieto D, Selda-Enriquez G, Melian-Olivera A, De Perosanz-Lobo D, Dominguez-Santas M, Alonso-Castro L.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 8. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15529. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15529

Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the early diagnosis of melanoma.
Fernández Canedo MI, de Troya Martín M, Rivas Ruíz F.
Med Clin (Engl Ed). 2021 Mar 3. doi: 10.1016/j.medcle.2020.12.006. Online ahead of print. Retrospective cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2020.12.006

Dermatology virtual consultations - are we providing the best care for our patients?
Patel NP, Fearfield L.
Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Mar 9. doi: 10.1111/ced.14632. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14632

 

9/3/21

Dermatological manifestations during COVID-19 infection: a case series and discussion on the problem of differential diagnosis.
Ridolo E, Pucciarini F, Barone A, Nouvenne A, Meschi T, Peveri S, Incorvaia C.
Acta Biomed. 2021 Feb 9;92(1):e2021103. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92i1.11236. Case reports.
https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i1.11236

COVID-19 and oral lesions, short communication and review.
Egido-Moreno S, Valls-Roca-Umbert J, Jané-Salas E, López-López J, Estrugo-Devesa A.
J Clin Exp Dent. 2021 Mar 1;13(3):e287-e294. doi: 10.4317/jced.57981. eCollection 2021 Mar. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.57981

Coronavirus vaccination adverse reactions and the role of the dermatologist.
Pulsipher KJ, Presley CL, Waller JD, Szeto MD, Laughter MR, Dellavalle RP.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2021 Mar 1;20(3):351-352. doi: 10.36849/JDD.2021.5899. Review / commentary.
https://doi.org/10.36849/jdd.2021.5899

Primary health care and family physicians provide frontline care to the dermatology patients during the era of COVID-19: Recommendations and future directions.
Al-Khateeb B.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Dec 31;9(12):5862-5866. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1393_20. eCollection 2020 Dec. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1393_20

Is systemic isotretinoin use a risk factor for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
Gundogdu M, Dere G.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 8. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14044. Online ahead of print. Retrospective cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14044

"Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to hyaluronic acid dermal filler post COVID-19 viral infection".
Shome D, Doshi K, Vadera S, Kapoor R.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Mar 8. doi: 10.1111/jocd.14046. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14046

Oral angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of delayed inflammatory reaction of dermal hyaluronic acid fillers following COVID-19 vaccination - A model for inhibition of angiotensin II-induced cutaneous inflammation.
Munavalli GG, Knutsen-Larson S, Lupo MP, Geronemus RG.
JAAD Case Rep. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.018. Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.02.018

 

8/3/21

A response to ''Mucocutaneous disease and related clinical characteristics in hospitalized children and adolescents with COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children''.
Sert A.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Mar 4:S0190-9622(21)00487-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.076. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.076

 

7/3/21

Nothing found

 

6/3/21

Skin manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Are they indicators for disease severity? A systematic review.
Jamshidi P, Hajikhani B, Mirsaeidi M, Vahidnezhad H, Dadashi M, Nasiri MJ.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 16;8:634208. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.634208. eCollection 2021. Systematic review.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.634208

Inflammation and vascular injury as the basis of COVID-19 skin changes: Preliminary analysis of 23 patients from the literature [Letter].
Tatu AL, Nadasdy T, Bujoreanu FC.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2021 Feb 26;14:185-186. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S305847. eCollection 2021. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s305847

Oral manifestations in mild-to-moderate cases of COVID-19 viral infection in the adult population.
Abubakr N, Salem ZA, Kamel AHM.
Dent Med Probl. 2021 Mar 5. doi: 10.17219/dmp/130814. Online ahead of print. Survey / cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.17219/dmp/130814

Alopecia and severity of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in Peru.
Salazar Arenas MÁ, Muñoz Del Carpio-Toia A, Aybar Galdos J, Rodriguez-Morales AJ.
Infez Med. 2021 Mar 1;29(1):37-45. Cross-sectional study.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33664171/

COVID-19 vaccination and psoriatic patients under biologics: real-life evidence on safety and effectiveness from Italian vaccinated healthcare workers.
Damiani G, Allocco F; Young Dermatologists Italian Network, Malagoli PO.
Clin Exp Dermatol. 2021 Mar 5. doi: 10.1111/ced.14631. Online ahead of print. Case reports.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14631

Certolizumab pegol in the treatment of psoriasis: Real-life data.
Turkmen M, Dogan S.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Mar 4:e14929. doi: 10.1111/dth.14929. Online ahead of print. Retrospective cohort study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14929

Impact of delay in follow-up due to COVID-19 pandemic on skin cancer progression: a real-life experience from an Italian hub hospital.
Valenti M, Pavia G, Gargiulo L, Facheris P, Nucca O, Mancini L, Sacrini F, Borroni RG, Narcisi A, Costanzo A.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15501. Online ahead of print. Retrospective case-control study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15501

[A new reality for the Mexican dermatology?].
Espinoza-González NA.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2021 Feb 2;59(1):1-3. doi: 10.24875/RMIMSS.M21000045. Spanish. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.24875/rmimss.m21000045

COVID-19 pandemic ushering in the era of teledermatology.
Taneja N, Gupta V.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2021 Feb 24:1-2. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_515_20. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.25259/ijdvl_515_20

 

5/3/21

The skin as a target for SARS-CoV-2 infection: exploiting the web for suitable data.
Naldi L.
Br J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/bjd.19877. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19877

Telogen effluvium in the new SARS-CoV-2 era.
Ocampo-Garza SS, Vastarella M, Nappa P, Cantelli M, Fabbrocini G.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15482. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15482

COVID-19 vaccination challenge: history lessons from a dermatologist's perspective.
Fernandez-Nieto D, Ortega-Quijano D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Burgos-Blasco P, Bea-Ardebol S.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15449. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15449

 

4/3/21

Cold and COVID: Recurrent pernio during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Freeman EE, McMahon DE, Lipoff JB, Rosenbach M, Desai SR, Fassett M, French LE, Lim HW, Hruza GJ, Fox LP.
Br J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 3. doi: 10.1111/bjd.19894. Online ahead of print. Patient registry study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19894

Updated international expert recommendations for the management of autoimmune bullous diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Kasperkiewicz M, Schmidt E, Amagai M, Fairley JA, Joly P, Murrell DF, Payne AS, Yale ML, Zillikens D, Woodley DT.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17207. Online ahead of print. Review & recommendations.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17207

Reducing discomfort and irritation related to surgical loop masks in the era of COVID-19: A quality improvement initiative.
Sakya SM, Svoboda RM, Kim Y, Flamm A.
Dermatitis. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000719. Online ahead of print. Research study.
https://doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000719

 

3/3/21

Association between COVID-19 and chilblains: A case-control study.
Ortega-Quijano D, Fernandez-Nieto D, Jimenez-Cauhe J, Cortes-Cuevas JL, Marcos-Mencia D, Rodriguez-Dominguez M, Segurado-Miravalles G, Fernandez-Guarino M, Jaen-Olasolo P.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17195. Online ahead of print. Case-control study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17195

Chilblains in a child with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: a red flag for late onset skin manifestation in previously infected individuals.
Neri I, Conti F, Virdi A, Guglielmo A, Leonardi L, Corsini I, Ghizzi C, Gabrielli L, Lazzarotto T, Lanari M, Patrizi A, Misciali C.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17194. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17194

Are oral mucosal changes a sign of COVID-19? A cross-sectional study at a field hospital.
Nuño González A, Magaletsky K, Martín Carrillo P, Lozano Masdemont B, Mayor Ibarguren A, Feito Rodríguez M, Herranz Pinto P.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2021 Feb 27:S0001-7310(21)00107-1. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.007. Online ahead of print. Spanish, English version to follow. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.007

Insights into COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis on systemic treatments.
Gisondi P, Geat D, Naldi L, Piaserico S.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar 1. doi: 10.1111/jdv.17200. Online ahead of print. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17200

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and immunotherapy in dermatology.
Rodríguez-Villa Lario A, Vega-Díez D, Polo-Rodríguez I.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2021 Feb 27:S0001-7310(21)00104-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.006. Online ahead of print. Spanish, English version to follow. Commentary / review.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.006

Androgens and women: COVID-19 outcomes in women with acne vulgaris, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and hirsutism.
Yale K, Elsanadi R, Ghigi A, Zheng K, Goren A, Mesinkovska NA.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15473. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15473

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dermatologic practice: an Italian survey.
Lambertini M, Patrizi A, Peris K, Marasco G, Toselli M, Marcelli E, Giampieri E, Mussi M, Dika E.
Eur J Dermatol. 2021 Mar 1. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2021.3970. Online ahead of print. Survey.
https://doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2021.3970

Surgical simulation and digital tools for surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Luque-Luna M, Morgado-Carrasco D.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2021 Feb 27:S0001-7310(21)00099-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.005. Online ahead of print.  Spanish, English version to follow. Commentary.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2021.02.005

 

2/3/21

COVID-19 skin eruptions: incidence in hospitalized patients in Bologna.
Gaspari V, Orioni G, Misciali C, Viviani F, Zengarini C.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Feb 28. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15509. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15509

Covid-19 and oral diseases: Crosstalk, synergy or association?
Brandini DA, Takamiya AS, Thakkar P, Schaller S, Rahat R, Naqvi AR.
Rev Med Virol. 2021 Mar 1. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2226. Online ahead of print. Review.
https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2226

Furin expression in patients with psoriasis-A patient cohort endangered to SARS-COV2?
Graier T, Golob-Schwarzl N, Weger W, Benezeder T, Painsi C, Salmhofer W, Wolf P.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 10;8:624462. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.624462. eCollection 2021. Observational study.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.624462

COVID-19-associated surge of atopic dermatitis.
[No authors listed]
EBioMedicine. 2021 Feb;64:103268. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103268. Editorial.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103268

Young HIV-positive male patient with severe atopic dermatitis on dupilumab and SARS-CoV-2 infection, a pioneer hypothesis.
Ordóñez-Rubiano MF, Rubiano-Mojica PC, Casas M.
Int J Dermatol. 2021 Feb 28. doi: 10.1111/ijd.15499. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.15499

 

1/3/21

Comment on "The spectrum of COVID-19-associated dermatologic manifestations: An international registry of 716 patients from 31 countries".
Baab K, Dunnick C, Dellavalle RP.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Feb 25:S0190-9622(21)00419-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.055. Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.055

Reply To "Comment on 'The spectrum of COVID-19-associated dermatologic manifestations: an international registry of 716 patients from 31 countries'".
Freeman EE, McMahon DE, Desai SR, Fox LP.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Feb 25:S0190-9622(21)00420-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.056. Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.056

Gianotti-crosti syndrome in the setting of recent coronavirus disease-19 infection.
Swali RN, Lee EB, Adams JL.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Feb 28. doi: 10.1111/pde.14518. Online ahead of print. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.14518

Sudden neck swelling with rash as late manifestation of COVID-19: a case report.
Giannitto C, Bonifacio C, Esposito S, Ammirabile A, Mercante G, De Virgilio A, Spriano G, Heffler E, Lofino L, Politi LS, Balzarini L.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 27;21(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-05911-4. Case report.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05911-4

COVID-19 impacts on dermatologic surgery patients: a single institution experience.
Danesh MJ, Porter M, Brag K, Salian P, Olbricht S.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Feb 25:S0190-9622(21)00425-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.060. Online ahead of print. Cross-sectional study / audit.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.060

 

Back to CEBD Coronavirus Dermatology Resource Homepage

Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology

The University of Nottingham
Applied Health Research Building
University Park, Nottingham
NG7 2RD


telephone: +44 (0) 115 84 68631
email: cebd@nottingham.ac.uk