2 Why study languages? This section aims to demonstrate the importance of learning languages and give you a taste of a variety of different languages. Before we Conclusion This free course provided an introduction to studying Languages. It took you through a series of exercises designed to develop your approach to study and learning at a distance, and helped to improve your confidence as an independent learner. 3 Studying languages This section will encourage you to think about language courses that lead to recognised qualifications. 1.3 Function among locals There are often situations where not being able to speak a language can hold some people back from taking a job transfer abroad. If you have language skills, you will be a lot more confident about day-to-day tasks, if you are living abroad. Even if your job does only require you to know English, you will adjust a lot easier if you do know the local language. It can help with shopping, buying a house, or sending your children to school. It can also help you to make friends. 1.2 Be a knight in shining armour In your own country or abroad, being bilingual puts you in the position to be an ad-hoc translator. Even people who speak English are often not saying what they mean to say because of translation errors. It's generally fun to be able to help others. Not only does someone else benefit, but most speakers appreciate that their linguistic knowledge is being put to good use. 1.1 Careers advice This section will help to make you aware of career opportunities within a variety employment sectors, and highlight the importance of learning languages for your career. Epidemiology: An introduction Exploring issues in women's health 6. Conclusion This course explored at length some of the difficult issues around the topic of communication, difference and diversity. The analysis of three specific dimensions of ‘difference’ – ethnicity, gender and disability – showed some of the complexities involved in any discussion of these issues. As you reach the end of this free course, you may feel overwhelmed by the range of perspectives and approaches described. The Introduction claimed that good or effective communication involves taki 5.4 The politics of disability Below you will find links to three support groups. You can select just one of the groups or you may choose to look at all three. Answe 3.15 Exploring anti-oppressive practice Click to read: Anti-Oppressive Practice 3.12 Services for inter-ethnic communications Another way in which services have attempted to respond to issues of inter-ethnic communication is the provision of services for people whose first language is not English. You may remember this appeared to be the key ‘problem’ in the case study which launched the discussion of ‘difference’ in Section 1. As noted there, poor communication in health services can have serious consequences, leading to misdiagnosis, ineffective interventions and, in extreme circumstances, preventable deat 3.10 Working with difference If ‘racial’ or ethnic differences are produced as part of a process that ‘racialises’ certain groups as ‘other’, how should services respond to the issue of difference? What practical steps can service providers take to ensure all members of the population, whatever their assumed ethnicity, have equal access to services and can participate fully? Lena Robinson is a psychologist and social work educator who has written extensively on issues of cross-cultural communication for 2.7.3 Identities have different and changing meanings Aspects of identity may have different meanings at different times in people's lives, and the meanings that they attribute to aspects of their identity (for example, ethnicity) may be different from the meaning it has for others (for example, being black may be a source of pride for you, but the basis of someone else's negative stereotyping). 2.7.2 Identities are dynamic The identities people assume, and the relative importance they attach to them, change over time because of both personal change in their lives and change in the external world (for example, as a result of changing ideas about disability). Consequently, identity should not be seen as something ‘fixed’ within people. 2.5 ‘Difference’ and identity If differences on the basis of gender, ethnicity and disability are socially constructed, how should people view their identities, for example as men, or disabled people, or people of African–Caribbean origin? Where do such identities come from, and how useful are they in explaining people's experience of communication in care services? 2.1 A communication ‘problem’? This course starts by exploring at a general level the relationship between ideas of ‘difference’ and issues of interpersonal communication. In the first activity, you will consider a brief case study that offers a way into discussing these issues, which can at times seem quite complex and entangled. The case study is taken from research into the health and social care needs of black communities in the Brighton, Hove and Lewes area in the south of England (Yazdani and Anju, 1994, quoted i 1. Introducing diversity and difference This course focuses on issues of difference and diversity in a specific sense. Rather than analysing diversity in terms of kinds of communication and relationships, the focus here shifts to diversity in terms the people involved in interactions in care settings. Again, it is simple common sense to state that ‘good’ communication in health and social care services involves acknowledging and responding to the diverse needs and backgrounds of everyone involved, whether service References 8 Establishing boundaries Imagine now that you are Marie's manager and you decide to call in at the unit on your way back from a
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Public health interventions need to be built on an evidence base and part of this evidence comes from epidemiology: the study of how and why diseases occur. Epidemiology is a bit like a game of detection. It involves identifying diseases, finding out which groups of people are at risk, tracking down causes and so on. This free course, Epidemiology: An introduction, looks at some key types of data used in epidemiology, such as statistics on death and ill health, and introduces some techniques use
This free course, Exploring issues in women's health, will introduce social model approaches to health and wellbeing, which take as their starting point not the scientific context of the body, but the social context in which women live. The focus is on women and the impact of social and cultural factors on women's health. The course touches on various issues concerning women's health, such as abortion, periods, the menopause, mental health and fertility.Author(s):
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Activity 6 Managing the hidden culture
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Brown, H. and Smith, H. (1989) ‘Whose “ordinary life” is it anyway?’, Disability, Handicap and Society, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp.105–19.
Craft, A. and Brown, H. (1994) ‘Personal relationships and sexuality: the staff role’, in Craft, A. (ed.) Practical Issues in Sexuality and Learning Disabilities, Routledge, London, pp. 10–22.
Enfield Social Services (1
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