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Jonathan Ball

Professor of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences

Personal Details
Science Communication
Research
Publications

Contact

workRoom Microbiology, A Floor West Block QMC
Queen's Medical Centre
Nottingham
NG7 2UH
UK
work0115 82 30745
fax0115 82 30759
jonathan.ball@nottingham.ac.uk
www.nottingham.ac.uk/life-sciences

Biography

I have temporarily replaced my biography with a request for research help.

We are currently recruiting healthy volunteers who have fully recovered from a laboratory confirmed diagnosis of COVID19 (novel coronavirus) infection to donate a small sample of blood for ongoing antibody studies. If you would like to take part in this study then please email me (jonathan.ball@nottingham.ac.uk) ensuring that the subject line contains the following phrase "COVID Antibody Study".

Expertise Summary

Our interests focus on antibody-based vaccine and/or therapeutic monoclonal antibody discovery for emerging virus infections such as Ebola, Lassa Fever, Nipah, SARS-related coronaviruses to name a few. Antibody discovery platforms being utilised include direct single cell cloning of human and/or bovine antibody repertoires. As part of this work, we also investigate the role of virus evolution in antibody escape and also its influence on cell and host tropism. Finally, we are applying high throughput DNA sequencing (metagenomics) for virus discovery, then using surrogate cell infection assays (especially lentivirus and retrovirus-based pseudovirus assays) to determine the host-range, and therefore zoonotic and epizootic potential (ie. species-jumps) of newly discovered viruses. IN collaboration with colleagues in the School fo Veterinary Medicine and Science, we apply this knowledge to animal viruses, such as Bluetongue virus.

Research Summary

Selected Publications

URBANOWICZ RA, MCCLURE CP, SAKUNTABHAI A, SALL AA, KOBINGER G, MÜLLER MA, HOLMES EC, REY FA, SIMON-LORIERE E and BALL JK, 2016. Human Adaptation of Ebola Virus during the West African Outbreak. Cell. 167(4), 1079-1087.e5
LACEK K, URBANOWICZ RA, TROISE F, DE LORENZO C, SEVERINO V, DI MARO A, TARR AW, FERRARA F, PLOSS A, TEMPERTON N, BALL JK, NICOSIA A, CORTESE R and PESSI A, 2014. Dramatic Potentiation of the Antiviral Activity of HIV Antibodies by Cholesterol Conjugation. The Journal of biological chemistry. 289(50), 35015-28
URBANOWICZ, R. A., MCCLURE, C. P., BROWN, R. J., TSOLERIDIS, T., PERSSON, M. A., KREY, T., IRVING, W. L., BALL, J. K. and TARR, A. W., 2016. A Diverse Panel of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins for Use in Vaccine Research Reveals Extremes of Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Resistance: J Virol J Virol. 90(7), 3288-301
MCCLURE, C. P., URBANOWICZ, R. A., KING, B. J., CANO-CRESPO, S., TARR, A. W. and BALL, J. K., 2016. Flexible and rapid construction of viral chimeras applied to Hepatitis C Virus: J Gen Virol J Gen Virol.

View all publications

Following my British Science Association media fellowship at the BBC, I have become an avid science communicator. Here are some of my online and radio pieces, and I am always looking for opportunities for more, so please get in touch!

Broadcast radio packages

1. Report on global warming and increased risk of exotic viral infections. BBC World Service Health Check. First broadcast on 19^th September 2012 and repeated on 20^th and 23^rd September 2012.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00ys6mq

2. Report on the science of viral zoonoses. BBC World Service Science in Action. First broadcast on 4^th October 2012 and repeated on the 5^th October 2012.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00yk1pw

Published articles since fellowship

1. Expert opinion: Schmallenberg virus is here to stay

https://www.agra-net.net/agra/animal-pharm/regions/europe/schmallenberg-virus-is-here-to-stay-says-uk-academic-29565.htm

2. Viewpoint: Farm virus spreads to deer

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-21541997

3. What Ebola virus means for primate populations

http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/20593634

4. Winter bugs: A yearly battle for dominance

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-20910554

Published articles

1. English language 'originated in Turkey'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19368988

2. More planets could harbour life

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-1954518

3. Fish oils 'help slow age decline'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19494801

4. Goby fish 6,000km apart share eyeless common ancestor

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19440500

5. Nanoparticle 'risk' to food crops

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19320267

6. Neanderthal breeding idea doubted

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19250778

7. Fruit flies learn to spot eligible females by smell

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-1929906

8. Lethal snake viruses identified

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19261506

9. System could warn of solar storms

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19276003

10. Triassic amber yields 'ancient mites'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19400520

11. Karate punching power 'all in the brain'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19290320

12. Chimpanzee grooming is a 'postcode lottery'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19410351

13. 'Super soup' test in asthma trial

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19514334

14. Brian Cox: Science cash hike 'a wise gamble'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19513921

15. Antarctica warmth 'unusual, but not unique'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19348427

16. Small dinosaur 'hunted like cat'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19426885

17. Nudge tactics 'no magic bullet'

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19506608

18. Stereotypes 'evolve like language', say researchers

www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19487021

Radio production and research

1. Identified and researched item on potential use of bateriophage for the treatment of acne. BBC World Service Health Check. First broadcast on 26^th September and repeated on 27^th September 2012.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00z1jx9

2. Researched and prepared briefing notes for items on Integrated Assessment Models and on bumblebee navigation and helped with production. BBC Radio 4 Material World. First broadcast on 20^th September and repeated on 24^th September 2012.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01mqq9x

3. Researched and prepared briefing notes for an item celebrating the anniversary of the publication of the book Silent Spring and helped with production. BBC Radio 4 Material World. First broadcast on 27^th September 2012.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01mwzwj

Current Research

We are particularly interested in understanding how genetic variability influences envelope glycoprotein structure and function, and defining the host antibody response to these proteins. Ultimately we aim to use this knowledge to design new antibody-based vaccines and treatments. Current research is focussed on the emerging viruses SARS-CoV-2 (the cause of COVID19), Lassa Fever, Nipah and Rabies, as well as blood borne viruses like HCV.

Following a British Science Association Media Fellowship, I have become a science communicator convert and continue to be involved with broadcast media and write scientific articles for outlets such as BBC News.

Future Research

Clinical trials of antibody-based vaccines and treatments.

TSOLERIDIS T, CHAPPELL JG, ONIANWA O, MARSTON DA, FOOKS AR, MONCHATRE-LEROY E, UMHANG G, MÜLLER MA, DREXLER JF, DROSTEN C, TARLINTON RE, MCCLURE CP, HOLMES EC and BALL JK, 2019. Shared Common Ancestry of Rodent Alphacoronaviruses Sampled Globally. Viruses. 11(2),
JALAL PJ, KING BJ, SAEED A, ADEDEJI Y, MASON CP, BALL JK, IRVING WL, MCCLURE CP and TARR AW, 2019. Elevated serum activity of MBL and ficolin-2 as biomarkers for progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic HCV infection. Virology. 530, 99-106
JALAL PJ, URBANOWICZ RA, HORNCASTLE E, PATHAK M, GODDARD C, SAEED A, MASON CP, BALL JK, IRVING WL, MCCLURE CP, KING BJ and TARR AW, 2019. Expression of human ficolin-2 in hepatocytes confers resistance to infection by diverse hepatotropic viruses. Journal of medical microbiology. 68(4), 642-648
FITZGERALD, JAMES M., PERERA, GAYAN, CHANG-TAVE, ALEXANDRA, PRICE, ANNABEL, RAJKUMAR, ANTO P., BHATTARAI, MANORAMA, O'BRIEN, JOHN T., BALLARD, CLIVE, AARSLAND, DAG, STEWART, ROBERT and MUELLER, CHRISTOPH, 2019. The Incidence of Recorded Delirium Episodes Before and After Dementia Diagnosis: Differences Between Dementia With Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer's Disease JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION. 20(5), 604-609
WRENSCH F, LIGAT G, HEYDMANN L, SCHUSTER C, ZEISEL MB, PESSAUX P, HABERSETZER F, KING BJ, TARR AW, BALL JK, WINKLER M, PÖHLMANN S, KECK ZY, FOUNG SKH and BAUMERT TF, 2019. Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Proteins Mediate Viral Evasion in Acute and Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). (In Press.)
MERAT SJ, BRU C, VAN DE BERG D, MOLENKAMP R, TARR AW, KOEKKOEK S, KOOTSTRA NA, PRINS M, BALL JK, BAKKER AQ, DE JONG MD, SPITS H, BEAUMONT T and SCHINKEL J, 2019. Cross-genotype AR3-specific neutralizing antibodies confer long-term protection in injecting drug users after HCV clearance. Journal of hepatology. 71(1), 14-24
URBANOWICZ RA, WANG R, SCHIEL JE, KECK ZY, KERZIC MC, LAU P, RANGARAJAN S, GARAGUSI KJ, TAN L, GUEST JD, BALL JK, PIERCE BG, MARIUZZA RA, FOUNG SKH and FUERST TR, 2019. Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of Differentially Glycosylated Hepatitis C Virus E2 Envelope Proteins Expressed in Mammalian and Insect Cells. Journal of virology. 93(7),
KING B, URBANOWICZ R, TARR AW, BALL JK and MCCLURE CP, 2018. InFusion Cloning for the Generation of Biologically Relevant HCV Chimeric Molecular Clones. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 1911, 93-104
WRENSCH, FLORIAN, HEYDMANN, LAURA, LIGAT, GAETAN, ZEISEL, MIRJAM B., PESSAUX, PATRICK, HABERSETZER, FRANCOIS, KING, BARNABAS J., TARR, ALEXANDER W., BALL, JONATHAN K., KECK, ZHEN-YONG, SCHUSTER, CATHERINE, FOUNG, STEVEN and BAUMERT, THOMAS F., 2018. Ifitm-Mediated Viral Immune Evasion in Acute and Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection HEPATOLOGY. 68, 126A-126A
URBANOWICZ RA, BALL JK and TARR AW, 2018. Cloning and Analysis of Authentic Patient-Derived HCV E1/E2 Glycoproteins. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 1911, 275-294
TARR AW, BACKX M, HAMED MR, URBANOWICZ RA, MCCLURE CP, BROWN RJP and BALL JK, 2018. Immunization with a synthetic consensus hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein ectodomain elicits virus-neutralizing antibodies. Antiviral research. 160, 25-37
BAGASI AA, KHANDAKER T, CLARK G, AKAGHA T, BALL JK, IRVING WL and MCCLURE CP, 2018. Trichodysplasia Spinulosa Polyomavirus in Respiratory Tract of Immunocompromised Child. Emerging infectious diseases. 24(9), 1744-1746
BAILEY JR, URBANOWICZ RA, BALL JK, LAW M and FOUNG SKH, 2018. Standardized Method for the Study of Antibody Neutralization of HCV Pseudoparticles (HCVpp). Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.). 1911, 441-450
PACIELLO, R., URBANOWICZ, R. A., RICCIO, G., SASSO, E., MCCLURE, C. P., ZAMBRANO, N., BALL, J. K., CORTESE, R., NICOSIA, A. and DE LORENZO, C., 2016. Novel human anti-claudin 1 mAbs inhibit hepatitis C virus infection and may synergize with anti-SRB1 mAb: J Gen Virol J Gen Virol. 97(1), 82-94
2016. Flexible and rapid construction of viral chimeras applied to Hepatitis C Virus. The Journal of general virology. (In Press.)
FERNS RB, TARR AW, HUE S, URBANOWICZ RA, MCCLURE CP, GILSON R, BALL JK, NASTOULI E, GARSON JA and PILLAY D, 2016. Hepatitis C virus quasispecies and pseudotype analysis from acute infection to chronicity in HIV-1 co-infected individuals. Virology. 492, 213-24
URBANOWICZ RA and TARR AW, 2016. Novel functional hepatitis C virus glycoprotein isolates identified using an optimised viral pseudotype entry assay. The Journal of general virology.
MCCLURE, C. P., URBANOWICZ, R. A., KING, B. J., CANO-CRESPO, S., TARR, A. W. and BALL, J. K., 2016. Flexible and rapid construction of viral chimeras applied to Hepatitis C Virus: J Gen Virol J Gen Virol.
URBANOWICZ, R. A., MCCLURE, C. P., BROWN, R. J., TSOLERIDIS, T., PERSSON, M. A., KREY, T., IRVING, W. L., BALL, J. K. and TARR, A. W., 2016. A Diverse Panel of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins for Use in Vaccine Research Reveals Extremes of Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Resistance: J Virol J Virol. 90(7), 3288-301
2016. Broad neutralization of hepatitis C virus resistant variants by Civacir® hepatitis C immune globulin. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). (In Press.)
MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., KING, BARNABAS J., CANO-CRESPO, SARA, TARR, ALEXANDER W. and BALL, JONATHAN K., 2016. Flexible and rapid construction of viral chimeras applied to hepatitis C virus JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY. 97, 2187-2193
URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, KING, BARNABAS, MASON, CHRISTOPHER P., BALL, JONATHAN K. and TARR, ALEXANDER W., 2016. Novel functional hepatitis C virus glycoprotein isolates identified using an optimized viral pseudotype entry assay JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY. 97, 2265-2279
URBANOWICZ RA, MCCLURE CP, SAKUNTABHAI A, SALL AA, KOBINGER G, MÜLLER MA, HOLMES EC, REY FA, SIMON-LORIERE E and BALL JK, 2016. Human Adaptation of Ebola Virus during the West African Outbreak. Cell. 167(4), 1079-1087.e5
TSOLERIDIS T, ONIANWA O, HORNCASTLE E, DAYMAN E, ZHU M, DANJITTRONG T, WACHTL M, BEHNKE JM, CHAPMAN S, STRONG V, DOBBS P, BALL JK, TARLINTON RE and MCCLURE CP, 2016. Discovery of Novel Alphacoronaviruses in European Rodents and Shrews. Viruses. 8(3), 84
URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, SAKUNTABHAI, ANAVAJ, SALL, AMADOU A., KOBINGER, GARY, MUELLER, MARCEL A., HOLMES, EDWARD C., REY, FELIX A., SIMON-LORIERE, ETIENNE and BALL, JONATHAN K., 2016. Human Adaptation of Ebola Virus during the West African Outbreak CELL. 167(4), 1079-+
TAWAR, RAJIV G., HEYDMANN, LAURA, BACH, CHARLOTTE, SCHUTTRUMPF, JORG, CHAVAN, SHAILESH, KING, BARNABAS J., MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, BALL, JONATHAN K., PESSAUX, PATRICK, HABERSETZER, FRANCOIS, BARTENSCHLAGER, RALF, ZEISEL, MIRJAM B. and BAUMERT, THOMAS F., 2016. Broad neutralization of hepatitis C virus-resistant variants by Civacir hepatitis C immunoglobulin HEPATOLOGY. 64(5), 1495-1506
TSOLERIDIS, THEOCHARIS, ONIANWA, OKECHUKWU, HORNCASTLE, EMMA, DAYMAN, EMMA, ZHU, MIAORAN, DANJITTRONG, TAECHASIT, WACHTL, MARTA, BEHNKE, JERZY M., CHAPMAN, SARAH, STRONG, VICTORIA, DOBBS, PHILLIPA, BALL, JONATHAN K., TARLINTON, RACHAEL E. and MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, 2016. Discovery of Novel Alphacoronaviruses in European Rodents and Shrews VIRUSES-BASEL. 8(3),
FERNS, R. BRIDGET, TARR, ALEXANDER W., HUE, STEPHANE, URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, GILSON, RICHARD, BALL, JONATHAN K., NASTOULI, ELENI, GARSON, JEREMY A. and PILLAY, DEENAN, 2016. Hepatitis C virus quasispecies and pseudotype analysis from acute infection to chronicity in HIV-1 co-infected individuals VIROLOGY. 492, 213-224
URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, BROWN, RICHARD J. P., TSOLERIDIS, THEOCHARIS, PERSSON, MATS A. A., KREY, THOMAS, IRVING, WILLIAM L., BALL, JONATHAN K. and TARR, ALEXANDER W., 2016. A Diverse Panel of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins for Use in Vaccine Research Reveals Extremes of Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Resistance JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY. 90(7), 3288-3301
PACIELLO, ROLANDO, URBANOWICZ, RICHARD A., RICCIO, GENNARO, SASSO, EMANUELE, MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, ZAMBRANO, NICOLA, BALL, JONATHAN K., CORTESE, RICCARDO, NICOSIA, ALFREDO and DE LORENZO, CLAUDIA, 2016. Novel human anti-claudin 1 mAbs inhibit hepatitis C virus infection and may synergize with anti-SRB1 mAb JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY. 97, 82-94
VERCAUTEREN, KOEN, BROWN, RICHARD J. P., MESALAM, AHMED ATEF, DOERRBECKER, JULIANE, BHUJU, SABIN, GEFFERS, ROBERT, VAN DEN EEDE, NAOMI, MCCLURE, C. PATRICK, TROISE, FULVIA, VERHOYE, LIEVEN, BAUMERT, THOMAS, FARHOUDI, ALI, CORTESE, RICCARDO, BALL, JONATHAN K., LEROUX-ROELS, GEERT, PIETSCHMANN, THOMAS, NICOSIA, ALFREDO and MEULEMAN, PHILIP, 2016. Targeting a host-cell entry factor barricades antiviral-resistant HCV variants from on-therapy breakthrough in human-liver mice GUT. 65(12), 2029-2034
HAKAMI, A. R., BALL, J. K. and TARR, A. W., 2015. Non-ionic detergents facilitate non-specific binding of M13 bacteriophage to polystyrene surfaces: J Virol Methods J Virol Methods. 221, 1-8
MEOLA, A., TARR, A. W., ENGLAND, P., MEREDITH, L. W., MCCLURE, C. P., FOUNG, S. K., MCKEATING, J. A., BALL, J. K., REY, F. A. and KREY, T., 2015. Structural flexibility of a conserved antigenic region in hepatitis C virus glycoprotein E2 recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies: J Virol J Virol. 89(4), 2170-81
URBANOWICZ, R. A., LACEK, K., LAHM, A., BIENKOWSKA-SZEWCZYK, K., BALL, J. K., NICOSIA, A., CORTESE, R. and PESSI, A., 2015. Cholesterol conjugation potentiates the antiviral activity of an HIV immunoadhesin: J Pept Sci J Pept Sci. 21(9), 743-9
URBANOWICZ RA, MCCLURE CP, BROWN RJ, TSOLERIDIS T, PERSSON MA, KREY T, IRVING WL, BALL JK and TARR AW, 2015. A Diverse Panel of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins for Use in Vaccine Research Reveals Extremes of Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Resistance. Journal of virology. 90(7), 3288-301
NIGRO, E., COLAVITA, I., SARNATARO, D., SCUDIERO, O., ZAMBRANO, G., GRANATA, V., DANIELE, A., CAROTENUTO, A., GALDIERO, S., FOLLIERO, V., GALDIERO, M., URBANOWICZ, R. A., BALL, J. K., SALVATORE, F. and PESSI, A., 2015. An ancestral host defence peptide within human beta-defensin 3 recapitulates the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the full-length molecule: Sci Rep Sci Rep. 5, 18450
PACIELLO R, URBANOWICZ RA, RICCIO G, SASSO E, MCCLURE CP, ZAMBRANO N, BALL JK, CORTESE R, NICOSIA A and DE LORENZO C, 2015. Novel human anti-claudin 1 mAbs inhibit hepatitis C virus infection and may synergize with anti-SRB1 mAb. The Journal of general virology. 97(1), 82-94
BALL JK, TARR AW and MCKEATING JA, 2014. The past, present and future of neutralizing antibodies for hepatitis C virus. Antiviral research. (In Press.)
HAMED MR, BROWN RJP, ZOTHNER C, URBANOWICZ RA, MASON CP, KRARUP A, MCCLURE CP, IRVING WL, BALL JK, HARRIS M, HICKLING TP and TARR AW, 2014. Recombinant human L-ficolin directly neutralizes hepatitis C virus entry. Journal of innate immunity. 6(5), 676-84
IRVING WL, RUPP D, MCCLURE CP, THAN LM, TITMAN A, BALL JK, STEINMANN E, BARTENSCHLAGER R, PIETSCHMANN T and BROWN RJP, 2014. Development of a high-throughput pyrosequencing assay for monitoring temporal evolution and resistance associated variant emergence in the Hepatitis C virus protease coding-region. Antiviral research. 110, 52-9
LACEK K, URBANOWICZ RA, TROISE F, DE LORENZO C, SEVERINO V, DI MARO A, TARR AW, FERRARA F, PLOSS A, TEMPERTON N, BALL JK, NICOSIA A, CORTESE R and PESSI A, 2014. Dramatic Potentiation of the Antiviral Activity of HIV Antibodies by Cholesterol Conjugation. The Journal of biological chemistry. 289(50), 35015-28
IRVING, W. L., RUPP, D., MCCLURE, C. P., THAN, L. M., TITMAN, A., BALL, J. K., STEINMANN, E., BARTENSCHLAGER, R., PIETSCHMANN, T. and BROWN, R. J., 2014. Development of a high-throughput pyrosequencing assay for monitoring temporal evolution and resistance associated variant emergence in the Hepatitis C virus protease coding-region: Antiviral Res Antiviral Res. 110, 52-9
NG, P. P., KUO, C. C., WANG, S., EINAV, S., ARCAINI, L., PAULLI, M., PORTLOCK, C. S., MARCOTRIGIANO, J., TARR, A., BALL, J., LEVY, R. and LEVY, S., 2014. B-cell receptors expressed by lymphomas of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients rarely react with the viral proteins: Blood Blood. 123(10), 1512-5
CP MCCLURE, C BOWMAN, I GEARY, C RYAN, JK BALL and A ELEY, 2013. HIV-1 co-receptor expression and epithelial immune cells of the cervix in asymptomatic women attending a genitourinary medicine clinic HIV Med.. 14(2), 108-14
EDWARDS V, MCCLURE CP, BROWN R, THOMSON E, IRVING WL and BALL J, 2013. Use of short-tandem repeat (STR) fingerprinting to validate sample origins in hepatitis C virus molecular epidemiology studies. The Journal of general virology. (In Press.)
BROWN, R.J.P., KOUTSOUDAKIS, G., URBANOWICZ, R.A., MIRZA, D., GINKEL, C., RIEBESEHL, N., CALLAND, N., ALBECKA, A., PRICE, L., HUDSON, N., DESCAMPS, V., BACKX, M., MCCLURE, C.P., DUVERLIE, G., PECHEUR, E., DUBUISSON, J., PEREZ-DEL-PULGAR, S., FORNS, X., STEINMANN, E., TARR, A.W., PIETSCHMANN, T. and BALL, J.K., 2013. Analysis of serine codon conservation reveals diverse phenotypic constraints on Hepatitis C Virus glycoprotein evolution Journal of Virology. n/a(n/a), n/a
EDWARDS, V. C., TARR, A. W., URBANOWICZ, R. A. and BALL, J. K., 2012. The role of neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection: J Gen Virol J Gen Virol. 93(Pt 1), 1-19
TARR, A.W., URBANOWICZ, R.A., JAYARAJ, D., BROWN, R.J.P., MCKEATING, J.A., IRVING, W.L. and BALL, J.K., 2012. Naturally occurring antibodies that recognize linear epitopes in the amino terminus of the hepatitis C virus E2 protein confer noninterfering, additive neutralization Journal of Virology. 86(5), 2739-2749
BROWN, R.J., HUDSON, N., WILSON, G., UR REHMAN, S., JABBARI, S., HU, K., TARR, A.W., BORROW, P., JOYCE, M., LEWIS, J., ZHU, L.F., LAW, M., KNETEMAN, N., TYRRELL, D.L., MCKEATING, J.A. and BALL, J.K., 2012. Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein fitness defines virus population composition following transmission to a new host Journal of Virology. 86(22), 11956-11966
TARR AW, URBANOWICZ R and BALL JK, 2012. The role of humoral innate immunity in hepatitis C virus infection Viruses. 4(1), 1-27
TARR, A. W., URBANOWICZ, R. A., HAMED, M. R., ALBECKA, A., MCCLURE, C. P., BROWN, R. J., IRVING, W. L., DUBUISSON, J. and BALL, J. K., 2011. Hepatitis C patient-derived glycoproteins exhibit marked differences in susceptibility to serum neutralizing antibodies: genetic subtype defines antigenic but not neutralization serotype: J Virol J Virol. 85(9), 4246-57
SABO, M. C., LUCA, V. C., PRENTOE, J., HOPCRAFT, S. E., BLIGHT, K. J., YI, M., LEMON, S. M., BALL, J. K., BUKH, J., EVANS, M. J., FREMONT, D. H. and DIAMOND, M. S., 2011. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against hepatitis C virus E2 protein bind discontinuous epitopes and inhibit infection at a postattachment step: J Virol J Virol. 85(14), 7005-19
MUSICH, T., PETERS, P. J., DUENAS-DECAMP, M. J., GONZALEZ-PEREZ, M. P., ROBINSON, J., ZOLLA-PAZNER, S., BALL, J. K., LUZURIAGA, K. and CLAPHAM, P. R., 2011. A conserved determinant in the V1 loop of HIV-1 modulates the V3 loop to prime low CD4 use and macrophage infection Journal of Virology. 85(5), 2397-2405
BROWN, R.J.P., PETERS, P.J., CARON, C., GONZALEZ-PEREZ, M.P., STONES, L., ANKGHUAMBOM, C., PONDEI, K., MCCLURE, C.P., ALEMNJI, G., TAYLOR, S., SHARP, P.M., CLAPHAM, P.R. and BALL, J.K., 2011. Intercompartmental recombination of HIV-1 contributes to env intrahost diversity and modulates viral tropism and sensitivity to entry inhibitors Journal of Virology. 85(12), 6024-6037
ALBECKA, A., MONTSERRET, R., KREY, T., TARR, A. W., DIESIS, E., BALL, J. K., DESCAMPS, V., DUVERLIE, G., REY, F., PENIN, F. and DUBUISSON, J., 2011. Identification of new functional regions in hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2: J Virol J Virol. 85(4), 1777-92
CATANESE, M. T., ANSUINI, H., GRAZIANI, R., HUBY, T., MOREAU, M., BALL, J. K., PAONESSA, G., RICE, C. M., CORTESE, R., VITELLI, A. and NICOSIA, A., 2010. Role of scavenger receptor class B type I in hepatitis C virus entry: kinetics and molecular determinants: J Virol J Virol. 84(1), 34-43
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