Hoon Kiat Ng

Contact

• workRoom BB06 Block B
  Malaysia Campus
  Jalan Broga
  43500 Semenyih
  Selangor Darul Ehsan
  Malaysia
• work+6 (03) 8924 8161
• fax+6 (03) 8924 8017
• hoonkiat.ng@nottingham.edu.my
• http://www.nottingham.edu.my/Engineering/Departments/M3/People/hoonkiat.ng

Biography

Hoon Kiat Ng is Professor of Mechanical Engineering in the Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus. He served as the head of the Energy, Fuel and Power Technology research division, academic champion of the aerospace priority area and the founding deputy director of the Asia Aerospace City Research and Technology Centre . He is currently the head of the department and the campus academic champion for the energy research priority area.

Prof. Ng works in a wide range of interdisciplinary experimental and computational projects, including chemical kinetics modelling of diesel/biodiesel combustion, biofuels production and combustion, engine testing, parallel processing and neural network analysis of engine performance/emissions, as well soil remediation using extraction and advanced oxidation processes (AOP). He has well over 140 publications to date in internationally refereed journals, technical papers, congress/conference proceedings, book chapters and books. He also serves on the editorial board of international journals, and have been appointed to various advisory panels and expert committees. He has led a number of projects which are funded from a variety of sources including government organisations, industry and university. Additionally, he has also established long-term collaborations with both industrial and academic partners from a number of countries in Europe and Asia.

Prof. Ng was the winner of the inaugural 2012 Chancellor's Award.

Expertise Summary

I work on an array of energy and fuel research, especially in sustainable energy technologies for ground transportation. This includes biofuel production in the upstream sector to combustion/emissions characterisation for actual combustion systems to downstream sector of pollutant treatments/mitigation strategies. Currently, the research team I assembled here works on various topics under these themes with both experimental and computational elements. The group has a strong track record of research income, publication and collaboration.

Expertise in experimental research includes performance/emissions mappings of biofuel in various combustion systems, evaluation of biodiesel properties on materials compatibility/engine durability, effects of additives on the efficiency of combustion systems, in-cylinder soot transport/morphology and novel biofuel production techniques from various feedstock. I am also involved in experimental projects to determine the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) emissions to the environment and the corresponding remediation strategies, especially on contaminated soils.

In terms of computational research, the opportunities to improve in-cylinder modelling for diesel-biodiesel combustion have been the main research theme. I am engaged in fundamental chemical kinetics modelling of diesel-biodiesel combustion, computational fluids dynamics (CFD) simulation of in-cylinder engine conditions and parallel processing/neural network analysis of engine performance/emissions to shorten the development cycle of combustion systems. The computational work here forms part of a larger research framework, with parallel experimental programmes supported by industrial and academic partners.

Teaching Summary

Internal Combustion Engines; Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics 1; Introduction to Automotive Technology; Group Design Project; MEng/BEng Individual Project

Research Summary

Internal combustion engines; computational fluid dynamics and numerical modelling; thermo-fluid dynamics; remediation of contaminated soils; combustion and emissions control; alternative fuels; solid… read more

Selected Publications

• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2011. Development of an integrated reduced fuel oxidation and soot precursor formation mechanism for CFD simulations of diesel combustion Fuel. 90(9), 2902–2914
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2011. Engine-out characterisation using speed-load mapping and reduced test cycle for a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends Fuel. 90(8), 2700–2709
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG, C.W. QUECK and S. GAN, 2012. Artificial neural networks modelling of engine-out responses for a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends Applied Energy. 92, 769-777
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, K.M. PANG, 2011. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion: implementation and effects on pollutants in direct injection diesel engines Applied Energy. 88(3), 559–567

• View all publications

Current Research

Internal combustion engines; computational fluid dynamics and numerical modelling; thermo-fluid dynamics; remediation of contaminated soils; combustion and emissions control; alternative fuels; solid waste management

• ZANDIE M, NG HK, GAN S, MUHAMAD SAID MF and CHENG X, 2023. Multi-input multi-output machine learning predictive model for engine performance and stability, emissions, combustion and ignition characteristics of diesel-biodiesel-gasoline blends Energy. 262(Part A), 125425
• CHOO EJC, CHENG X, NG HK, GAN S and SCRIBANO G, 2022. Development and validation of a new n-dodecane-n-butanol-PAH reduced mechanism under diesel engine-relevant conditions Fuel. 319, 123829
• CHI HOU LAU, SUYIN GAN, HARRISON LIK NANG LAU, LAI YEE LEE, SUCHITHRA THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR and HOON KIAT NG, 2022. Insights into the effectiveness of synthetic and natural additives in improving biodiesel oxidation stability Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 52, Part D, 102296
• CHOO EJC, CHENG X, SCRIBANO G, NG HK and GAN S, 2022. Numerical investigation on the ignition and flame characteristics of n-dodecane-n-butanol spray under diesel engine conditions Fuel. 325, 124881
• ZANDIE M, NG HK, GAN S, MUHAMAD SAID MF and CHENG X, 2022. Development of a reduced multi-component chemical kinetic mechanism for the combustion modelling of diesel-biodiesel-gasoline mixtures Transportation Engineering. 7, 100101
• ZANDIE M, NG HK, GAN S, MUHAMAD SAID MF and CHENG X, 2022. Review of the advances in integrated chemical kinetics-computational fluid dynamics combustion modelling studies of gasoline-biodiesel mixtures Transportation Engineering. 7, 100102
• TAN JY, F BONATESTA, NG HK and GAN S, 2022. Parametric investigation of particulate matter emissions in a gasoline direct injection engine using computational fluid dynamics modelling Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering. (In Press.)
• HO WWS, NG HK and GAN S, 2022. Biodiesel synthesis from refined palm oil using a calcium oxide impregnated ash-based catalyst: parametric, kinetics, and product characterization studies Catalysts. 12(7), 706
• ZANDIE M, NG HK, GAN S, MUHAMAD SAID MF and CHENG X, 2022. A comprehensive CFD study of the spray combustion, soot formation and emissions of ternary mixtures of diesel, biodiesel and gasoline under compression ignition engine-relevant conditions Energy. 260, 125191
• ZANDIE M, NG HK, GAN S, MUHAMAD SAID MF and CHENG X, 2022. The viability of using gasoline-integrated biodiesel/diesel mixtures in engines as a solution to greenhouse gas emissions: a review Clean Energy. (In Press.)
• LIM, E.H.X., CHONG, K.Y., CHOK, M.K., LOCK, C.H., CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., NG, H.K., LEE, L.Y. and GAN, S., 2021. Investigation of eggshell as catalyst on the torrefaction of empty fruit bunch Materials Science for Energy Technologies. 4, 189-201
• E.J.C. CHOO, X. CHENG, G. SCRIBANO, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2021. Development and validation of a n-butanol reduced chemical kinetic mechanism under engine relevant conditions International Journal of Chemical Kinetics. 53(12), 1285–1305
• S.P. JALILIAN AHMADKALAEI, S. GAN, H.K. NG and S. ABDUL TALIB, 2021. The role of humic acid in Fenton reaction for the removal of aliphatic fraction of total petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel range) in soil Environmental Science and Ecotechnology. 7, 100109
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2021. CFD modelling of soot formation and entrainment processes in diesel engine combustion of soy, palm and coconut methyl esters IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 701(1), 012002
• J.C. ONG, K.M. PANG, J.H. WALTHER, J.-H. HO and H.K. NG, 2021. Effects of ambient oxygen and density on primary soot size under diesel-like conditions using a Lagrangian soot tracking model SAE International Journal of Engines. 14(2), 301-315
• VEZA I, SAID MFM, LATIFF ZA, ABAS MA, PERANG MRM, NG HK, SULE A, RIYADI TWB and TAMALDIN N, 2021. Strategies to Form Homogeneous Mixture and Methods to Control Auto-Ignition of HCCI Engine International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering. 18(4), 9253-9270
• VASU, H., WONG, C.F., VIJIARETNAM, N.R., CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., GAN, S., LEE, L.Y. and NG, H.K., 2020. Insight into Co-pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) with Palm Oil Sludge (POS): Effect on Bio-oil Yield and Properties Waste and Biomass Valorization. 11, 5877–5889
• X. CHENG, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2020. A numerical study on the quasi-steady spray and soot characteristics for soybean methyl ester and its blends with ethanol using CFD-reduced chemical kinetics approach Energy. 200, 117540
• TAN, JING YANG, BONATESTA, FABRIZIO, NG, HOON KIAT and GAN, SUYIN, 2020. Numerical Investigation of Particulate Matter Processes in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines through Integrated Computational Fluid Dynamics-Chemical Kinetic Modeling Energy and Fuels. 34(4), 4909-4924
• TAN, S.M., NG, H.K. and GAN, S., 2020. Numerical studies of in-cylinder combustion and soot emission characteristics of biodiesel fuels from different feedstock Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences. 70(1), 46-61
• LEE, X.J., LEE, L.Y., HIEW, B.Y.Z., GAN, S., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S. and NG, H.K., 2020. Valorisation of oil palm wastes into high yield and energy content biochars via slow pyrolysis: Multivariate process optimisation and combustion kinetic studies Materials Science for Energy Technologies. 3, 601-610
• TAN, M.-G., HO, J.-H., GOH, H.-T., NG, H.K., ABDUL LATIF, L. and MAZLAN, M., 2020. Revealing stroke survivor gait deficits during rehabilitation using ensemble empirical mode decomposition of surface electromyography signals Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 61, 102045
• CHONG, Y.Y., NG, H.K., LEE, L.Y., GAN, S. and THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., 2020. Kinetics and mechanisms for catalytic pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch fibre and cellulose with oxides SN Applied Sciences. 2(8), 1464
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., GAN, S., LEE, L.Y. and NG, H.K., 2020. Esterification and neutralization of bio-oil from palm empty fruit bunch fibre with calcium oxide Bioresource Technology Reports. 12, 100560
• J.W. SAM, H.K. CHEOW, J.-H. HO, H.K. NG and A.B. CHAI, 2020. Vibration suppression of a car engine frame via tuned vibration absorber design International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration. 16(1/2), 13-29
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., GAN, S., NG, H.K. and LEE, L.Y., 2019. Effect of oxide catalysts on the properties of bio-oil from in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch fiber Journal of Environmental Management. 247, 38-45
• TAN, M.-G., HO, J.-H., GOH, H.-T., NG, H.K., ABDUL LATIF, L. and MAZLAN, M., 2019. A new fractal-based kinetic index to characterize gait deficits with application in stroke survivor functional mobility assessment Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 52, 403-413
• ZUO, J.-W., WONG, K.-C. and NG, H.K., 2019. Heat transfer network and correlation for a double-layered microchannel heat sink Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences. 56(1), 88-99
• ZUO, J.-W., WONG, K.-C. and NG, H.K., 2019. The thermal performance of three-layered microchannel heat sink with tapered channel profile Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences. 56(1), 147-156
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., NG, H.K., GAN, S., LEE, L.Y. and GANESAN, P.B., 2019. Catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose with oxides: effects on physical properties and reaction pathways Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 21(8), 1629–1643
• K.M. CHIN, S.-H. TEH, J.-H. HO and H.K. NG, 2019. Controller design and trajectory tracking of a two-link robotic orthosis via sinusoidal-input describing function model International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotic Research. 8(6), 845-851
• LEE, Y.T., NG, H.K., GAN, S. and JOURABCHI, S.A., 2019. Thermochemical upgrading of coconut husk and rubber seed to coal co-firing feedstock via torrefaction In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 354.
• POON, H.M., NG, H.K., GAN, S. and CHONG, W.T., 2019. Development of a reduced biodiesel surrogate fuel model for multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamic simulations In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 268.
• ZUO, J.-W., WONG, K.-C. and NG, H.K., 2019. Numerical investigation of tapered DL-MCHS with alternating flow configuration CFD Letters. 11(12), 1-12
• Y.H. YAP, M.S.W. LIM, Z.Y. LEE, K.C. LAI, M.A. JAMAAL, F.H. WONG, H.K. NG, S.S. LIM and T.J. TIONG, 2018. Effects of sonication on co-precipitation synthesis and activity of copper manganese oxide catalyst to remove methane and sulphur dioxide gases Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 40(A), 57-67
• J.C. ONG, K.M. PANG, J.H. WALTHER, J.H. HO and H.K. NG, 2018. Evaluation of a Lagrangian Soot Tracking Method for the prediction of primary soot particle size under engine-like conditions Journal of Aerosol Science. 115, 70-95
• Y.L. KUA, S. GAN, A. MORRIS and H.K. NG, 2018. Optimization of simultaneous carotenes and vitamin E (tocols) extraction from crude palm olein using response surface methodology Chemical Engineering Communications. 205(5), 596-609
• E. V. LAU, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2018. Multiple stage cross-current extraction using vegetable oil in the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soil Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 17(1), 63-70
• H.M. POON, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2018. Application of integrated chemical kinetic mechanism reduction scheme on small-scale mechanism – ethylene Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 13(3), 640-655
• X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, J.H. HO and K.M. PANG, 2018. Numerical analysis of the effects of biodiesel unsaturation levels on combustion and emission characteristics under conventional and diluted air conditions Energy and Fuels. 32(8), 8392-8410
• H.S. LAU, H.K. NG, S. GAN and S.A. JOURABCHI, 2018. Torrefaction of oil palm fronds for co-firing in coal power plants Energy Procedia. 144, 75-81
• KUA, YIN LENG, GAN, SUYIN, MORRIS, ANDREW and NG, HOON KIAT, 2018. Simultaneous Recovery of Carotenes and Tocols from Crude Palm Olein Using Ethyl Lactate and Ethanol. Journal of Physics Conference Series. 989, 012005
• THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., LEE, C.W., GAN, S., NG, H.K. and LEE, L.Y., 2018. Comparison of Bio-Oil Properties from Non-Catalytic and In-Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Materials Today: Proceedings. 5(11), 23456-23465
• B.N. MADANAYAKE, S. GAN, C. EASTWICK and H.K. NG, 2018. An investigation into the use of CFD to model the co-firing of Jatropha curcas seed cake with coal International Journal of Green Energy. 15(11), 605-621
• KUA, Y.L., GAN, S., MORRIS, A. and NG, H.K., 2018. Non-evaporative method to remove high boiling point solvent (ethyl lactate) from palm oil extract at atmospheric conditions International Food Research Journal. 25(Suppl. 1), S97-S103
• LEE, X.J., LEE, L.Y., GAN, S., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S. and NG, H.K., 2017. Biochar potential evaluation of palm oil wastes through slow pyrolysis: Thermochemical characterization and pyrolytic kinetic studies Bioresource Technology. 236, 155-163
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., NG, H.K., GANESAN, P.B., GAN, S., LEE, L.Y., MANICKAVEL, V.S.A.R., ONG, C.M. and AL HINAI, H.S.R., 2017. Emulsification of bio-oil and diesel Chemical Engineering Transactions. 56, 1801-1806
• B.N. MADANAYAKE, S. GAN, C. EASTWICK and H.K. NG, 2017. Biomass as an energy source in coal co-firing and its feasibility enhancement via pre-treatment techniques Fuel Processing Technology. 159, 287-305
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2017. Deterioration of palm biodiesel fuel under common rail diesel engine operation Energy. 120, 854-863
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2017. Heat transfer analysis of laboratory scale fast pyrolysis fluidised bed reactor In: AIP Conference Proceedings. 1828.
• S.A. JOURABCHI, H.K. NG, S. GAN and Z.J. TAN, 2017. Computational fluid dynamics simulation of laboratory scale reactor of fast pyrolysis fluidised bed In: IOP Conference Series: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 822.
• S.P. JALILIAN AHMADKALAEI, S. GAN, H.K. NG and S. ABDUL TALIB, 2017. Evaluation of ethyl lactate as solvent in Fenton oxidation for the remediation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)-contaminated soil Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 24(21), 17779-17789
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., GAN, S., NG, H.K., LEE, L.Y. and ADHIKARI, S., 2017. Kinetics and mechanisms for co-pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch fibre (EFBF) with palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge Energy and Fuels. 31(8), 8217-8227
• CHONG, Y.Y., THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., GAN, S., NG, H.K. and LEE, L.Y., 2017. Synergic effect and kinetic mechanisms for co-pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch and palm oil sludge. Journal - The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia. 78(1), 1 - 6
• YL KUA, S GAN, AP MORRIS and HK NG, 2017. Liquid-liquid equilibrium data for the ternary systems of palm oil + ethyl lactate + phytonutrients (carotenes and tocols) at 303.15 K International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications. 8(3), 215-220
• J.Y. TAN, H.K. NG, S. GAN and F. BONATESTA, 2017. Numerical simulations of constant-volume spray combustion of n-heptane with chemical kinetics Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 10(7), 1-5
• B.N. MADANAYAKE, S. GAN, C. EASTWICK and H.K. NG, 2016. Leaching as a pretreatment process to complement torrefaction in improving co-firing characteristics of Jatropha curcas seed cake Waste and Biomass Valorization. 7(3), 559-569
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2016. Comparison of conventional and fast pyrolysis for the production of Jatropha curcas bio-oil Applied Thermal Engineering. 99, 160-168
• H.M. POON, K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN and J. SCHRAMM, 2016. Development of multi-component diesel surrogate fuel models – Part I: Validation of reduced mechanisms of diesel fuel constituents in 0-D kinetic simulations Fuel. 180, 433-441
• H.M. POON, K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN and J. SCHRAMM, 2016. Development of multi-component diesel surrogate fuel models – Part II: Validation of the integrated mechanisms in 0-D kinetic and 2-D CFD spray combustion simulations Fuel. 181, 120-130
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2016. Investigation of the effects of palm biodiesel dissolved oxygen and conductivity on metal corrosion and elastomer degradation under novel immersion method Applied Thermal Engineering. 104, 294-308
• W.W.S. HO, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2016. Advances in ultrasound-assisted transesterification for biodiesel production Applied Thermal Engineering. 100, 553-563
• B.N. MADANAYAKE, S. GAN, C. EASTWICK and H.K. NG, 2016. Thermochemical and structural changes in Jatropha curcas seed cake during torrefaction for its use as coal co-firing feedstock Energy. 100, 262-272
• X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, J.H. HO and K.M. PANG, 2016. Sensitivity analyses of biodiesel thermo-physical properties under diesel engine conditions Energy. 109, 341-352
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN, Y.M. CHOO and S. JAHIS, 2016. Compatibility of biodiesel fuel with metals and elastomers in fuel delivery system of a diesel engine Journal of Oil Palm Research. 28(1), 64-73
• S.P. JALILIAN AHMADKALAEI, S. GAN, H.K. NG and S. ABDUL TALIB, 2016. Investigation of ethyl lactate as a green solvent for desorption of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from contaminated soil Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 23(21), 22008–22018
• Y.L. KUA, S. GAN, A. MORRIS and H.K. NG, 2016. Ethyl lactate as a potential green solvent to extract phytonutrients: A mini-review and discussion Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy. 4, 21-31
• J.Y. TAN, F. BONATESTA, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2016. Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling Applied Thermal Engineering. 107, 936-959
• Y.L. KUA, S. GAN, A. MORRIS and H.K. NG, 2016. A validated, rapid, simple and economical high-performance liquid-chromatography method to quantify palm tocopherol and tocotrienols Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 53, 22-29
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2015. Feasibility of treating aged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soils using ethyl lactate based Fenton treatment via parametric and kinetic studies Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 22(1), 329-342
• B.N. MADANAYAKE, C.N. EASTWICK, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2015. The effects of torrefaction parameters on the thermochemical properties of Jatropha curcas seed cake. In: G. DELL and C. EGGER, eds., World Sustainable Energy Days Next 2014 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. 155-162
• X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, J.H. HO and K.M. PANG, 2015. Development and validation of a generic reduced chemical kinetic mechanism for CFD spray combustion modelling of biodiesel fuels Combustion and Flame. 162(6), 2354–2370
• W.W.S. HO, H.K. NG, S. GAN and W.L. CHAN, 2015. Ultrasound-assisted transesterification of refined and crude palm oils using heterogeneous palm oil mill fly ash supported calcium oxide catalyst Energy Science & Engineering. 3(3), 257-269
• K.M. PANG, H.M. POON, H.K. NG, S. GAN and J. SCHRAMM, 2015. Soot formation modeling of n-dodecane and diesel sprays under engine-like conditions SAE Technical Paper 2015-24-2468. 13
• J.C. ONG, H.K. NG, J.H. HO and K.M. PANG, 2015. Development of Lagrangian soot tracking method for the morphological study of soot in a constant volume, n-heptane spray combustion In: Proceedings of the 10th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion (ASPACC 2015), Beijing, China; 19–22 July 2015. 6
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2015. Physico-chemical properties changes of palm biodiesel fuel under diesel engine operation International Journal of Mining, Metallurgy & Mechanical Engineering. 3(3), 151
• THANGALAZHY-GOPAKUMAR, S., LEE, C.W., GAN, S., NG, H.K. and LEE, L.Y., 2015. Comparison of bio-oil properties from non-catalytic and in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch In: Compendium of Papers of the 5th International Conference for Advances in Energy Research (ICAER 2015), Mumbai, India; 14–18 December 2015.
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2015. Compatibility of fuel delivery materials with palm biodiesel fuel under diesel engine operation In: Book of Abstracts of the International Conference on Renewable Energy and Green Technology (ICREGT 2015), Bandung, Indonesia; 4–5 December 2015. 41
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2015. Experimental investigation into the deterioration of palm biodiesel fuel under engine operation for the elucidation of fuel delivery materials degradation In: Book of Abstracts of the MPOB International Palm Oil Congress (PIPOC 2015): Chemistry, Processing Technology & Bio-Energy Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 6–8 October 2015. 70
• M.G. TAN, Y.C. TEA, J.H. HO, H.T. GOH, H.K. NG and I. KONG, 2015. A motion sensor network for quantitative gait measurement World Journal of Engineering. 12(6), 619-626
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2015. Parametric investigation of rapid heating fast pyrolysis of Jatropha curcas waste for bio-oil production. In: A. MENDEZ-VILAS, ed., Materials and Technologies for Energy Efficiency BrownWalker Press. 17-21
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2014. Evaluation of in situ catalysed hydrogen peroxide propagation (CHP) for phenanthrene and fluoranthene removals from soil and its associated impacts on soil functionality Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21(4), 2888-2897
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN, H.K. NG and P.E. POH, 2014. Extraction agents for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soil in soil washing technologies Environmental Pollution. 184, 640–649
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG., 2014. Pyrolysis of Jatropha curcas pressed cake for bio-oil production in a fixed-bed system Energy Conversion and Management. 78, 518–526
• W.J. THOO, A. KEVRIC, H.K. NG, S. GAN, P.J. SHAYLER and A. LA ROCCA, 2014. Characterisation of ignition delay period for a compression ignition engine operating on blended mixtures of diesel and gasoline Applied Thermal Engineering. 66(1-2), 55-64
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2014. Current best practices for organic analysis. In: M. GAVRILESCU and L. BULGARIU, eds., Contaminated soils: a guide to sampling and analysis Future Science Ltd, UK. 50-64
• H.M. POON, H.K. NG, S. GAN, K.M. PANG and J. SCHRAMM, 2014. Chemical kinetic mechanism reduction scheme for diesel fuel surrogate Applied Mechanics and Materials: Engineering and Manufacturing Technologies. 541-542, 1006-1010
• W.W.S. HO, S. GAN, H.K. NG and S.H. TAN, 2014. Evaluation of palm oil mill fly ash supported calcium oxide as a heterogeneous base catalyst in biodiesel synthesis from crude palm oil Energy Conversion and Management. 88(December 2014), 1167–1178
• K.Y. TSHAI, J.-H. HO, E.H. YAP and H.K. NG, 2014. Outcome-based education – the assessment of programme educational objectives for an engineering undergraduate degree Engineering Education. 9(1), 74-85
• M.S.Z. GUI, S.A. JOURABCHI, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2014. Comparison of the yield and properties of bio-oil produced by slow and fast pyrolysis of rice husks and coconut shells In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3-5 June 2014.
• M.S.Z. GUI, S.A. JOURABCHI, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2014. Comparison of the yield and properties of bio-oil produced by slow and fast pyrolysis of rice husks and coconut shells Applied Mechanics and Materials: Process and Advanced Materials Engineering. 625, 626-629
• M.G. TAN, C.B. LEONG, J.H. HO, H.T. GOH and H.K. NG, 2014. A compact low cost wearable sensor system for quantitative gait measurement Applied Mechanics and Materials: Advanced Development in Industry and Applied Mechanics. 627, 212-216
• H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN and T. LUCCHINI, 2014. Application of adaptive local mesh refinement (ALMR) approach for the modeling of reacting biodiesel fuel spray using OpenFOAM SAE Technical Paper Series 2014-01-2565.
• H.M. POON, H.K. NG, S. GAN, K.M. PANG and J. SCHRAMM, 2014. Development and validation of chemical kinetic mechanism reduction scheme for large-scale mechanisms SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants. 7(3), 653-662
• Y.L. KUA, S. GAN, H.K. NG and A. MORRIS, 2014. Ethyl lactate as a green solvent to extract carotenoids and vitamin E from crude palm oil In: Proceedings of the 2014 National Seminar on Palm Oil Milling, Refining, Environment and Quality (POMREQ), Sarawak, Malaysia; 3–4 November 2014.
• Y.L. KUA, S. GAN, H.K. NG and A. MORRIS, 2014. The potential of ethyl lactate as a green solvent to extract carotenoids and vitamin E from crude palm oil In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Processing of Foods, Vegetables and Fruits (ISPFVF 2014), The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 11–13 August 2014.
• H.K. NG, S. GAN, J.-H. NG and K.M. PANG, 2013. Development and validation of a reduced combined biodiesel-diesel reaction mechanism Fuel. 104, 620-634
• H.K. NG, S. GAN, J.-H. NG and K.M. PANG, 2013. Simulation of biodiesel combustion in a light-duty diesel engine using integrated compact biodiesel-diesel reaction mechanism Applied Energy. 102, 1275-1287
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2013. Computational study of crevice soot entrainment in a diesel engine Applied Energy. 102, 898-907
• H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN, T. LUCCHINI and A. ONORATI, 2013. Development of a reduced biodiesel combustion kinetics mechanism for CFD modelling of a light-duty diesel engine Fuel. 106, 388-400
• H.K. NG, ed., 2013. Advances in Internal Combustion Engines and Fuel Technologies InTech.
• W.J. THOO, A. KEVRIC, H.K. NG, S. GAN and P.J. SHAYLER, 2013. Semi-empirical correlations of physical and chemical delay periods of diesel-gasoline combustion Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering: Volume 1: Advanced Internal Combustion Engines (I). 189, 493-502
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN, X. CHENG and T. LUCCHINI, 2013. Investigation of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on combustion characteristics in a light-duty diesel engine using OpenFOAM Energy and Fuels. 27(1), 208–219
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2013. Computational study of soot entrainment via thermophoretic deposition and crevice flow in a diesel engine Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering: Volume 2: Advanced Internal Combustion Engines (II). 190, 951-963
• X. CHENG, H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN and T. LUCCHINI, 2013. Effects of fuel thermo-physical properties on spray characteristics of biodiesel fuels Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering: Volume 3: Future Automotive Powertrains (I). 191, 117-126
• H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN and T. LUCCHINI, 2013. Computational study of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on emission characteristics for a light-duty diesel engine using OpenFOAM Applied Energy. 111, 827–841
• X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN and J.H. HO, 2013. Advances in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of in-cylinder biodiesel combustion Energy and Fuels. 27(8), 4489–4506
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2013. Investigation of pyrolysis parameters on the yield and quality of bio-oil from Jatropha curcas wastes. In: P. RAVINDRA, A. BONO and C. CHU, eds., Developments in Sustainable Chemical and Bioprocess Technology Springer US. 81-87
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2013. CFD modelling of soot entrainment via thermophoretic deposition and crevice flow in a diesel engine Journal of Aerosol Science. 66, 83-95
• S. GAN, C.L. YAP, H.K. NG and VENNY, 2013. Investigation of the impacts of ethyl lactate based Fenton treatment on soil quality for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soils Journal of Hazardous Materials. 262, 691–700
• W.W.S. HO, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2013. Investigation of a novel ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous transesterification process In: Proceedings of the 9th World Congress of Chemical Engineering / 15th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress, Seoul, Korea; 18–23 August 2013.
• X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN and J.H. HO, 2013. Development of biodiesel skeletal mechanisms for kinetic combustion modeling SAE Technical Paper Series 2013-01-2633.
• H.M. POON, H.K. NG, S. GAN, K.M. PANG and J. SCHRAMM, 2013. Evaluation and development of chemical kinetic mechanism reduction scheme for biodiesel and diesel fuel surrogates SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants. 6(3), 729-744
• D. CHANDRAN, H.K. NG, H.L.N. LAU, S. GAN and Y.M. CHOO, 2013. Effects of biodiesel deterioration on existing fuel system materials as a result of Common Rail Diesel Engine operation In: Book of Abstracts of the MPOB International Palm Oil Congress (PIPOC 2013): Chemistry, Processing Technology & Bio-energy, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 19-21 November 2013. 91-92
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Evaluation of non-premixed combustion and fuel spray models for in-cylinder diesel engine simulation Applied Energy. 90(1), 271-279
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Characterisation of engine-out responses from a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with palm methyl ester (PME) Applied Energy. 90(1), 58-67
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Inorganic chelated modified-Fenton treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils Chemical Engineering Journal. 180, 1-8
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. In-cylinder diesel spray combustion simulations using parallel computation: a performance benchmarking study Applied Energy. 93, 466–478
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Development of emissions predictor equations for a light-duty diesel engine using biodiesel fuel properties Fuel. 95, 544–552
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Modified Fenton oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils and the potential of bioremediation as post-treatment Science of the Total Environment. 419, 240–249
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG, C.W. QUECK and S. GAN, 2012. Artificial neural networks modelling of engine-out responses for a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends Applied Energy. 92, 769-777
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Investigation of fuel injection pattern on soot formation and oxidation processes in a light-duty diesel engine using integrated CFD-reduced chemistry Fuel. 96, 404–418
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Distribution and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils from five different locations in Klang Valley, Malaysia Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 88(5), 741–746
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Simulation of temporal and spatial soot evolution in an automotive diesel engine using the Moss-Brookes soot model Energy Conversion and Management. 58, 171–184
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Production and physico-chemical characterisation of bio-oil from the pyrolysis of Jatropha curcas wastes In: Proceedings of the 14th Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress, Singapore; 21-24 February 2012. 882-883
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Evaluation of solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ethyl lactate/water versus ethanol/water mixtures for contaminated soil remediation applications Journal of Environmental Sciences. 24(6), 1064–1075
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, P.H. CHAN and F.L. LEONG, 2012. Heterogeneous free fatty acids esterification in waste cooking oil using ion-exchange resins Fuel Processing Technology. 102, 67–72
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Extraction of phenanthrene and fluoranthene from contaminated sand using palm kernel and soybean oils Journal of Environmental Management. 107, 124–130
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Ethyl lactate-Fenton treatment of soil highly contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Chemical Engineering Journal. 200–202, 247–256
• H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, X. CHENG, S. GAN, T. LUCCHINI and G. D'ERRICO, 2012. Development of thermo-physical and transport properties for the CFD simulations of in-cylinder biodiesel spray combustion Energy and Fuels. 26(8), 4857–4870
• W.W.S. HO, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Development and characterisation of novel heterogeneous palm oil mill boiler ash-based catalysts for biodiesel production Bioresource Technology. 125, 158-164
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Current status and prospects of Fenton oxidation for the decontamination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in soils Chemical Engineering Journal. 213, 295-317
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Modified Fenton treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in packed soil column In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Soil Pollution and Remediation (SOILREM 2012), Yantai, Shandong, China; 24-26 September 2012. 242-243
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2012. Computational study of soot entrainment via thermophoretic deposition and crevice flow in a diesel engine FISITA Technical Paper Series F2012-A06-017. 190, 951-963
• X. CHENG, H. MOHAMED ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN and T. LUCCHINI, 2012. Effects of fuel thermo-physical properties on spray characteristics of biodiesel fuels FISITA Technical Paper Series F2012-B01-023. 191, 117-126
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Investigation of pyrolysis parameters on the yield and quality of bio-oil from Jatropha curcas wastes In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Chemical and Bio Process Engineering (ICCBPE 2012), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; 21-23 November 2012. 6
• S.A. JOURABCHI, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2012. Pyrolysis of Jatropha curcas wastes to produce bio-oil. In: A. MENDEZ-VILAS, ed., Fuelling the future: advances in science and technologies for energy generation, transmission and storage BrownWalker Press. 93-97
• W.J. THOO, A. KEVRIC, H.K. NG, S. GAN and P.J. SHAYLER, 2012. Semi-empirical correlations of physical and chemical delay periods of diesel-gasoline combustion FISITA Technical Paper Series F2012-A03-011. 189, 493-502
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, X. CHENG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, T. LUCCHINI, 2011. Numerical study on the combustion and emissions characteristics of different biodiesel feedstocks and blends using OpenFOAM In: Proceedings of the Conference on Internal Combustion Engine Simulations Using OpenFOAM® Technology, Milan, Italy; 11-12 July 2011.
• VENNY, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2011. Chelate enhanced modified Fenton treatment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soils (Article #107) In: Proceedings of the World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (WASET), Venice, Italy, 27-29 April 2011. 525-530
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2011. Development of an integrated reduced fuel oxidation and soot precursor formation mechanism for CFD simulations of diesel combustion Fuel. 90(9), 2902–2914
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2011. Computational study of crevice flow and soot entrainment in a diesel engine In: Proceedings of the 13th EAEC European Automotive Congress, Valencia, Spain, 13-16 June 2011.
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2011. Engine-out characterisation using speed-load mapping and reduced test cycle for a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel blends Fuel. 90(8), 2700–2709
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, K.M. PANG, 2011. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion: implementation and effects on pollutants in direct injection diesel engines Applied Energy. 88(3), 559–567
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN, H.K. NG., 2011. Fenton based remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils Chemosphere. 83(11), 1414-1430
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2011. Enhanced Fenton treatment on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soil by green solvents In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Remediation and Management of Contaminated Land: Focus on Asia (Brownfield Asia 2011), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia; 12-14 July 2011.
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2011. The oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil slurry using chelated Fenton treatment (Paper/Article Code: I11) In: Proceedings of the Postgraduate Colloquium for Environmental Research, Semenyih, Malaysia; 15-16 July 2011.
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2011. Advanced oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils using modified Fenton treatment (Paper/Article Code: N-03) In: Proceedings of the International Engineering for Sustainability Conference 2011, Penang, Malaysia; 14-16 October 2011.
• VENNY, S. GAN and H.K. NG, 2011. Optimisation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon removal from contaminated soil using modified Fenton treatment (Article #134) In: Proceedings of the World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (WASET) (Issue 58), Bali, Indonesia; 26-28 October 2011. 657-663
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Evaluation of CFD sub-models for in-cylinder diesel engine simulation In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Energy: Energy Solutions for a Sustainable World, Singapore, 21-23 April 2010. 479-488
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2010. Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from sand using vegetable oil In: Proceedings of the Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds: The 7th International Conference, Monterey, California US, 24–27 May 2010.
• LAU, E.V., GAN, S. and NG, H.K., 2010. Extraction techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils International Journal of Analytical Chemistry.
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, C.W. QUECK, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Artificial neural networks modelling of engine-out responses for a light-duty diesel engine when fuelled with biodiesel In: Proceedings of the SAE International Conference on Sustainable Mobility 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-3 December 2010.
• J-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Characterisation of engine-out emissions from a light-duty diesel engine when fuelled with biodiesel fuels In: Proceedings of the SAE International Conference on Sustainable Mobility 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-3 December 2010.
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Computation studies of breakup model parameters on fuel spray penetration and soot formation In: Proceedings of the 8th ASEAN ANSYS Conference: Smart Engineering for a Sustainable Future, Singapore, 12-13 October 2010.
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Modelling of soot structure in a light-duty diesel engine using integrated CFD and reduced chemical kinetic mechanism with parallel computation In: Proceedings of the SAE International Conference on Sustainable Mobility 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-3 December 2010.
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Development of a novel single-mode, steady-state test cycle for light-duty diesel engines JSAE Technical Paper Series 20101600.
• S.M. TAN, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Computational study of injection parameters and the effects on in-cylinder combustion and emissions formation processes In: Proceedings of the SAE International Conference on Sustainable Mobility 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1-3 December 2010.
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Simulation of in-cylinder diesel combustion using integrated CFD and reduced chemistry In: Proceedings of the 8th ASEAN ANSYS Conference: Smart Engineering for a Sustainable Future, Singapore, 12-13 October 2010.
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Model development of reduced surrogate fuel and soot precursor mechanisms for light-duty diesel engine simulations JSAE Technical Paper Series 20101589.
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Advances in biodiesel fuel for application in compression ignition engines Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 12(5), 459–493
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, C.W. OOI, N. OSMAN MOTALA, M.A.F. ISMAIL, 2010. Ferric sulphate catalysed esterification of free fatty acids in waste cooking oil Bioresource Technology. 101(19), 7338-7343
• H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Combustion performance and exhaust emissions from the non-pressurised combustion of palm oil biodiesel blends Applied Thermal Engineering. 30(16), 2476-2484
• C.L. YAP, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2010. Application of vegetable oils in the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocar-bons-contaminated soils Journal of Hazardous Materials. 177(1-3), 28-41
• P.H. LIM, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2010. Student evaluation of engineering modules for improved teaching-learning effectiveness Engineering Education. 5(1), 52-63
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2010. Recent trends in policies, socioeconomy and future directions of the biodiesel industry Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 12(3), 213-238
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2010. Effects of antioxidant additives on pollutant formation from the combustion of palm oil methyl ester blends with diesel in a non-pressurised burner Energy Conversion and Management. 51(7), 1536-1546
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2010. Model development of reduced surrogate fuel and soot precursor mechanisms for light-duty diesel engine simulations (Paper F2010A088) In: Proceedings of the FISITA 2010 World Automotive Congress, Budapest, Hungary; 30 May–4 June 2010.
• J.-H. NG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2010. Development of a novel single-mode, steady-state test cycle for light-duty diesel engines (Paper F2010A110) In: Proceedings of the FISITA 2010 World Automotive Congress, Budapest, Hungary; 30 May–4 June 2010.
• J-H. NG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2010. Characterisation of engine responses from a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with palm methyl ester (PME) In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Energy: Energy Solutions for a Sustainable World, Singapore; 21-23 April 2010. 1256-1265
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG and S. GAN, 2010. Parallel computation for light-duty diesel engine simulations In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Energy: Energy Solutions for a Sustainable World, Singapore; 21-23 April 2010. 1274-1283
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2009. Remediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): a review In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering (ICCBPE-2009), Sabah, Malaysia, 12-14 August 2009. 1012-1017
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2009. Remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated soil using vegetable oil: a potential solution for land availability problems in growing cities In: Proceedings of the U21 Graduate Research Conference: Sustainable Cities for the Future, Melbourne and Brisbane, Australia, 29 November - 5 December 2009. 89-92
• K.M. PANG, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2009. Light-duty diesel engine modelling with integrated detailed chemistry in 3-D CFD study In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE 2009), Malacca, Malaysia, 7-8 December 2009. 307-311
• E.V. LAU, S. GAN, H.K. NG, 2009. Influence of temperature on the remediation of PAH-Contaminated soil using vegetable oil In: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering (CBEE 2009), Singapore, 9-11 October 2009. 213-216
• H. MOHD. ISMAIL, H.K. NG, S. GAN, 2009. Evaluation of CFD sub-models for in-cylinder light-duty diesel engine simulation In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE 2009), Malacca, Malaysia, 7-8 December 2009. 313-319
• S. GAN, E.V. LAU, H.K. NG, 2009. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Journal of Hazardous Materials. 172(2-3), 532-549
• J-H. NG, H.K. NG, S.A. JOURABCHI, C.M. YOU and S. GAN, 2009. A novel steady-state test cycle for emissions characterisation of a light-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering (CBEE 2009), Singapore; 9-11 October 2009. 206-210
• S. GAN, H.K. NG, S.S. CHEN, 2008. Investigations into the effects of antioxidant additives on pollutant emissions from the non-pressurised combustion of palm oil biodiesel In: Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Vilamoura, Portugal, 25-28 March 2008.
• J-H. NG, H.K. NG, M.L. CHAI, T.P. OOI, P.S. TEOH, 2008. Computational study of multiple injection strategy in a light-duty direct injection diesel engine In: Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Conference in Vehicle Engineering and Technology: Enhancing Transport Technology for Regional Competitiveness, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 15-16 July 2008. 13-18
• H.K. NG, S. GAN, C.J. LYE, C.L. HAN, 2008. Experimental study of emission trends from the combustion of various palm oil methyl ester blends in a non-pressurised burner In: Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Vilamoura, Portugal, 25-28 March 2008..
• H.K. NG, S. GAN, C.J. LYE, C.L. HAN, 2008. Characterisation of emissions from the non-pressurised combustion of various palm oil methyl ester blends with gas oil In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Environment, Penang, Malaysia, 15-17 December 2008.
• H.K. NG, P.J. SHAYLER, 2006. Characterisation of diesel spray combustion using CFD analysis for emissions control of a light-duty diesel engine In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Environment, Penang, Malaysia, 13-15 November 2006.
• H.K. NG, P.J. SHAYLER, M.WILLCOCK, 2006. Investigations of pollutant formation and emissions from HPCR diesel engines (Paper F2006P341) In: Proceedings of the FISITA 2006 World Automotive Congress, Yokohama, Japan, 22-27 October 2006.
• H.K. NG, P.J. SHAYLER, M.WILLCOCK, 2006. Investigations of pollutant formation and emissions from HPCR diesel engines SAE Technical Paper Series 2006-05-0337.
• H.K. NG, P.J. SHAYLER, 2006. CFD investigation of the effects of split main fuel injection parameters on combustion and emissions in a light-duty diesel engine In: Proceedings of the Regional Conference on Vehicle Engineering and Technology: Towards a Competitive Vehicle Development for Regional Market, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 3-5 July 2006..
• H.K. NG, P.J. SHAYLER, 2004. The installation of KIVA-3V CFD code on PCs and performance benchmarking for the simulation of combustion in internal combustion engines Journal of the Energy Institute. 77(513), 90-96
• P.J. SHAYLER and H.K. NG, 2004. Simulation studies of the effect of fuel injection pattern on NO and soot formation in diesel engines SAE Technical Paper Series 2004-01-0116. Also in SAE Special Publication SP-1823