X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a very surface sensitive (top ~10nm) analysis technique that measures the elemental composition and chemical state of a material using the feedback from an induced photoelectron effect. It is sometimes known by the alternative name Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA).
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Spatially Resolved Molecular Compositions of Insoluble Multilayer Deposits Responsible for Increased Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines. Edney, M., Lamb, J., Spanu, M., Smith, E., Steer, E., Wilmot, E., Reid, J., Barker, J., Alexander, M., Snape, C. & Scurr, D., ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12, 51026–51035 (2020).
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Additive manufacture of complex 3D Au-containing nanocomposites by simultaneous two-photon polymerisation and photoreduction. Hu, Q., Sun, X.-Z., Parmenter, C. D. J., Fay, M. W., Smith, E. F., Rance, G. A., He, Y., Zhang, F., Liu, Y., Irvine, D., Tuck, C., Hague, R. & Wildman, R., Scientific Reports, 7, 17150 (2017).
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Supramolecular networks stabilise and functionalise black phosphorus. Korolkov, V. v, Timokhin, I. G., Haubrichs, R., Smith, E. F., Yang, L., Yang, S., Champness, N. R., Schröder, M. & Beton, P. H., Nature Communications, 8, 1385 (2017).
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Resolving X-ray photoelectron spectra of ionic liquids with difference spectroscopy. J., Maxwell-Hogg, S., Smith, E. F., Hawker, R. R., Harper, J. B. & Licence, P., Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 21, 114–123 (2019).
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An antimicrobial impregnated urinary catheter that reduces mineral encrustation and prevents colonisation by multi-drug resistant organisms for up to 12 weeks. Belfield, K., Chen, X., Smith, E. F., Ashraf, W. & Bayston, R., Acta Biomaterialia, 90, 157–168 (2019).
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Reverse Semi-Combustion Driven by Titanium Dioxide-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Photocatalyst. Qadir, M. I., Zanatta, M., Pinto, J., Vicente, I., Gual, A., Smith, E. F., Neto, B. A. D., de Souza, P. E. N., Khan, S., Dupont, J. & Alves Fernandes, J., ChemSusChem, 13, 5580–5585 (2020).
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Nanobugs as Drugs: Bacterial Derived Nanomagnets Enhance Tumor Targeting and Oncolytic Activity of HSV-1 Virus. Howard, F. H. N., Al-Janabi, H., Patel, P., Cox, K., Smith, E., Vadakekolathu, J., Pockley, A. G., Conner, J., Nohl, J. F., Allwood, D. A., Collado-Rojas, C., Kennerley, A., Staniland, S. & Muthana, M., Small, 18, 2104763 (2022).