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A

Academic Writing for Publication: Information, Exercises and Individual Writing Journeys
This resource aims to help you in developing your skills in: - academic writing - preparing manuscripts for publication - writing funding applications It shares experiences of writing and publishing and gives professional advice on developing your writing and how to prepare, review and persevere with it.

Acids, Alkalis and Bases: an Introduction
Defining and explaining acids, bases, and alkalis, from an ionic standpoint, and introducing the pH scale.

Acids, Alkalis and Bases: Further Application
Examining the operation and application of acids, bases and alkalis, including neutralisation, acid/base reactions, and salts.

Admission to Hospital
This resources looks at developing cultural awareness in health care nursing practice. Its main focus is to encourage reflection and awareness of cultural differences during a patient’s admission to a hospital ward. It also promotes an understanding of the importance of individualised nursing care and embraces the differences that meet the needs of patients based on their own values and beliefs.

Admission to Hospital - Portuguese language version
Acolhimento do cliente num hospital - Is the Portuguese language version of the Admission to Hospital resource and has been developed as part of the TansCoCon project. The resource looks at developing cultural awareness in health care nursing practice. Its main focus is to encourage reflection and awareness of cultural differences during a patient’s admission to a hospital ward. It also promotes an understanding of the importance of individualised nursing care and embraces the differences that meet the needs of patients based on their own values and beliefs.

Alcohol Prevention in Urgent and Emergency Care Settings (APUEC)
This resource provides learners with the confidence and skills in screening, brief intervention and referral for treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol prevention in an urgent and emergency care setting.

Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work Report
Reusable Learning Object exploring the completion of the Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work Report

An introduction to health-related online support groups
This resource helps raise awareness of online support groups for people living with or affected by long-term health conditions.

Arm@da - How to provide safe, appropriate and acceptable digital consultations in maternity care.
This resource provides guidance to health care professionals and students on how to provide safe, appropriate and acceptable digital consultations in maternity care.

Asking the right question
This RLO outlines why asking the right question can help in the search for evidence, and explains how to construct good questions using the PICO technique.

Assessing risk and managing safety with children and young people admitted with self-harm
This RLO is part of the Our care through our eyes (OCTOE), series of resources. This resource will equip registered children's nurses, student nurses and other health professionals with information about how to assess and manage risk with children and young people admitted to children's wards with self-harm.

B

Bacteria and viruses compared
Introduces and compares the structural components associated with bacteria and viruses by allowing users to build their own.

Blood Glucose Testing - What do the numbers mean?
Blood Glucose Testing - What do the numbers mean? This resource is for people with Diabetes and others who want to understand blood glucose levels.

C

Case series and cross-sectional studies
Case series typically involve a much smaller number of patients than the more powerful case-control study or Randomised controlled trial (RCT). In this design patients with a known exposure to a treatment are tracked prospectively to identify new forms of disease or adverse effects. Case series can also be retrospective - here medical records are examined to identify a link between exposure and disease.

Case-control studies
This resource looks at cases (diseased subjects) and controls (non-diseased subjects) and investigates their exposure status.

Chronic wound assessment
This learning object outlines the principles of wound assessment and healing.

Cohort and case-controlled studies
This RLO explains what are case-control and cohort studies, and outlines the difference between them.

Cohort Studies
This resource looks at cohort studies in relation to medical research and investigates medical disease and establishes links between risk factors and health outcomes.

Communication - Caring for people with dementia in the general hospital
This RLO looks at people with dementia who experience difficulties in both understanding others and saying what they want to say. This usually progresses as the disease progresses. This RLO looks at problems people with dementia experience when communicating and strategies healthcare professionals can use to improve their communication.

Confidence intervals
This RLO defines the term 'confidence intervals' and demonstrates how they can be used to determine the significance and range of possible sizes of a treatment effect.

CRIB - Caregivers' Responsive Infant Feeding Behaviours
This resource will help caregivers of babies learn about: How to responsively feed your infants, the benefits of responsive feeding, and practical tips to help you and your baby enjoy responsive feeding.

Critical Reflection
This resource is aimed primarily at students in healthcare practice to get them to reflect on their experiences and practice. The package explores the meaning and process of critical reflection, described by one author as the process of looking back on what has been done and pondering on it and learning lessons from what did or did not work. The package has sections on areas such as Reflective Models (Gibbs, Johns, Driscoll), Self-assessment Tools, Practical Skills, and many other topics.

Cultural competence in culturally mixed teams
Promoting the development of cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity in the context of working in a culturally mixed team.

D

Dementia and Cognitive Loss - Caring for people with dementia in the general hospital
Dementia is very common. A quarter of general hospital in-patients have cognitive impairment, Dementia or dementia complicated by delirium. Almost all healthcare professionals who look after adults will encounter patients with these problems, we all need the knowledge and skills to care for them.

Developing Resilience
A reflective Reusable Learning Object (RLO) that looks at everyday nursing practices, sharing experiences and building a mask of resilience.

Diabetes and Healthy Options
This resource will give you some tips on how to manage your blood glucose levels and explain how to eat healthily to keep your blood glucose levels stable.

Diabetes and Low Blood Glucose
Diabetes and Low Blood Glucose - This resource will help you to understand what to do when your blood glucose level goes too low.

Digital Remains: The technological traces we leave behind
Do you ever wonder what happens to our personal digital content when we die? This resource explores the many issues arising from digital identity and content, and how it might be accessed by the bereaved. This RLO is an output of a research project led in Nottingham by Morna O'Connor about death, dying and bereavement and the role of technology in health.

Disabling Barriers/Inhibitors and Empowering Cultural Communication
This resource will provide you with the opportunity to examine the challenges you may have when developing your cultural competence. It will help you develop cultural awareness and sensitivity for your future nursing practice.

Discovering and understanding under-served communities
This resource will help you to improve your awareness and understanding of individuals who are under-served and the health challenges they face. It will also help you reflect on how you can tailor your pharmacy's services to help these people.

Drug-receptor interaction
Introduction to the interaction of cell receptors with drugs. This resource was first released in June 2004. It has been re-purposed by the Helm team in 2016.

Dying in hospital
This learning resource ' Dying in Hospital' addresses the topic of the hospital as a place of death for frail older people and is based on some research findings from an Alzheimer's Society funded research study. A linked resource 'Every death is Different' is also available.

E

Effective communication with children and young people following self-harm admission
This RLO is part of the Our care through our eyes (OCTOE), series of resources. This RLO will equip registered children's nurses, student nurses and other health professionals with communication skills and strategies to improve care for children and young people who are admitted to hospital following an incident of self-harm.

Effectively interacting and engaging patients who are underserved
This resource will: Explore how unconscious biases can impact on the care we provide to those who are medically under-served Provide tips on how to enable individuals to empower themselves to take up the offer of a Medicines Use Review Enable you to develop your own personal development plan to promote Medicines Use Reviews to people who potentially need them the most

Every death is different
This learning resource 'Every death is Different' addresses the topic of the hospital as a place of death for frail older people and is based on some research findings from an Alzheimers Society funded research study. A linked resource ' Dying in Hospital' is also available.

Exploring Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy: A Resource for Healthcare Professionals
Providing healthcare professionals and students with an increased awareness of the complex nature of vaccine hesitancy, which can then be utilised in future conversations with vaccine hesitant parents.

Exploring the medicine experiences and needs of patients who are underserved
This e-learning resource has been co-produced with patients who belong to one or more under-served group. By listening to these individuals, it is intended that we can better understand their day-to-day circumstance and so better develop a sense of empathy with them. This will help encourage us to be consciously aware of individuals who are potentially most in need of support.

F

Female Genital Mutilation
In this resource women share their experiences of survivorship following Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and discuss the cultural factors associated. The challenge for healthcare professionals is to understand the cultural context behind the practice of FGM whilst providing care within a legislative framework.

Finding my new normal: Life after my child's cancer treatment has finished
This RLO will provide parents and carers of children and young people who have finished their cancer treatment with information and support.

Fire safety
This resource has been developed to help provide mandatory faculty based fire safety training at the University of Nottingham. It has been openly released as it is a useful general fire safety guide.

From Silence to Voice
From Silence to Voice: Understanding the experiences and healthcare and support needs of women in South Africa who have experienced sexual violence

G

Gender based violence, a resource to support students in health and social care.
This resource introduces the issues faced by people who experience gender based violence. It will help increase an understanding for health and social care students’ of gender based violence, by focusing on violence against women within the four partner countries. This project is funded by U21 and is a partnership between the Universities of Auckland, Birmingham, British Columbia, Glasgow, Melbourne and Nottingham. It has beeen funded by U21.

Getting Infection Right First Time
In this e-learning package, you will be presented with a scenario around patient care. This resource is designed to help support health-care workers, and demonstrate that everyone has a key part to play in getting infection, diagnosis and management right for our patients. Without establishing the clinical and microbiological diagnosis, we can cause harm to our patients.

Glomerular Filtration Pressure
The RLO deals with the opposing forces within the glomerulus and the Bowmans capsule which together create the glomerular filtration pressure. The RLO builds on the Starlings Forces RLO by the same author and is intended to form the basis for a future RLO on glomerular filtration rate. This RLO was developed jointly with De Montfort University.

Glove use
Explains the appropriate use of gloves in a clinical environment

H

Half-life of drugs
To understand the half-life of drugs and its relationship with volume of distribution and clearance.

Hand Hygiene
This learning object demonstrates, through streaming video clips, practical hand hygiene techniques for infection control in healthcare settings. There are also interactive self-assessment quizzes

Hello My Name is Tom
This resource gives an insight into the world of a young person with an Autistic Spectrum disorder (ASD). It concentrates on interaction with Tom, a young person with ASD, within the school environment. The RLO was created by a learning disability nursing student based on his interaction with a number of individuals with ASD. This RLO won the 2009 Fiona Law prize for student-led innovation awarded by the National Network of Learning Disability Nursing. This resource was re-purposed in 2016.

I

Ideal Ward Round
The Ideal Ward Round is a participatory action research (PAR) project in the field of quality improvement. The key project aims were: - to establish the views of patients, carers and professionals on the role, experience of and ways of improving ward rounds in the context of acute adult in-patient mental health services within one NHS Trust in England, and - to develop suitable recommendations that would lead to improvement in ward round functionality and experience for all parties, particularly patients This reusable learning object will enable you to think about how the recommendations of this project could influence your practice along with making changes to the structures and processes underpinning decision making in your practice area.

Identifying infants at greater risk of overweight
This learning resource will help you to understand the rationale for early identification of infants at risk of overweight and identify risk factors for child overweight which can be identified in the first year of life. the resources demonstrates how to use the IROC checklist to assess and understand an infant's risk of overweight.

Identifying triggers for behaviour that challenges in healthcare settings
This resource on Identifying triggers for behaviour that challenges in healthcare settings is one in a series of 3, and focuses on the subject of working with Challenging Situations. It is primarily aimed at 1st year healthcare students.

Integrating Health Improvement and Prevention in Urgent and Emergency Care (UEC)
This learning resource explains the role of Urgent and Emergency Care Services (UECs) in health improvement and prevention.

Introducing Action Research
This RLO will help the student to broadly explain what action research is and what does it entail in a healthcare practice context

Introduction to childhood development - Grow-wise™
This resource was developed as part of the Grow-wise project by the Helm, the Child Branch team here at the School and Nottingham County Council.

Involving service users and carers in your teaching
Service users, carers and patients are increasingly involved in the education of health and social care professionals - just as their involvement is increasingly built in to the running of health and social care services. This learning package concentrates on preparation and practical issues for involving people with teaching and speaking to students.

K

Kidney Physiology
Introduction to the physiology of the kidney, examining the processes by which the kidneys filter blood, control body pH and eliminate the waste products of metabolism from the body.

L

Levels of Measurement
To understand the different levels of measurement and the arithmetic operations that can be performed on them

Levels of Measurement: what you can and can't do arithmetically
An explanation of the statistical operations that can be performed on the different levels of measurement. This resource has been re-purposed and an HTML5 version has replaced the original version.

Liver Anatomy
Introduction to the external and internal anatomy of the liver.

Liver Physiology
Introduction to the physiology of the liver, examining its role in filtering blood, metabolism, nutrient extraction and homeostasis.

M

Managing challenging behaviour in healthcare settings
This resource on managing challenging behaviour in healthcare settings is one in a series of 3, and focuses on the subject of working with Challenging Situations. It is primarily aimed at 3rd year healthcare students.

Meta-analysis
This RLO provides an introduction to the basic concepts of meta-analysis, which is an important and valuable tool for summarising data from multiple studies.

Midwife's abdominal examination in the antenatal period
This RLO demonstrates how to perform the midwife's examination of the abdomen in the antenatal period. It includes video clips of an abdominal examination, and references to professional (NMC) and NICE guidelines where appropriate.

Moving and handling in emergency situations
This RLO introduces students to the principles and practice associated with moving a patient/client in an emergency situation, by revising and applying the principles of moving and handling to such scenarios

Moving and handling: application of principles
This RLO explains the importance of applying good moving and handling principles. It describes the basic anatomy, physiology and functions of the spine and the effects of age/cumulative stress changes and their relevance to moving and handling.

My baby has PRS-What next?
An online resource created by parents for parents of infants with Pierre Robin Sequence and supported by cleft lip and palate professionals. The resource is targeted at the time of diagnosis and the first year of your baby's life.

N

Numbers needed to treat and numbers needed to harm
This RLO considers how to measure and interpret the magnitude of effect in clinical trial results using number needed to treat (NNT) and number needed to harm (NNH).

O

OCTOE - Our care through our eyes - Complete series
This resources is the complete serries of the Our care through our eyes (OCTOE), project. It contains all three titles: Assessing risk and managing safety with children and young people admitted with self-harm Effective communication with children and young people following self-harm admission Understanding self-harm and care pathways for children and young people admitted to hospital.

Operating Theatre Orientation
A short resource to help you orientate yourself within the operating theatre and connected rooms.

Osmosis and Diffusion
Explaining the difference between the processes of diffusion and osmosis, and introducing the concepts of concentration gradients and tonicity.

Our Child
This e-learning package is designed to empower parents who have a child with Down's syndrome and who are facing congenital heart surgery. It also takes parents and professionals on a journey through one family's story from diagnosis, surgery to living life to the full.

Over2U - An introduction to handover in patient care
Handover is an essential element of patient care in a range of healthcare settings. It’s aim is to ensure the effective transfer and sharing of information across multidisciplinary teams. As a student nurse you’ll be involved in handover from the outset of your practice. This resource has been created by fellow students who’ve also already been through this experience and so understand some of the questions you may have. Their aim is to introduce you to the concept of handover, give you a chance to see it in action, hear from other students about their experiences in this area and look at some simple guidelines for carrying out best practice.

P

Person-centred dementia care - Caring for people with dementia in the general hospital
This RLO looks at what person-centered dementia care is and using filming of healthcare professionals caring for people with dementia, shows how person-centered care can be applied on a hospital ward.

Personal Protective Equipment
Examines when and how to use personal protective equipment in a healthcare setting and has been updated due to the Coronavirus - Covid-19 pandemic.

Plasma Proteins and Drug Distribution
Examing the role of plasma proteins in the blood in the distribution and elimination of drugs in the body.

PPIVMs of the cervical spine
A short introduction to the concept of manual therapy for the cervical spine for Physiotherapy undergraduate students.

Preparing for Interviews in Healthcare
This resource has been developed to help Nursing and Midwery students improve their interview skills.

Probability associated with inferential statistics
An introduction to probability, and the probability of sample errors affecting research results.

Q

Qualitative and quantitative research
Outlining the distinction between qualitative and quantitative methods of doing research.

Qualitative Data Analysis
The aim of this Reusable Learning Object (RLO) is to give you an idea of how qualitative data analysis is done. It's aimed at students studying evidence based practice or research methods, with a basic understanding of what qualitative research is.

Quantitative Study Designs
This resource explains study design and looks at the situations in which you might apply the different types of design methodology.

R

Randomised Control Trials (RCT)
This resource looks at Randomised Control Trials (RCT). Generally in a randomised controlled trial, study participants are randomly assigned or randomised to one of two groups: the experimental group receiving the intervention that is being tested and the comparison group (control) which receives a conventional treatment or placebo. These groups are then followed prospectively to assess the effectiveness of the intervention compared with the standard treatment or control.

Referencing your work with Harvard
Introduction to the Harvard style of literature referencing, incorporating an interactive referencing tool for students.

Responding to behaviour that challenges in healthcare settings
This resource on responding to behaviour that challenges in healthcare settings is one in a series of 3, and focuses on the subject of working with Challenging Situations. It is primarily aimed at 2nd year healthcare students.

S

Sensitivity and Specificity
This RLO explains how diagnostic test accuracy is described by the terms sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity describes the accuracy of the test in detecting disease. Specificity describes the accuracy of the test in detecting health.

Sexual Safety for Women in In-Patient Mental Health Care Contexts
The aim of this resource is to explore the concept of Sexual Safety from the perspective of women who have accessed mental services in order to unpack and to develop a greater understanding of this multi-faceted phenomenon. In this resource we will also hear from a number of professionals who work with women who have accessed mental health care.

Shared Decision Making in Mental Health Practice
This resource explores what a shared decision making model might need to look like in mental health settings if there was acknowledgement of hierarchies and the effects of power in the decision making process in mental health care. Whilst it is important for professional groups to maintain their professional identities in healthcare settings, they might also need to consider the importance of talking about these identities within multidisciplinary groups and acknowledge uncertainties of role and identity when the power to decide is shared amongst professional groups, service users and carers (I am not sure we address this in the resource – we could say the resource is based on a piece of research which looked at this). It is suggested that the concept of shared decision making should be broken down into its component parts to specify the “core conditions” for a shared decision to take place. We suggest that in order for this, to occur, all participants must be Informed, Involved and Influential (the three I’s) in the decision making process. However, the three “I”s of shared decision making are fluid, they refer to a sliding scale of influence that moves between these different positions depending on context, capacity and desire to influence. This RLO considers some of the challenges to shared decision making and how these may be overcome

Starling's Forces
An examination of the roles of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure in movement of fluid and gases across the capillary wall.

Stress Management for Healthcare Students on Clinical Placement
A guide to managing the stress associated with clinical placement – designed by students, for students.

Supporting medically under-served patients with their medicines
This collection of 3 RLOs was developed to support medically under-served patients with their medicines.

Supporting parents whose infants are at greater risk of childhood overweight
This resource will enable students and health professionals to help parents of infants at higher risk of child overweight implement strategies to promote healthy infant growth.

Surrogate Outcomes
This RLO considers the type of evidence which should be used when making decisions about patient care.

T

The Diabetes Collection
This resource links to three Diabetes learning resources: Blood Glucose and what the numbers mean?, Healthy Options and Low Blood Glucose.

The importance of knowing the signs and symptoms of sarcoma cancer
This resource will help you identify the signs and symptoms of sarcoma and appropriately refer your clients to a general practitioner (GP) or provide them with the necessary information to seek medical attention themselves. It is important to note that some patients may receive incorrect reassurance from GPs regarding their symptoms not being indicative of a potential sarcoma. You will also learn how to recognise and rectify such errors by GPs, ensuring proper care for the patients.

The Kidneys and Drug Excretion
The role of the kidneys in the excretion of drugs.

The Liver and drug metabolism
The role of the liver in the metabolism of drugs.

The purpose and uses of qualitative research
To understand the purpose and potential uses of qualitative research

Types of qualitative research
This RLO outlines the variety of types of qualitative research that there are. It's aimed primarily at students studying evidence based practice and research methods.

U

Understanding Pragmatic Research
This resource contains information on how to do pragmatist research. It gives guidance on how to use possible pragmatist methodologies.

Understanding Qualitative Field Work
Why you would want to do field work and what it is

Understanding self-harm and care pathways for children and young people admitted to hospital
This resource is part of the Our care through our eyes (OCTOE), series. This RLO will equip registered children's nurses, student nurses and other health professionals with knowledge of self-harm in children and young people who have been admitted to hospital. The RLO will also cover the care pathways of children and young people who self-harm.

Unlocking stories - Experiences of older women who are survivors of domestic violence and abuse
A co-production learning resource which has used an arts based narrative approach to explore the experiences of older women who are survivors of domestic violence and abuse. The resource is open access and aims to reach a wide professional audience including those working in health and social care environments.

Unlocking the code
A resource developed through partnership with the School of Health Sciences at the University of Nottingham and Birmingham City University. By completing this resource the learner will be able to: Demonstrate a working knowledge of the four principles within the Nursing and Midwifery Council’s Code. Discuss the importance of professional behaviour and acting appropriately to prevent distress and harm. Identify the significance of public trust in the nursing profession.

V

Validating Questionnaires
In this resource, we will explore in detail the concepts and procedures that can be used to examine your questionnaire and ensure that it is fit for the research you want to undertake.

W

What are Journals?
This learning object introduces educational journals and describes three types: Academic, Professional and Subject. The examples used are drawn from the area of nursing, but the concepts are cross-discipline.

What is a randomised controlled trial?
This RLO outlines how Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) work.

What is Evidence Based Practice?
This RLO introduces the concept of evidence based practice and explains, in outline, how evidence based practice is done.

What is referencing?
This RLO outlines the importance of referencing and how to refer to the work of others appropriately. Interactive tasks illustrate the range of materials that can be referenced and examples of plagiarism. This resource has been re-purposed and replaces an older Flash based version.

Why critique research?
Why published research needs to be appraised by readers.